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英语·选修8(人教版)第二学时LearningaboutLanguage要点讲与练1．Canyouthinkofthealternativeswewouldusetoday?(p.37)你能想到我们今天也许用得上的替换物吗？词语链接要点讲与练alternativen.替换物；选择的余地alternativelyadv.随便地，可选择地programalternative方案抉择havenoalternativebut...除……外别无选择；只有；只好havenochoicebuttodosth.除……外别无选择；只有；只好即学即练要点讲与练完成下列句子。(1)Thewaytothecitywasblocked,sowehadtogothere_____________________(改道)．(2)Ifyouwanttobeadmittedtoakeyuniversity,you____________________________________________(别无选择，只能比以前更用功)．byanalternativeroadwillhavenoalternativebuttoworkmuchharder要点讲与练2．Youmustbeawarethatit'sherethatwefoundevidenceofsomeoftheearliestpeoplewholivedinthispartoftheworld.(p.38)想必你们知道，正是在这儿我们找到了居住在世界这个部分的最早人类的证据。词语链接要点讲与练awareadj.意识到的；知道的unawareadj.不知道的，不清楚的be/becomeawareofsth.知道；意识到beawarethat...知道；意识到即学即练要点讲与练完成下列句子。(1)Onceyou________________________________________________(意识到学习外语的重要性),youwilllearnitmoreactively.(2)Thoughmostsmokers______________________________________________(知道吸烟的危害),theywon'tgiveitup.areawareoftheimportanceoflearningaforeignlanguageareawareofthedangersofsmoking要点讲与练3.I'msorrytointerruptyoubuthowcouldtheylivehere?(p.38)对不起，打断你的谈话。可是他们怎么能住在这种地方呢？interruptv．打断；中断TheFirstWorldWarinterruptedhisstudyinGermany.要点讲与练(HisstudyinGermanywasinterruptedbytheFirstWorldWar.)第一次世界大战中断了他在德国的学习。Theloudnoisefromherneighbor'sinterruptedherstudy.邻居家传来的嘈杂声打扰了她的学习。要点讲与练4.Sowethinkitisreasonabletoassumetheylivedinthesecaves，regardlessofthecold.(p.38)因此，我们有理由认为他们不顾严寒，就住在这些洞穴里。词语链接要点讲与练assumevt.假设，设想，装作assumptionn.假定，假设assumableadj.假设的，可假定的ThescientistsassumethattherearelivingthingsontheMars.科学家们设想火星上有生物。Whenblamedbytheclassmates,sheassumedalookofinnocence.当同学们责备她时，她装出一副无辜的表情。要点讲与练regardlessof不管；不顾Sheisdeterminedtogotostudyabroad,regardlessofthefactthatherfamilyisnotrich.尽管她家不富有，她还是决定到国外留学。ThegirldecidedtogotoAfricatolookforhereldersister，regardlessofthedanger.不管有多危险，这个女孩还是决定去非洲寻找她的姐姐。要点讲与练词语辨析：despite，inspiteofdespite虽然，尽管；不顾。语气较弱，多用于诗歌或正式的文体中。Despitethefactthatheremainedweakaftertheoperation，PeterwenttoParis.尽管手术后他还很虚弱，但彼德还是去了巴黎。inspiteof虽然，尽管，不顾。多用于书面语，语气较重，表示不管遇到什么障碍、干扰和反对也坚持要干。Inspiteofallhisefforts,hefailedinhiscollegeentranceexamination.尽管付出了努力，他高考还是失败了。要点讲与练温馨提示：although,though，as也有“虽然，尽管；不顾”的意思，但是它们后面一定要跟句子，不能跟短语。其中as和though表“尽管”用于倒装句式中。inspiteof,regardlessof后只能接名词或短语。此外，although,though不能和but连用。Althoughitwasrainingheavilyoutside,thewomanwasstillwanderinginthestreet,lookingforherlostson.(＝Regardlessof/Inspiteof/Despitetheheavyrain,thewomanwasstillwanderinginthestreet,searchingforherlostson.)Youngas/thoughheis,heknowseverything.