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Grammar“It”作形式主语和形式宾语1.作形式主语,代替由不定式、动名词或从句表示的真正的主语。1)It+be+adj./n.+(for/ofsb.)todosth.在此结构中,当形容词是表示不定式逻辑主语的特征或属性(如:wise,bright,kind,nice等)时,介词用of;形容词是说明不定式短语(如:important,possible,necessary,strange等)时,介词要用for。e.g.Itisimpossible(forsofewworkers)todosomuchworkinasingleday.Itwasfoolishofhertowastemoneyonsuchclothes.2)It+be+adj./n.+clause.e.g.ItiscertainthatTomwilldowellintheexam.3)It+be+adj.意义相当于形容词的名词词组+动名词.e.g.It’snousetryingtorepairtheship.Theseholesaremuchtoobig.4)It+take+(sb.)sometime/somemoney+todosth.e.g.ItwilltakethemmorethantenyearstocompletetheThreeGorgesDam.5)It+be+said/reported/told等+that-clause.e.g.ItissaidthathewillleaveforBeijingtomorrow.6)It+vt.+sb.+that-clause.e.g.Itworriedherabitthatherhairwasturninggrey.2.作形式宾语,代替由不定式、动词的ing形式或从句表示的真正宾语。1)S.+vt.+it+adj./n.+(forsb.)todosth.e.g.Doyouthinkitpossibleforthemtosendanengineerthere?2)S.+vt.+it+adj./n.+doingsth.e.g.Youmustfinditexcitingworkinghere.3)S.+vt.+it+adj./n.+that-clause.e.g.Ithinkitapitythatyoudidn’ttryharder.Exercises1.Ittookusoveranhour______alongthestreet.A.walkB.towalkC.walkingD.walkedB2.Ithinkitagreathonour_____tovisityourcountry.A.toinviteB.invitingC.havinginvitedD.tobeinvitedD3.Manypeoplenowmake_______aruletobuycardsfortheirfriendsbeforeChristmas.A.themselvesB.itC.thatD.thisB4._________isverycleartoeveryonethatheisroundandtalllikeatree.A.ThisB.WhatC.ThatD.ItD5.IntheUnitedStates，bustraveldoesn’tcostmuchastraintravel，_______?A.don’ttheyB.doesitC.dotheyD.doesn’titB6.Someoneisatthedoor,whois_________?A.thisB.thatC.itD.he7.______raininghardforthreehourswithoutstopping.A.ItisB.ItwasC.IthasbeenD.IthadbeenCC8.—Hastheboygothisbicyclenow?—Yes，thepolicegave_______.A.himtohimB.ittoitC.ittohimD.himtoitC9.Itisimportant_______theiroffer.A.rejectB.rejectsC.torejectD.rejecting10.Has________beendecidedwhenwearetoholdthesports-meeting?A.thatB.thisC.itD.whatCC11.-----DidLiLeicallmewhileIwasout?-----Yes，itwas________thatcalledyou.A.himB.heC.whoD.whomB12.Nothingiswrongwiththeradio，________?A.isn’titB.isthatC.isitD.isn’tthat13.Idon’tthink_____difficultforaChinesestudenttomasteraforeignlanguagewithinfiveyears.A.thatB.itC.tooD.veryCB14.It’sthesecondtimeyou______latethisweek.A.arriveB.arrivedC.havearrivedD.hadarrived15.Itwillnotbe_________wemeetagain.A.longbeforeB.beforelongC.soonafterD.shortlyafterCA16.It’sdemandedthatwe________thereonfoot.A.nottogoB.don’tgoC.notgoD.won’tgo17.“It”isoftenusedto________ababy.A.meantoB.sticktoC.pointtoD.refertoCD18.Itwasnotuntil1936_____basketballbecamearegularpartoftheOlympicGames.A.thatB.whenC.whichD.thenA19.________youmettheEnglishman?A.WhereitwasthatB.WhoitwasthatC.WherewasitthatD.WherewasthatC20.______thatshehasgonetotheUnitedStates?A.WasittrueB.IsittrueC.ItistrueD.ItwastrueB21._______certainthathisinventionwillleadtothedevelopmentofproduction.A.That’sB.ThisisC.It’sD.What’sC22.______in1914________theFirstWorldWarbrokeout?A.Wasthat；thatB.Wasthat；whenC.Wasit；thatD.Wasit；whenC23.Itisimportantthatshe_______withMr.Williamsimmediately.A.speakB.spokeC.willspeakD.tospeak24._________thatthere’sanothergoodharvestthisyear.A.ItsaysB.ItissaidC.ItwassaidD.HewassaidAB25.It’snouse_______overspiltmilk.A.cryB.cryingC.thatyoucryD.foryoutocryB