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被动语态复习：（Thepassivevoice)被动语态：被动语态表示句子的主语是动作的承受者。即：某事被如何如何了。如：1.Agreatdealofwaterisusedinthiscity.2.Thehousewasbuiltin1978.3.HewillbesenttoworkinTibet.4.Hisbikeisbeingrepairednow.5.Hismoneyhasbeenstolen.注：只有及物动词才可能有动作的承受者，所以只有及物动词才可用于被动语态。动词词形变化：被动语态其实质就是动词的词形变化。被动语态的动词构成：be(助动词)+-ed(及物动词的过去分词）被动语态的各种时态：被动态的时态变化完全取决于助动词be的各种时态变化，而其后的-ed是不变化的：一般现在时：is/are+-ed一般过去时：was/were+-ed一般将来时：willbe+-ed过去将来时：wouldbe+-ed现在进行时：is/arebeing+-ed过去进行时：was/werebeing+-ed现在完成时：have(has)been+-ed过去完成时：hadbeen+ed由上表中我们可以看出，不管是何种时态的被动语态，助动词be是不可不用的。被动态的应用范围：有的时候人们说话时偏重于事情本身而不是做事情的人，比如：这项计划制定得很完善；Thisplanhasbeenmadeperfectly.有的时候不可能、不必要将从事某种动作的人说出来，比如：这里啥时新出了一家商店？Whenwasthisnewlybuiltshopoperatedhere?在这样的情境下都需用到被动态。被动态中如果需要出现行为人，则需用上by,如：历史是由人民创造的。Historyiscreatedbythepeople.被动态中若出现情态动词，助动词be无需变化。1.Woodcanbeusedtomakepaper.2.Whoshouldbepraised?3.Thesebooksmustnotbetakenoutoftheroom.4.Chocolatemaybesenttohimasapresent.5.HewillbesenttoworkintheNorth-east.被动语态各种时态练习：（请注意以下各句中动词形式，尤其是助动词be的变化形式。1.Iwastoldtowaitforhimrighthere.2.EnglishismostlyspokenintheEnglish-speakingcountries.3.Theprojectwillbefinishedintwoyears.4.Hetoldmethatmybikewouldbeusedafterschool.5.Myhomeworkhasbeenhandedinbeforehand.6.Asteelplantisbeingbuiltinthiscitynow.7.Hetoldmethattheproposalwasbeingconsideredatthemeeting.8.Hesaidthatthee-mailhadbeensenttohisfriendthroughtheInternet.give,lend,offer,ask等需要两个连带成分，一个指人，另一个指事物，如：Mothergavemeatieasmybirthdaypresent.被动态既可以用“人”作为述说对象，也可以以“物”作为述说对象：A:Iwasgivenatiebymymotherasmybirthdaypresent.B:Atiewasgiven(to)measmybirthdaypresent.这样的句子多用“人”作为述说对象。动词词组用于被动态：A：保留介词或副词：Thisfilmisoftentalkedabout.ThebabywaslookedafterbyAuntLucy.Allyourcompositionsmustbehandedinafterclass.Thisworkshouldn’tbegivenup.B:takecareof,payattentionto,setfireto,makeuseof,takeholdof等词组内含有名词的词组，有两种变化：其一，将其看作一个词，将其后的连带成份作为述说的对象：Thepatientmustbetakengoodcareof.或者将该词组内部的名词作为述说对象：Goodcaremustbetakenofthepatient.在这种情况下多数采用上一句英文的说法。请变化下面句子：1.Youshouldpaymoreattentiontoyourreading.2.Someonehadsetfiretothehouse.3.Wemustmakefulluseofthesenaturalresources.4.Youcantakenoticeofthekeywordswhenreading.练习用被动语态改换下列各句：1.Myfatherwillrepairmybikeforme.Mybikewillberepairedbymyfatherforme.2.Ihavefoundmywallet.Mywallethasbeenfound.3.Shetoldmetowaithereforher.Iwastoldtowaitherforher4.Thepolicewillsurelyarrestthemurderer.Themurdererwillsurelybearrestedbythepolice.5.TheyinvitedMr.Greentomakeaspeech.Mr.Greenwasinvitedtomakeaspeech.6.Thestudentscleantheirclassroomeveryday.Theirclassroomiscleanedbytheeverydaystudents.7.Youmustn’ttakethosebooksoutofthereading-room.Thosebooksmustn’tbeentakenoutofthereading-room.8.Idin’ttellyouthegirlcoulddothejob.Youwasn’ttoldbymethatthegirlcoulddothejob.10.Theyareservingbreakfastbetweensixandnineo’clock.Breakfastisbeingservedbetweensixandnineo’clock.9.DopeoplespeakEnglishinyourcountry?Englishisspokeninyourcountry?11.Hegavemeapresent.Iwasgivenapresent.Apresentwasgiventome.12.Motheroftentellsherchildrenastoryatbedtime.Childrenareoftentoldastoryatbedtimebymother.Astoryisoftentoldbymothertochildrenatbedtime.13.Youmustpayattentiontoyourwriting.Yourwritingmustbepaidattentionto.Attentionmustbepaidtoyourwriting.14.Wemusttakegoodcareofthissicklittlegirl.Thissicklittlegirlmustbetakengoodcareof.Goodcaremustbetakenofthesicklittlegirl.15.Someonehadsetfiretothehouse.Thehousehadbeensetfiretobysomeone.Firehadbeensettothehouse.