高三英语课件主谓一致要点精讲高三英语课件

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Comeout,GeorgeBush!I,aswellasmypeople,amdeterminedtofightyoutothedeath!1.NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary_____tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.A.isB.areC.amD.be2.Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks___tothenationasagift.A.isofferedB.hasofferedC.areofferedD.haveoffered3.Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory___yet.A.isnotdecidedB.arenotdecidedC.hasnotdecidedD.havenotdecided4.Thenumberofpeopleinvited___fifty,butanumberofthem___absentfordifferentreasons.A.were;wasB.was;wasC.was;wereD.were;were5.E-mail,aswellastelephones,___animportantpartindailycommunication.A.isplayingB.haveplayedC.areplayingD.play6.____ofthelandinthatdistrict____coveredwithtreesandgrass.A.Twofifth;isB.Twofifth;areC.Twofifths;isD.Twofifths;are高三英语总复习语法系列训练主谓一致要点精讲宝安高级中学高三英语备课组“一致”是指句子成分之间或词语之间在性、数等方面应保持一致。“主谓一致”是指谓语动词与主语必须在人称、性、数上保持一致,即主语是复数,谓语也用复数形式,如are,were,have等,主语是单数,谓语要用单数形式,如:is,was,has,works等。在具体处理一致关系时可遵循以下三原则:语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。意义一致的原则(一)谓语动词为单数的情况1.由and连接的并列成分指的是同一概念,兼具身份或匹配出现。TheworkerandwriterisfromWuhan.(那个工人兼作家…)(比较:TheworkerandthewriterarefromBeijing.那位工人和那位作家)BreadandbutterisadailyfoodintheWest.2.Every…and(every)…,each…and(each…,no…and(no)…,manya…and(manya)…连接两个单数名词作主语。Everydeskandeverychairismadeofwood.Manyaboyandgirlhasmadethesamemistake.3.one/everyone/each/either/thenumber+of+复数名词作主语。Eachofthestudentshasabook.4.clothing,furniture,traffic,jewellery,baggage,equipment,luggage等无生命的集合名词作主语。Clothingisbadlyneededinthisfloodedarea.5.以s结尾的词,但表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称作主语。6.表示时间、距离、金钱、等复数名词作主语,表达一个整体概念时。Twentyyearshaspassedsincehelefthishometown.7.由any-,some-,no-和-one,-thing,-body等所构成的不定代词作主语。8.非谓语动词、名词性从句作主语。Collectingstampsiswhathelikes.Whateverwasleftwastakenaway.9.单数名词、抽象名词、物质名词作主语。(二)谓语动词为复数的情况1.由and连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念。Bothbreadandbutteraresoldout.2.people,police,cattle等有生命的集体名词作主语。Thepolicearelookingforthemissingchild.3.goods,stairs,arms等名词作主语。4.由山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等s结尾的专有名词作主语。TheOlympicGamesareheldonceeveryfouryears.5.anumberof/quantitiesof/agroupof+名词作主语。(三)谓语动词单、复数视情况而定1.集体名词class,family,army,team,club,population,enemy,party,crowd,crew,audience,public,government,majority,group等作主语。强调整体用单数,指个个成员用复数。Hisfamilyisagreatone.Hisfamilyaremusiclovers.2.means,works,pains等词,根据主语表达的概念而定。Thesteelworksisnearthestation.Twonewsteelworksarebeingbuilt.3.“kind,sort,pair,type+名词”作主语,以这些名词本身的单复数而定。4.all,none,some,any等不定代词作主语,根据其指代的内容而定。Allarepresent.Allthefoodtastesgood.5.“half/most/enough/part/therest/thelast/lots/plenty/分数、百分数+of+名词”作主语:谓语动词要和of之后的名词单复数保持一致。