书面表达专题图表式作文图表式作文写作要求学生通过对数据和文字内容进行分析和讨论,系统准确地表达内容,并得出令人心服的结论。一是以表格形式,将统计的数据或说明的事物直接用表格形式体现出来,即统计表。图表式作文有以下几种形式:二是以图形形式,可分为以曲线形式表示数据变化的线形图;以条形方式表示数据的大小或数量之间的差异的条形图;以圆内扇形的大小表示总体内部结构变化的圆形图。(1)开门见山地点明本图表所反映的主题经常用的词汇有:table,chart,figure,graph,describe,tell,show,represent等等。图表式作文写作分三步:在描写数据间变化及总趋势特征时,可采用分类式或对比式以支持主题,并阐明必要的理由。要注意层次清楚。(2)分析数据间的主要差异及趋势,然后描写经常使用的词汇有:rise,drop,reduce,increase,decrease,fall,while,but,onthecontrary,however,compare…to/with,incontrastto,as…as,thesameas,similarto,differentfrom,differencebetween,among,morethan,lessthan等等。(3)归纳总结或发表评论。有时第三步可省略经常使用的词汇有:inaword,inshort,generallyspeaking,Itisclearfromthechartthat…,Wecandrawtheconclusionthat…,Wecanlearn/know…等等。(例析1)请你根据下表提供的信息写一篇题为ChangesinChinesePeople’sDiet的短文,短文可分为三小节:1)statethechangesinpeople’sdietinthepastfiveyears;2)givepossiblereasonsforthechanges;3)drawyourownconclusions.注意:尽可能少引用数据;词数100左右。20042005200620072008Grain43%42%41%41%40%Milk13%14%14.5%14.5%15%Meat25%25%26%26.5%27.5%Fruit&Vegetable19%19%18.5%18%17.5%Total100%100%100%100%100%分析:本统计表描述中国人民从2004年至2008年饮食结构的变化。TherehavebeensomechangesinthedietoftheChinesepeople.第一步:点明主题。第二步:观察图表中数据的增减总趋势,分类式阐明,并说明原因。Grain,themainfoodofthemostpeopleinChina,isnowplayingalessimportantrole.Theamountoffruitandvegetableintheaverageperson’sdiethasalsodroppedby1.5percentfrom2004to2008.Theamountofmilkandmeathasincreased.Thechangesindietcanbeexplainedbyseveralreasons.Foronething,withthedevelopmentoftheeconomy,peoplecanaffordtobuybetterfoods.Foranother,peoplehaverealizedtheimportanceofabalanceddiet.Inaword,thechangesarethesignsoftheimprovementinpeople’slives.Thereisnodoubtthattherewillbegreaterchangesinpeople’sdietinthefuture.第三步:归纳总结并得出结论。Food&18%Drink25%HousingOther(a)Food&22%Drink32%HousingOther(b)(例析2)根据下面所给两幅图,完成100词左右的一篇短文(首句已给出)。%ofaveragefamilyexpensein1997%ofaveragefamilyexpensein2002分析:第一步:点明本圆形图所表明的主题。TheaveragefamilyincomeintheUShasincreased.Thewaytheaveragefamilyspendsitsincomeshasalsochanged.TheaveragefamilyincomeintheUShasincreased.In1997,25%oftheincomewasspentonhousingand18%onfoodanddrink.57%wasusedtomeetallotherexpenses.第二步;描述两个圆形内数据间的变化。In2002,32%wasspentonhousing,abigincrease.Foodanddrinkconsumed22%.Theremainingexpensesamountto46%.第三步:总结。It’sclearfromthechartsthatasincomesincreasepeoplecanaffordtolivemorecomfortableandeatmore.激活练习:根据所给图表,写一篇题为‘电影与电视’的短文。短文须包括以下要求:1电影观众人数呈逐年下降趋势;2电视观众人数越来越多(原因:方便、经济、选择范围);3然而还是有人喜欢看电影(原因:气氛、娱乐)。参考词汇:decreasev.下降atmospheren.氛围entertainmentn.娱乐filmgoers/TVwatcher电影/电视观众注意:(1)短文须包括主要内容,可适当增减,使内容连贯;(2)词数100左右;(3)开头语已写好。(a)NumberofTVwatchers(b)Numberoffilmgoers199219941996199820002002102030405060708090100(b)(a)NumberofpeopleFromthetable,wecanseethatfilmisgivingwaytoTVinourcity.第一步:点明主题。第二步:观察图表中数据的增减总趋势,分类式阐明,并说明原因。Forexample,in1992,therewerelessthan10thousandTVwatches,morethan80thousandfilmgoers,whilein2002,wehadabout1millionTVwatchersbutonlyabout10thousandfilmgoers.ThenumberoffilmgoersisdecreasingandthatofTVwatchersisincreasing.TelevisionsarequitecommonnowadaysandsomoreandmorepeopleturntoTVbecauseitisconvenientandcheapandwatchershaveawiderangeofprogramsforthemtochoosefrom.Atthesametime,therearestillsomepeoplewhopreferfilmsbecausetheyliketheatmosphereinthecinemaaswellastheentertainmentForexample,in1992,therewerelessthan10thousandTVwatchers,morethan80thousandfilmgoers,whilein2002,wehadabout1millionTVwatchersbutonlyabout10thousandfilmgoers.ThenumberoffilmgoersisdecreasingandthatofTVwatchersisincreasing.TelevisionsarequitecommonnowadaysandsomoreandmorepeopleturntoTVbecauseitisconvenientandcheapandwatchershaveawiderangeofprogramsforthemtochoosefrom.第三步:归纳总结并得出结论。(可略)Atthesametime,therearestillsomepeoplewhopreferfilmsbecausetheyliketheatmosphereinthecinemaaswellastheentertainment.