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Unit9GrammarInversion一般来说，句子按照“主语+谓语”的顺序排列，叫做自然语序。有时为了强调突出某一部分或保持句子的平衡结构，从而使句子语序变为倒装语序。倒装语序又分为完全倒装（整个谓语在前），或部分倒装（情态动词，助动词，联系动词）在前，其次是主语+谓语。Outrushedallthestudents.Infrontofthehousesatagirl,whowasreadinganovel.完全倒装1.在there,here引导的句子中，谓语是be,exist,stand等表示状态的不及物动词,主语是名词。Thereseemssomethingwrongwithit.Thereliesadeeppondatthefootofthehill.Herearecoatsforyoungpeople.TherelivedagirlnamedAQiaolongago.主语是名词2.在语气词there,here开头的句子里，谓语动词是come,go主语是名词Theregoesthebell!Herecomesyourhusband.Herearethebooks.如主语是代词，则不用倒装Thereyougoagain.Hereyouare.3.副词now,then,thus引导的句子里，谓语是come,follow,begin,end,be等。Nowcomesyourturn!Thenfollowedashotofgun.Thusendedthemeeting.4.在in,out,down,up,over,away,off,back做状语置于句首时，谓语动词是come,go,rush,run等不及物动词ThedooropenedandincameMr.Smith,ourheadmaster.Overturnedthehugestone.Downdropsthemeatintothefox’smouth.Awayrushedtheprisoner.5.在地点状语提前,谓语动词是be,stand,sit,lie等动词的句子里.Inthefrontofthestagestoodasinger.Oneverypieceofpaperwasapictureofahorse.Alongthewallstandsfourbigbookcases.6.在直接引语全部置于句首的句子里,引述动词和他的主语往往要倒装.“Youhavemadegreatprogressthisterm.”saidourteacher.“Mr.Crossett,”saidmyfather,”willyoupermitanoldpupiltoshakehandswithyou?”“Whydidn’tyoujoinus!”Ourmonitoraskedme.7.在谓语是be,表语提前的句子里SuchwasAlbertEinstein,asimplemanofgreatachievements.Happyishewhodevoteshimselftothecauseofcommunism.Sobusyisthedentistthathehasnotimetospare.8.在不带if的虚拟条件状语从句,谓语动词是be的句子中WereIinyourposition,Iwouldaskhimaboutthematter.部分倒装1.在疑问句中Whatdidthetwocheatspretendtobedoing?注意Whatdoyouthinkthetwocheatspretendedtobedoing?Whatmakesyousoangry?2.在省略if的虚拟条件句中HadIknowntheanswer,Ishouldhavetoldyou.Shouldhebeinterestedinthissubject,hemightworkhardatit.Wereittoraintomorrow,wewouldn’tgoout.完全倒装3.在以so,neither,nor开头的句子中Theboycan’tskateandnorcanthegirl.Ifyoudon’twantit,neithershallI.Heisnotabusinessman,neitherdoeshewishtobe.Heisn’tlateandneitheramI.Hefinisheditontime.Sohedid.TheteacheraskedmetospeakloudlyinclassandIdidso.当前面的句子中主语、谓语或肯否定形式不同时，则用soitiswith….句型来表示。Tomlikessinging,buthedoesn’tlikedancing.SoitiswithMary.TomisinClassTwo,andhisclassroomisoverthere.SoitiswithMary.Tomiscleverandhestudieshard.SoitiswithMary.4.否定词hardly,never,seldom,little,scarcely,rarely,no,innotime,bynomeans置于句首时NeverbeforehaveImethim.SeldomdidtheboyreadnewspaperInnotimedidtheycatchthebus.LittledoIknowaboutwhathesaid.注意：１）当上述单词不提前时，则不倒装。Iseldomreadnewspaperbefore.Hehadhardlyfinishedhishomeworkwhenthelightwentout.2)当这些词作形容词修饰主语时且置句首时，句子不倒装。Littleworkwasdoneyesterday.5.在以否定词开头的一些固定句型中Neither..nor连接的两个句子都要倒装；notonly…butalso连接的两个句子时，notonly后面的句子要倒装。Neitherhashecalledonher,norwillhedoso.Notonlyshallwelearnfrombooks,butalsoweshouldlearnfrompractice.注意：notonly…butalso结构使用倒装语序时，(1)连接的必须是两个句子(2)notonly所在的从句倒装NotonlydoeshespeakEnglishverywell,butalsohespeaksFrenchwell.Notonlywaseverythingthathehadtakenawayfromhim,butalsohisGermancitizenship.但是当连接主语时不倒装NotonlyhebutalsoIhavekeptthesecret.Nosoonerhadtheyenteredthehousethanitbegantorain.Hardlyhadthey……whenitbegan……NotuntilshetookofftheglassesdidIrecognizeher.6.6.only修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句放于句首时，主句要倒装.OnlythendidIknowIwaswrongOnlyinthiswaycanyouhopetoimproveyourEnglish.Onlywhenthewarwasoverin1949washeabletogetbackhome.注：only修饰主语时，不倒装.Onlyhecandothiswork.7.在以often,always,once,manyatime,nowandthen,everyotherday,then等做状语的位于句首时。OftendidIspeakofhimbefore.Manyatimehashehelpedmewithmyexperiment.8.so…that/such…that中So+adj./adv或such+名词提前到句首时，后面的部分用倒装语序.a.Soloudlydidhespeakthatevenpeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.b.Soshallowisthelakethatnofishcanliveinit.c.SuchanoisewastherethatIcouldn’tworkd.Insuchahurrydidheleavethatheforgettolockthedoor.9.在以may开头的一些祝福语中Mayyouhaveagoodjourney!Mayyousucceed!