就近一致原则由or,either…or,neither…nor,notonly…butalso等连接的并列主语,谓语动词常和靠近的作主语的名词有单复数上保持一致。NotonlyhebutalsoIaminvited.Neithermyglovesnormyhatgoeswiththedress.但注意:“with/alongwith/togetherwith/including/but/except/like/among/aswellas/nomorethan/besides/ratherthan+名词”置于主语后,谓语动词一般仍和前面的名词在单复数上保持一致。Theteacherwithanumberofstudentsisintheclassroom.集合名词作主语,谓语的数如何确定?1.Hisfamily_______asmallone.2.Hisfamily_______fatandshort.A.is,isB.are,areC.is,areD.are,is此题应选C。family是一个集合名词,具有单数(侧重指整体)和复数(侧重指个体)两种可能。类似这种用法的词主要的有:team(队,队员),class(班,班上的全体学生),crowd(人群),government(政府),crew(乘务员),committee(委员会,委员们),audience(听众)等:Thisclassconsistsof45students.MrGreenteachesit.这个班45个学生,由格林先生教。Thisclassarealldiligent.MrGreenteachesthem.这个班的学生都很用功,由格林先生教。Theteamisthebestintheleague.这个队在联赛中打得最好。Thefootballteamarehavingbaths.足球队队员们在洗澡。Itwaslate,buttheaudiencewasincreasing.时间很迟了,但听众人数却在增加。Theaudiencewereallmovedtotears.听众都感动得流了泪。但是并不是所有的集合名词都具有以上两种用法:1.有的集合名词总是用作单数(不可数):clothing衣服,poetry诗歌,baggage/luggage行李,furniture家俱,machinery机械,scenery景色,jewellery珠宝等。2.有的集合名词总是表示复数意义(但不用复数形式):people人,police警察,cattle牲口等。谓语应该跟主语一致还是跟表语一致?WeChinese____ahard-workingpeople.A.isB.areC.isbeingD.arebeing此题应选B。这里应注意的是:我们通常说的是主谓一致(即谓语与主语保持一致),而不是表谓一致(即不是谓语与表语一致),本题意为:我们中国人是一个勤劳的民族。注意以下类似例子:ThesetwodictionariesareapresentformybestfriendJim.Theplanetsweretheobjectofhisstudy.ThemostimportantthingIneedisbooks.Thecountry'sleadingexportiswatches.Thebestpartofthemealisthecoffeeandcookies.但是有些主语由于本身具有单数和复数两种可能,它的谓语到底用单数还是复数,要看具体的语境(多数情况是看其后面词语的单复数),例如:Whoisyourbrother?谁是你的兄弟?Whoareyourbrothers?哪些是你的兄弟?Whathesaidisquitecorrect.他所说的完全正确。Whatheleftmeareonlyafewoldbooks.他给我留下的只是几本旧书。并列主语中谓语应与哪个保持一致?1.Youorhe_______toblame.你或他有一人要受责备。2._______youorhetoblame?受责备的是你还是他?A.is,IsB.are,AreC.is,AreD.are,Is在通常情况下,两个并列主语由or,either…or,neither…nor,not…but,notonly…but(also)等连接时,其谓语通常与第二个主语(即临近的一个主语)保持一致,但是,在疑问句中则通常与第一个主语(即临近的一个主语)保持一致。1.Oneortwodays____enoughtoseethecity.A.isB.areC.amD.be2.NeithermywifenorImyself____abletopersuademydaughtertochangehermind.A.isB.areC.amD.be3.NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary____tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.A.isB.areC.amD.be4.Nottheteacher,butthestudents____lookingforwardtoseeingthefilm.A.isB.areC.amD.be下列结构的谓语应与哪个主语保持一致?Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks____tothenationasagift.A.isofferedB.hasofferedC.areofferedD.haveoffered用连词and连接的两个并列主语,其谓语要用复数,但是若主语跟有with,like,but,except,besides,including,togetherwith,alongwith,aswellas,morethan,nolessthan,ratherthan等连接的另一个名词,其谓语通常要与前面一个主语保持一致。1.NobodybutBettyandMary____lateforclassyesterday.A.wasB.wereC.hasbeenD.havebeen2.Awomanwithsomechildren___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