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Unit4EarthquakesUnit4Earthquakes定语从句在复合句中，修饰某一名词或者代词用作定语的句子就叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词，叫先行词。引导定语从句的关联词有：1.定语从句关系代词：who,whomwhose,which,that关系副词：when,where2.定语从句的位置定语从句放在被修饰成分之后。e.g.Thisisthecarwhichheboughtlastyear.先行词定语从句Thebookisverygood.Ihavereadit.3.先行词和关系词的关系Jointhefollowingsentences:Thebookisverygood.Ihavereadthat/which.Thebookthat/whichIhavereadisverygood.ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.3.先行词和关系词的关系Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawwhomyesterday.ThegirlwhomwesawyesterdayisMary.3.先行词和关系词的关系Wesawsometrees.Thetree’sleaveswereblackwithdisease.Wesawsometrees.whoseleaveswereblackwithdisease.Wesawsometreeswhoseleaveswereblackwithdisease.Helivedinaroom.Theroom’swindowfacessouth.Helivedinaroomwhosewindowfacessouth.4.关系代词的句法功能及指代功能关系代词处在先行词和定语从句之间，身兼三职：1.连接主从句的纽带2.指代先行词3.在从句中充当某种句子成分。指代人指代物指代人或物主语whowhichthat宾语whom/whowhichthat定语whose(=ofwhom)whose(=ofwhich)在从句中的作用指代功能Ihavereadthenewspaper.Itcarriestheimportantnews.Ihavereadthenewspaperwhichcarriestheimportantnews.(物/主/不可省)which指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可以省略。Ishowedhimtheletter.IreceiveditthismorningIshowedhimtheletter(which)Ireceivedthismorning.(物/宾/可省)that指人或物，在从句中做主语或宾语,作宾语时可以省略。They’retalkingabouttheman.Ihaveseentheman.They’retalkingabouttheman(that)I’veseen.(人/宾/可省)ItwaswrittenbyLaoshe.Janehasborrowedthebook.JanehasborrowedthebookthatwaswrittenbyLaoshe.（物/主/不可省）Theboywhoisreadingabookoverthereismyfriend.（主/不可省）Theboyismyfriend.Heisreadingabookoverthere.who指人,在从句中作主语，不可省，作宾语,可省略。•Heisafamoussinger•Yousawhimjustnow.Heisafamoussinger(who/whom)yousawjustnow.(宾/可省)whom指人,在从句中作宾语,可省略。ThegirlisfromAmerica.Icalledherjustnow.Thegirl(whom)IcalledjustnowisfromAmerica.（人/宾/可省）Thegirlgotfirst.Herfatherhadgivenusareport.Thegirlwhosefatherhadgivenusareportgotfirst.whosefather=thefatherofwhom=ofwhomthefatherWhose可指人或物,在从句中作定语,不可省略。（=ofwhom/whichthe+n;the+n+ofwhom/which）*先行词前有下列词语修饰时，定语从句必须用that引导。all,every,any,little,few,much,no,only,very,the+序数词,the+形容词最高级e.g.Thisisthecleanestparkthatyoucanimagine.e.g.Hetalkedaboutthethingsandpersonshehadvisitedinthecity.*在who或which引导的特殊疑问句中，限制性定语从句必须用that引导。thate.g.Whoisthemanisstandingoverthere?thate.g.ThisistheonlybookthathasbeenwritteninFrench.当先行词是one,ones,anybody,anyone,all,none,those等,指人时一般用who,不用that。Thosewhowanttogotothecinemawillhavetowaitatthegateoftheschool.先行词是人,从句中作宾语时,用whom或that(介词后不用that)。Theteacherwantstoreturnthebooktothegirlfromwhomsheborrowedit.指代人指代物指代人或物主语whowhichthat宾语whom/whowhichthat定语whose(=ofwhom)whose(=ofwhich)在从句中的作用指代功能从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Isthereanything_____Icandoforyou?A.whichB.whoC.whomD.thatD2.Ihaveseensomestrangetrees,_____openatsunriseandcloseatsunset.A.whichtheleavesB.whoseleavesC.whichleavesD.theirleaves3.All_____weneedisenoughrestafterlonghours’work.A.thethingB.thatC.whatD.whichBB4.OnthetrainIsawagirl_____Ithoughtwasyoursister.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.what5.Haveyouseenthefilm“Titanic”____leadingactorisworld-famous?A.itsB.thatC.whoseD.whichAC1.Finishtheexercisesonpage29.2.ReadthepassageonPage64andfinishexercises.