即学即练要点讲与练用regardlessof,despite,inspiteof,though,although，as填空。(1)____________herwealthleftbyhergrandparents,Marywenttoworkinabigcompany.(2)Theyhadtomarchon____________thecold,thesnowandthestrongwind.(3)_________________hehastriedhisbest,hefailedtopersuadehisuncletostopsmoking.(4)Tired____________sheis,shestillgoesonworkinghard.RegardlessofinspiteofAlthough/Thoughas/though要点讲与练5．Thatwouldhavekeptthemwarm,cookedthefoodandscaredwildbeastsawayaswell.(p.38)他们用这火取暖、做饭，还能用火吓跑野兽。would/might＋havedone想必，肯定是，表示假想的过去的动作或事情。即学即练要点讲与练完成下列句子。(1)John___________________________________(可能知道真相)butrefusedtotellus.(2)Theanimals____________________________________________________(肯定可以过更好的生活)ifpeoplehadpaidenoughattentiontoprotectingtheenvironment.would/mighthaveknownthetruthwouldhavelivedinabettercondition/mayhavelivedbetter要点讲与练6．Itseemsthattheyusedsharpenedstonetoolstocutupanimalsandremovetheirskin.(p.38)看样子他们可能是用磨尖的石器来切割野兽并剥皮的。要点讲与练词语链接cutup切碎；使……受苦，使……悲伤cutdown缩短；改小；缩小；砍伐cutin插嘴；打断；超车抢道cutoff切断，阻断；使分离，使隔绝cutshort中断，打断cutthrough穿过，挤进要点讲与练即学即练A选用上述词语完成下列句子。(1)He________themeat.(2)Irecommendedthatyoushould________thecost.(3)Asweweretalking,she________withaquestion.(4)He_____________aforesttogethome.cutupcutdowncutincutthrough要点讲与练构词知识“形容词＋en”构成动词。sharp(尖的)—sharpen(削尖)soft(软的)—soften(变软，软化)short(短的)—shorten(缩短，删减)wide(宽的)—widen(加宽，拓宽)ripe(熟的)—ripen(成熟)sick(生病的)—sicken(生病)weak(弱的)—weaken(削弱)要点讲与练即学即练B完成下列句子。(1)Weplanto__________________(扩路)．(2)Please________________________________________________________________________(将作文删短些).It'stoolong.(3)Theypickedfruitwhenit________(成熟)．widentheroadshortenyourcompositionripened要点讲与练7．Afterthattheywouldrubanampleamountofsaltintotheskintomakeitsoft.(p.38)然后，他们可能在兽皮上擦上大量的盐，使之变软。要点讲与练词语链接ampleadj.充裕的，足够的amplyadv.充裕地，充足地amplenessn.充足，充裕ampleevidence充分的证据anamplereward优厚的报酬词语辨析：ample,enough两者都表示充足的、充裕的，意思是“很多，超过所需求的数量”，但是后者比较常用。enough作定语时可以前置或后置，但是如果修饰形容词或副词时，enough必须后置。要点讲与练即学即练完成下列句子。(1)Wehave________________________________________________________________________(充足的旅费).(2)Therewas________________________________________________________________________(足够的时间)togettotheairport.ample/enoughmoneyforthejourneyample/enoughtime要点讲与练(3)Weneednotgoandbuyfoodtoday.Thereisstill________vegetables,meatanddrinksintherefrigerator.(4)Hehasmoney________tobuyabiggerhousenow.(5)Thepooroldmanwasnotstrong________toliftsuchaheavybox.(6)Hespokeslowly________butIstillcouldnotcatchhim.enoughenoughenoughenough要点讲与练8．Yesandsowellpreserved.(p.39)是的，还