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Unit2EnglisharoundtheworldDirect&IndirectSpeechCommandandRequestUnit2Grammar在上一单元中我们学习了直接引语和间接引语的陈述句和疑问句形式。在本单元中我们将继续讲解直接引语和间接引语的用法。Tomsaidthathedidn’tlikeswimming.Tomsaid,“Idon’tlikeswimming.”Rewritethesentencesinindirectspeech.Heasked,“DoyoulikethebookHarryPotter?”HeaskedmewhetherIlikethebookHarryPotter.Johnsaidtome,“Pleaseopenthewindow.”Johnaskedmetoopenthewindow.“Makesurethedoorisopen,”theteachersaidtome.“Don’tplaygamesintheclassroom,”themonitorsaidtous.“Don’tsmokehere,please!”shesaid.下面的句子都是直接引语为祈使句，如何把这些句子转化成间接引语呢？直接引语为祈使句1.直接引语是表示命令、要求、请求的祈使句的变化。Thehostesssaidtous,“Pleasesitdown.”Thehostessaskedustositdown.转述这类祈使句时，要将祈使句动词的原形变为带to的不定式，并在不定式的前面根据句子的意思加上tell,ask,order等动词。2.如果祈使句为否定式，在不定式的前面加not。tellsb.todosth.tellsb.nottodosth.“Don’tmakesomuchnoiseinclass,boysandgirls,”saidtheteacher.Theteachertoldtheboysandgirlsnottomakesomuchnoiseinclass.3.直接引语是表示建议的祈使句的变动。Hesaid,“Let’sgotothecinema.”Hesuggestedgoingtothecinema.Hesuggestedthatweshouldgotothecinema.suggestdoingsth.suggestthatsb.shoulddo(动词原形)sth.suggest后面不能用不定式suggesttodosth.Openyourbooks.Pleaseopenyourbooks.Canyouopenyourbooksplease?Could/Wouldyoupleaseopenyourbooks?commandrequest(polite)request(polite)request(polite)Requestandcommand1.Youwanttoclosethedoor,butyoucannotdoitbyyourself.Howdoyoudoitpolitely?2.Youarestandinginthemiddleofatraincarriageandyouneedtoleave.Howdoyoudopolitely?Giverequestsorcommandsaccordingtothefollowingsituations.3.Abearisabouttoapproachaboy.Whatdoyousaytohimtomakesurethathewon’tbehurt?4.Abosswantsthesecretarytotypealetterforhim.Whatwillhedo?5.YourfatherwantsyoutoturnofftheTV.Whatwillhedo?GameSpeakingPractice•Step1,threestudentsmakeupagroupnamedstudentA,BandC.•Step2,everygroupshouldthinkofatleast3commandsthatyourparents,teachersorothereldersusuallygive.Rulesofthegame•Step3,studentAgivescommands.ThenstudentBasksstudentCwhatstudentAsaid.Atlast,studentCshouldchangetherequestfromdirectspeechintoindirectspeech.•Step4.Changerolessoeachpersongetsthechancetogivesomecommandsandturnthemintoindirectspeech.Example:studentA(asamother):Cleanthewindow.studentB:Whatdidyourmothertell/askus?studentC:Sheaskedustocleanthewindow.“Openthewindow,”theteachersaidtothestudents.(command)Theteachertoldthestudentstoopenthewindow.对比下列句子。他们有什么区别呢？“Openthewindow,please,”theteachersaidtothestudents.(request)Theteacheraskedthestudentstoopenthewindow.“Don’topenthewindow,”theteachersaidtothestudents.Theteachertoldthestudentsnottoopenthewindow.(command)“Don’topenthewindow,please,”theteachersaidtothestudents.Theteacheraskedthestudentsnottoopenthewindow.(request)1.“Shutup,”shesaidtohim.2.“Speaklouder,please,”hesaidtoher.“Canyouspeaklouder?”heaskedher.3.“Trythelift,”shesaidtoher.Shetoldhimtoshutup.Heaskedhertospeaklouder.Shetoldhertotrythelift.Changetherequestsandthecommandsintoindirectspeeches.4.“Don’twaitforme,”hesaidtothem.5.“Stopwastingthetime,”shesaidtohim.6.“Canyoutellmeastory?”thegirlaskedherfather.Hetoldthemnottowaitforhim.Shetoldhimtostopwastingthetime.Thegirlaskedherfathertotellherastory.7.“Canyoulendmeacoat?”heaskedme.8.“Pleasecouldyoucometothereceptiondesk?”sheaskedhim.Heaskedmetolendhimacoat.HeaskedmeifIcouldlendhimacoat.Sheaskedhimtogotothereceptiondesk.Sheaskedhimifhecouldgotothereceptiondesk.直引：主语+动词+“感叹句”Hesaid,“Whatafinedayitis!”Hesaid,“Howfinethedayis!”间引：主语+动词+陈述句Hesaidwhatafinedayitwas.Hesaidhowfinethedaywas.Heexclaimedthatitwasafineday.直接引语为感叹句特别提醒1.连接感叹句的动词应该是cry或exclaim。2.可以仍用what，how等词，语序不变，也可以用that从句，把动词say改为cry，shout，exclaim等。1.“Writeyournamesonyourpapersfirst,”theteachersaidtous.2.Hesaid,“Ihaven’theardfromhimsinceMay.”Changethesesentencesbelowintoindirectspeeches.Theteachertoldustowriteournamesonourpapersfirst.Hesaidthathehadn’theardfromhimsinceMay.3.Shesaid,“Didyouseehimlastnight?”4.Heaskedme,“DoyoustudyEnglishorFrench?”5.“Whatdoyouwant?”heaskedme.SheaskedmeifIhadseenhimthenightbefore.HeaskedmewhetherIstudiedEnglishorFrench.HeaskedmewhatIwanted.FunTimeItissaidthattherearetworobots.Oneiscalled“slaverobot”,whocanonlyhearcommands,theotheriscalled“friendrobot”,whocanonlyrespondtorequests.Ifyougivecorrectrequestsorcommands,theywilldowhateveryouhavethemdo.HomeworkMakeadialoguewithyourpartnerusingrequestsandcommands.