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Unit1FriendshipUnit1FriendshipLearningaboutlanguage1Findthewordorexpressionforeachofthefollowingmeaningsfromthetext.Discoveringusefulwordsandexpressions1._________notinsideabuilding2.______feelingdisturbed3.__________________tobeworriedabout4._____free,nottiedup5.___________toexperiencesomething6._______totakenonoticeofoutdoorsgothroughlooseupsetignorebeconcernedabout7.___________stayingclosetoandlookingatsomebody8.__________tobecomequietafternervousactivity9._______pieceofmaterialhungtocoverawindow10.______numberofthingsthathappenoneafteranothercalmdowncurtainseriesfacetofaceAnne’ssister,Margot,wasvery______thatthefamilyhadtomove.However,sheknewthatshehadto__________allthedifficultieswithherfamily.Shefounditdifficulttosettleand__________inthehidingplace,becauseshewas_______________whethertheywouldbediscovered.concernedaboutupsetgothroughcalmdown2Completethispassagewithsomeofthewordsandphrasesabove.Shesufferedfromloneliness,butshehadtolearntolikeitthere.Whatshereallymissedwasgoing_________walkingthedogforherneighbour.Itwassuchfuntowatchitrun______inthepark.Shewishedshecouldtellherneighbour__________thatshewassorrynottobeabletodoitanylonger,butsheknewthatwastoodangerous!outdoorsloosefacetoface1.Whenthemansawthecaraccidentonthehighway,hestopped__________offerhelp.2.“HowcanLindarecoverfromherillnessinthisroomwhenit’ssodirtyand_____?Itwillonlymakeherworse.”saidthedoctor.3Completethesentencesusingwordsandexpressionsfromthetext.inordertodusty3.AfterPeterdied,George_________thestoryoftheirfriendshipinabook.4.Whenthestreetlightsgoon_______,theymakeabeautifulpicture,sodifferentfromthedaytime.5.Goodfriendsdonot_______whattheydoforeachother;insteadtheyofferhelpwhenitisneeded.setdownatduskaddup6.AlthoughTimandMikecomefrom________differentbackgrounds,theybecameclosefriends.7.Pleasedrawthe________;thesunlightistoobright.8.“Sorry,Ididn’tbreaktheplate_____________.”“It’sOK.Don’tworryaboutit.”entirelycurtainsonpurposeGrammarDirectandIndirectSpeechⅠ直接引语:直接引用别人的话,把它放在引号内。(directspeech)间接引语:用自己的话转述别人的话。(indirectspeech)Iamabeautifulgirl.Shesaidthatshewasabeautifulgirl.Whatdidthegirlsay?1.转述他人的陈述→陈述句SheaskedmewhatIwasdoing.Shesaid,“I’mgoingtoBeijing.”ShesaidthatshewasgoingtoBeijing.Heasked,“Areyouadoctor?”Heaskedmeif/whetherIwasadoctor.Sheasked,“Whatareyoudoing?”2.转述他人的疑问→一般疑问句3.转述他人的问题→特殊疑问句陈述句用连词that引导,that在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的said,也可用told来代替,注意,可以说saidthat,saidtosb.that,toldsb.that,不可直接说toldthat。直接引语变成间接引语,句子结构的变化Hesaid,“IhavebeentoJapan.”HesaidtousthathehadbeentoJapan.Shesaid,“I’llgiveyouanexamtomorrow.”Shetoldusthatshewouldgiveusanexamtomorrow.陈述句解题步骤:“Idon’tlikecomputers,”Sarahsaidtoherfriends.Sarahsaidtoherfriendsthat(Idon’tlikecomputers.)didn’tsheSarahsaidtoherfriendsthatshedidn’tlikecomputers.间接引语用连词whether或if引导,原主句中谓语动词said要改为asked(me/him/us等),语序是陈述句的语序。一般疑问句Tomsaid,“DoyouhaveanydifficultywithEnglish?”Tomasked(me)whether/ifIhadanydifficultywithEnglish.Hesaid,“YouareinterestedinEnglish,aren’tyou?”HeaskedwhetherIwasinterestedinEnglish.一般疑问句解题步骤:Isiteasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil?(Theyaskedhim)TheyaskedhimifItiseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.(itiseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.)askediswasTheyaskedhimifitwaseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词,主句的谓语动词用ask(sb.)来表达,语序改为陈述句语序。特殊疑问句Hesaidtome,“Whereareyoufrom?”HeaskedmewhereIwasfrom.Heaskedus,“Howmanyfactoriesarethereinyourcountry?”Heaskedushowmanyfactoriestherewereinourcountry.特殊疑问句解题步骤：Whendoyouharvestthewheat?(Theyaskedhim)TheyaskedhimWhenyouharvestthewheat(youharvestthewheat.)heharvestedTheyaskedhimwhenheharvestedthewheat.Heasked,“DoyouspeakEnglishorChinese?”HeaskedmewhetherIspokeEnglishorChinese.Iasked,“Willyoutakeabusoronfoot?”Iaskedhimwhetherhewouldtakeabusoronfoot.用whether…or…表达(不用if/either…or…)选择疑问句谓语动词时态变化需要注意几点：1.直接引语表述的是客观真理,变为间接引语时,时态不变。Thegeographyteachersaid,“Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.”Thegeographyteachertoldusthatthesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.2.如果直接引语所表述的内容在目前和说话时同样有效,变间接引语时,时态可不变。Thechildrensaid,“Welovethisgame.”Thechildrentoldusthattheylovethatgame.Shesaysthatshe’llneverforgetthedaysinthecountry.3.主句谓语动词的时态是现在时态,在引述时,时态不变。Shesays,“I’llneverforgetthedaysinthecountry.”DirectspeechIndirectspeechSentencestructurestatementsay/tellsb.(that)+从句一般疑问句ask/wonderwhether/if+陈述句语序特殊疑问句ask/wonderwh-word+陈述句语序在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化1.注意时态的变化2.注意人称和指示代词变化3.注意时间和地点的变化4.注意个别趋向动词的变化直接引语directspeech间接引语indirectspeech一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时过去完成时过去完成时DirectSpeechIndirectSpeechPronouns第一人称第三人称第二人称第一或第三人称thisthatthesethoseDirectSpeechIndirectSpeech时间状语nowthentodaythatdayyesterdaythedaybeforethisweek/monththatweek/monthlastweek/monththatweek/monthbeforethreedaysagothreedaysbeforetomorrowthenextday/thefollowingday地点状语herethereDirectSpeechIndirectSpeech方向性动词comegobringtakeborrowlend直接引语中的助动词间接引语中的助动词shallshouldshouldshould(不变)willwouldwouldWould(不变)maymightmightmight(不变)cancouldcouldcould(不变)mustmust/hadtoHesaidhe…playsfootballisplayinghasplayedplayedwillplayhadplayedplayedfootballwasplayinghadplayedhadplayedwouldplay