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V-ing形式用作宾语动名词作宾语有两种情况:1.只能后接动名词作宾语的动词,常见的有avoid,consider,enjoy,keep,finish,suggest,dislike,delay,escape,cannothelp,imagine,mind,miss,practise,cannotstand,excuse,fancyrisk,feellike等。如：我不能不去。Ican’tavoid________(go)．你是否考虑过找一位挚友?Haveyouconsidered_________(look)foronespecialfriend?goinglooking我们必须设法避免犯同样的错误。Wemusttrytoavoid_________(repeat)thesamemistake．晚饭后你想和我一起散步吗?Doyoufeellike_______(have)awalkwithmeaftersupper?人们忍不住嘲笑那个愚蠢的人。Peoplecouldn’thelp_________(laugh)foolishman．repeatinghavinglaughing2.既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语的动词,常见的有:begin,start,continue,like,love,prefer,by,mean,forget,regret,try,remember,hate等。有以下几种情况：A.在like,love,hate,prefer等动词之后，用-ing或不定式意义上没有什么不同,只是侧重点有些不同,动名词表示泛指的动作,不定式表示具体的一次性动作。注意区别下列句子：1)Ilikeplayingbasketball.Iliketoplaybasketballthisevening.2)Ihateswimminginthesun.Ihatetoswimtoday,becauseI’mnotinagoodmood.B.在begin/start,continue之后,用动名词和不定式,意义无甚区别,尤其是当主语是人的时候。如：Let’sbegin_____________(work)now.Shestarts_____________(study)at7o’clockeverymorning.Tomhadarestandcontinued____________(walk)totheschool.towork/workingtostudy/studyingtowalk/walkingC.在动词forget,remember,regret之后,用动名词与不定式意义不同。动名词表示动作先于谓语发生,不定式表示后于谓语动作,如：试翻译：1）Irememberpostingtheletter．我记得我已把信寄了。I’llremembertoposttheletter．我会记着去寄信的。2)Ishallneverforgetseeingthefamouswriter．我永远不会忘记见到过那位著名作家。Don’tforgettowritetoyourmother．不要忘了给你母亲写信。3)Iregretmissingthereport．我真后悔错过了那次报告会。IregrettosayIcan’ttakeyouradvice．我遗憾地告诉你我不能接受你的建议。D.在try,mean之后,意义各不相同,如trytodo(设法，努力做),trydoing(试试),meantodo(打算,有意要做，想要做),meandoing(意思是,意味着)。试翻译：1)Wemusttrytogeteverythingdoneintime．我们必须设法及时把一切搞好。Let’strydoingtheworkinginsomeotherway．我们用别的方法做这工作试试。2)Ididn’tmeantomakeyouangry．我并不想让你生气。Yourplanwouldmeanspendinghours．你的计划意味着要花费几个小时。E.goondoing继续做一直在做的事;goontodo接着做另一件事。stopdoing停止做，stoptodo停下正在干的事去干另一件事。试翻译：1）Pleasegoondoingthesameexercise．请接着做这同一个练习。Pleasegoontodotheotherexercise．请做另外一个练习。2）Westoppedtalking．我们停止了交谈。Westoppedtotalk．我们停了下来去谈话。beusedtodoing习惯于做某事beusedtodo被用来做某事can'thelpdoing禁不住做某事can'thelptodo不能帮助做某事其他的情况：3.作介词宾语（即介词后面接V-ing形式）如：We’vegottothinkofwaysof_________(change)people’shabits.Iapologizefor________(be)soangrywithyou.Iinsiston_______(take)properfoodforthisexpedition．Insteadof_______(smile),eachofthemmadeaface．Shewasveryinterestedin________(work)forourcompany．changingbeingtakingsmilingworking如：I’mlookingforwardto________(see)yousoon.Pleasepayattentionto___________(listen)totheteacherintheclass.Nobodyobjectsto_________(work)foranotherhourtoday.注意：下列短语中的to都是介词,所以后面跟名词或v-ing形式：devoteto,objectto,payattentionto,getdownto,leadto,lookforwardto,stickto,beusedto等。seeinglisteningworking4.在want,need,deserve,require等动词后,尽管表示的是被动含义,我们却用动词-ing形式，也可以用不定式的被动形式来替换。如：1.黑板需要擦干净。Theblackboardneedscleaning.=Theblackboardneedstobecleaned.2.那个破窗户需要修理。Thebrokenwindowwantsrepairing.=Thebrokenwindowwantstoberepaired.4.V-ing形式的被动式：beingdone;表明该动词与主语之间是被动的关系。如：1.Everybodyhates_______________(laugh)atlikeafoolbyothers.2.Alicelooksforwordto______________(ask)togiveaspeechatthemeet.3.Hedidn’tmind_______________(leave)athome.beinglaughedbeingaskedbeingleft