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•四、虚拟语气•虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。•1．虚拟语气在条件句中的用法专题八│正面解读虚拟条件句主句与现在事实相反一般过去时（be用1._____________）would/should/could/might+动词原形与将来事实相反2.______________或wereto+动词原形或should+动词原形would/should/could/might+动词原形与过去事实相反3.________________would/should/could/might+have+过去分词过去完成时were一般过去时•8．【误】Hadn'ttheysavedus,wewouldhavebeendrownedinthestormyriver.•【正】Hadtheynotsavedus,wewouldhavebeendrownedinthestormyriver.•【正】Iftheyhadnotsavedus,wewouldhavebeendrownedinthestormyriver.•【解析】当条件中含有were,had,should等时，可省略if，从而把were,had,should提到主语之前。若条件句为否定句，则只把were,had,should提前，not仍放在主语之后。专题八│反面解读有时只有主句，不出现虚拟条件句，而是用without,with,butfor(要不是)等介词短语，或者用but,or,otherwise等副词或连词来表示虚拟条件，可称之为含蓄条件虚拟语气。如：Iwassobusythen，otherwise,Iwouldhavehelpedhim.我当时很忙，要不然，我会帮助他的。Wecouldn’thavefinisheditwithoutMary.如果没有玛丽，我们是不能按时完成这个工作的。Butfor(=ifithadnotbeenfor)yourhelp,Iwouldn’thavebeensuccessful.要是没有你的帮助，我就不会成功。一、动词填空用所给词的适当形式填空。1.IfI_____(be)you,Iwoulddoitinadifferentway.2.IfI_________(know)youlikedchocolates,I_______________(buy)moreforyouyesterday.werehadknownwouldhavebought3.Ifitweretoraintomorrow,we____________(stay)homeallday.4.Ifyou_________(take)myadvice,youwouldnothavefailedintheexam.wouldstayhadtaken5.Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvicejustnow,you________(be)finenow.6.Hehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball,otherwisehe____________________(score)agoal.wouldbewouldhavescored7.Withouttheairtoholdsomeofthesun’sheat,theearthatnight________(be)freezingcold,toocoldforustolive.wouldbe•2．虚拟语气在wish从句中的用法专题八│正面解读宾语从句愿望Iwish主语＋动词过去式现在不能实现的愿望主语＋had＋过去分词过去不能实现的愿望主语＋would/might＋动词原形将来不能实现的愿望•IwishIwereadoctor.我希望我是个医生就好了。(现在)•Iwishthattherainwouldstop.我希望雨能停下来。(将来)•Iwishthathehadnotmadesomuchfussaboutit.•我希望他不要把事情搞大了。(过去)•3．虚拟语气在名词性从句中的使用•(1)在insist；command，order；demand，request，require，desire；advise,propose,suggest，recommend等表示“命令、要求、建议”的动词后接的宾语从句中要使用虚拟语气。如：•Hesuggeststhatshe(should)leavethehouseatonce.•他要她立刻离开这所房子。专题八│正面解读•Heproposedthatwe(should)dealwiththeproblembytheviewofdevelopment.•他建议我们应该用发展的眼光处理这个问题。•(2)与上述动词相对应的名词suggestion,order,demand,proposal等后的表语从句、同位语从句中也要使用虚拟语气(should可省略)。如：•Myproposalisthatwe(should)setadeadlineforhandingintheplan.•我的建议是为这个计划设定一个上交的期限。专题八│正面解读•(3)在Itbesuggested(ordered,demanded,proposed,…)that…结构中，主语从句中也要使用虚拟语气。如：•It'srequiredthateverystudentbeontimeforschool.•要求每个学生准时到校。•(4)在doyousuggest/recommend用在特殊疑问句中作插入语时，句子的动词也使用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”的形式，其中should可以省略。如：•Whattypeofcomputerdoyourecommend/suggestwe(should)buy?•你建议我们买什么类型的电脑呢？专题八│正面解读•4．