必修5unit1GreatScientists

Unit1GreatScientistsArchimedes阿基米德CharlesDarwin达尔文ThomasNewcomen纽可门MarieCurie居里夫人GregorMendel门德尔LeonardodaVinci达芬奇HumphryDavy汉弗莱戴维StephenHawking斯帝芬霍金ThomasEdison1.Whichscientistdiscoveredthatobjectsinwaterareliftedupbyaforcethathelpsthemfloat?B.ArchimedesC.ThomasEdisonA.CharlesDarwin2.Whowroteabookexplaininghowanimalsandplantsdevelopedastheenvironmentchanged?A.MarieCurieC.CharlesDarwinB.GregorMendel3.Whoinventedthefirststeamengine?A.ThomasNewcomenC.ThomasEdisonB.Archimedes4.Whousedpeastoshowhowphysicalcharacteristicsarepassedfromparentstotheirchildren.A.ThomasEdisonC.ArchimedesB.GregorMendel5.Whodiscoveredradium?A.MarieCurieC.NewtonB.ZhangHeng6.Whoinventedthewayofgivingelectricitytoeverybodyinlargecities?A.StephenHawkingC.ThomasEdisonB.Archimedes7.Whowasthepainterthatstudieddeadbodiestoimprovehispaintingofpeople?A.GregorMendelC.MarieCurieB.LeonardodaVinci8.Whoinventedalamptokeepminerssafeunderground?A.SirHumphryDavyC.FaradayB.ThomasNewcomen9.Whoinventedtheearliestinstrumenttotellpeoplewhereearthquakeshappened?A.CharlesDarwinC.WattB.ZhangHeng10.Whoputforwardatheoryaboutblackholes?A.StephenHawkingC.CopernicusB.Archimedessimilaritiescarefulstrictpositivetalentedbrightstrong-willedWhatshouldscientistsdotoproveanewideainscientificresearch?Pre-readingDrawaconclusionThinkofamethodCollectresultsMakeupaquestionFindaproblemAnalysetheresultsRepeatifnecessaryWhatorderwouldyouputthesevenin?FindaproblemMakeupaquestionThinkofamethodCollectresultsAnalysetheresultsRepeatifnecessaryDrawaconclusionWhatimpressyoumostin2003?infectiousWhatotherinfectiousdiseasesdoyouknow?Forexample:Whenyoueatsomeseafood……Youfeel……Maybeyouhavegot________.CholeraJohnSnowJohnSnowdefeats“Kingcholera”Whodefeats“KingCholera“?HowmanytheoriesdidJohnSnowgotinterestedin?Whathappenedin1854?WhywastherenodeathatNo.20and21BroadStreetaswellasatNo.8and9CambridgeStreet?JohnSnowAnotherCholeraoutbreakhitLondon.ThesefamilieshadnotdrunkthewaterfromtheBroadStreetpump.twoSteps:What/How?1.Findaproblem2.Makeupaquestion3.Thinkofamethod4.CollectresultsJohnSnowDefeats“KingCholera”Whatcausescholera?Whichtheoryiscorrect?GatherinformationwhenanotherCholerahitLondonin1854.Hemarkedonamapwhereallthedeadpeoplehadlived.6.Findsupportingevidence7.Makeaconclusion5.AnalyseresultsLookedintothesourceofthewater.Twootherdeaths.Thewateristoblame.Thesourceofalldrinkingwatershouldbeexamined.ScientificReportbyJohnSnowTheproblemThecauseIdea1:Idea2:ThemethodNobodyknewthecauseoftheseriousdiseaseofcholeraastrangecloudofgasattackedpeople.peopleabsorbedthediseasewithmealsgatherinformationfromcholeraoutbreakTheresultsIdea1or2?Why?TheconclusionHefoundthecauseofcholerawasthepollutedwaterIdea2.BecausetheinformationshowedthatthedirtywatercarriedcholeraHedefeatedcholerabyexaminingthewatersupplyanddealingwiththepollutedwaterJohnSnowfinallyprovedthetheoryhebelievedby________.A.gatheringinformationwiththehelpofamapB.lookingintothesourceofthewaterforBroadStreetandCambridgeStreetC.separatingthosewhosufferedcholerafromthosewhodidn’tD.bothAandBReadthepassageagainandfillintheblanks:JohnSnowwasawell-known____inLondoninthe___century.Hewantedtofindthe______ofcholerainorderto______it.In1854whenacholera____out,hebegantogatherinformation.He_____onamapwhereallthedeadpeoplehadlivedandhefoundthatmanypeoplewhohaddrunkthedirtywaterfromthe______died.Sohedecidedthatthepollutedwatercarriedcholera.Hesuggestedthatthe_____ofallwatersupplybe_______andnewmethodsof________withpollutedwaterbefound.Finally,“KingCholera”wasdefeated.doctor19thcausedefeatbrokemarkedpumpsourceexamineddealing(in5minutes)Discussion:Discussthefollowingquestionsingroupsoffour.1.2.3.Cholerawasa19thcenturydisease.Whatdiseasedoyouthinkissimilartocholeratoday?JohnSnowbelievedIdea2wasright.Howdidhefinallyproveit?DoyouthinkJohnSnowwouldhavesolvedthisproblemwith-outthemap?Giveareason.Twodiseases,whicharesimilartoday,areSARSandAIDSbecausetheyarebothveryserious,haveanunknowncauseandpublichealthcaretosolvethem.JohnSnowfinallyprovedhisideabecausehefoundanoutbreakthatwasclearlyrelatedtocholera,collectedinformationandwasabletotiecasesoutsidetheareatothepollutedwater.Keys1.2.No.ThemaphelpedJohnSnoworganisehisideas.Hewasabletoidentifythosehouseholdsthathadhadmanydeathsandchecktheirwater-drinkinghabits.Heidentifiedthosehousesthathadhadnodeathsandsurveyedtheirdrinkinghabits.Theevidenceclearlypointedtothepollutedwaterbeingthecause.3.Let’shaveacompetition!ExtensionSpeakingactivityDiscussingroupsoffour,whichfielddoyouwanttocontributeyourselftointhefuture?Onetakesdownthegroupmates’opinions,afterthat,reportthegroupmates’opinionstothewholeclass.