虚拟语气在状语从句中的用法•在asif/though引导的状语从句中，谓语动词用过去式表示与现在相反的情况；用过去完成式，表示与过去相反的情况等。其变化与wish后的宾语从句的变化相同。如：•I'velovedyouasifyouweremyrelative.•我一直爱你仿佛你是我的亲人。•5．虚拟语气在其他一些句型中的用法•(1)It'shigh/abovetime(that)从句中，谓语动词可以使用过去式，也可使用should＋动词原形；表示“早该……了”，其中should不可省略。如：•It'shigh/abovetimewegotup/shouldgetup.我们早该起床了。专题八│正面解读•(2)wouldrather＋从句中，谓语动词用过去式表示与现在或将来的情况相反；用过去完成式，表示与过去的情况相反。如：•Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.我宁愿你明天来。•(3)ifonly…要是……多好啊。如：•Ifonlyyouhadn'toffendedhim.你当时不惹他就好了。•Ifonlyhecouldcometomorrow.他明天能来就好了。•(4)其他一些表示祝愿的句型。如：•Mayyousucceed！祝你成功！•LonglivethePeople'sRepublicofChina.•中华人民共和国万岁！专题八│正面解读二、翻译句子将下列句子译成英语。1.昨天我要知道你电话号码的话，就告诉你真相了。__________________________________________________________________.2.如果我年轻10岁，我会从头开始的。_______________________________________________.IfIhadknownyourtelephonenumberyesterday,IwouldhavetoldyouthetruthIfIwere10yearsyounger,Iwouldstartalloveragain3.明天我要去那里的话，我就带着我的女儿。____________________________________________________________.4.要是我早想到这一点，就不会做这样愚蠢的事情了。_______________________________________________________________.IfIhadthoughtofitearlier,Iwouldn’thavedonesofoolishthingsIfIwenttheretomorrow,Iwouldtakemydaughterwithme•5．—ThisisthefirsttimeI________myfirstpicturewithmyownhands.•—Itistimethatyou________apictureforme.•A．took;took•B．havetaken;took•C．took;willtake•D．willtake;havetaken•【解析】B•This/Itisthefirsttimethat…中，从句的谓语动词通常用现在完成式；•It's(high)timethat…中，从句谓语动词通常用一般过去式(即虚拟语气)，意为“该是做……的时候了”。专题八│实战演练•24．[2010·江苏卷]•Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry，butI'dratherhe________moreonitsculture.•A．focusB．focused•C．wouldfocusD．hadfocused•【解析】B本题考查虚拟语气。•wouldrather＋从句，从句表示对现在或将来虚拟时应使用一般过去时。专题八│实战演练Testingform•1.Ididn’tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe___,shewouldhavemetmybrother.A.hascomeB.didcomeC.cameD.hadcome(NMET94)2.---Ifhe__,he__thatfood.---Luckily,hewassenttothehospitalimmediately.(NMET93)A.waswarned,wouldnottakeB.hadbeenwarned,wouldnothavetakenC.wouldbewarned,hadnottakenD.wouldhavebeenwarned,hadnottaken•(3)当条件从句的行为与主句所表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，主从句中动词的形式要根据它所标示的时间作出相应的调整，这就是所谓的“错综条件虚拟语气”。如：•Iftheyhadstudiedhard,theycoulddoiteasilynow.如果他们以前努力学习的话，现在干得就会容易些了。•Ifhehadnottakenmyadvice,hewouldn'tdoitmuchbetterlikethis.•如果他不听我的建议，他就不会干得这么好了。专题八│正面解读时态形式混用的虚拟语气•1.IfyouhadbeenwithJaneyesterdaymorning,youwouldnotbesoangrynow.•2.Iwouldhaveinvitedhertotheparty,butIdidn’tknowherwell.•3.Iwouldrathershetraveledbytraintomorrowthantoday.•4.IfhehadbeenborninGermany,whatlanguagewouldheprobablyspeaknow?Multiplechoice•1.IftheUnitedStateshadbuiltmorehomesforpoorpeoplein1955,thehousingproblemsnowinsomepartsofthiscountr