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TheUseof“it”Howmuchdoyouknowabout“it”?TheUseof“it”代词it引导词itIt句型的归纳SentencesWith“it”1.用作人称代词，代替前文提到过的事物Mypenismissing.Ican’tfinditanywhere.---Whoisknockingatthedoor?---It’sme.Jackisill.Haveyouheardaboutit?代词---it2.用以代替指示代词this,that---What’sthis?---Whoseexercise-bookisthat?---It’shers.代词---it---It’saflag.3.表示时间、天气、距离季节、环境、情况等It’stimeforlunch.Whenspringcomes,itgetswarmerandwarmer.It’sabouttwolifromheretothezoo.It’swinternow.Itwasveryquiet(noisy)atthemoment.代词---it1.作形式主语，代替由不定式（或不定式复合结构）、动名词或从句表示的真正主语。Hehadtositupnow,foritwasimpossibleforhimtosleep.It’snousetellinghimthat.It’snotyetknownwhereshehasgone.引导词---it2．作形式宾语，代替由不定式、动名词或从句表示的真正宾语。Hefeelsithisdutytohelpothers.Wethoughtitnousedoingthat.Willyouseetoitthattheluggageisbroughtback?引导词---it3．用在强调结构中。为了强调句子的某一成分（通常是主语、宾语、或地点状语或时间状语），常用强调结构“Itis(was)+被强调成分+that(或who)…”IsawLiPinginthestreetthismorning.引导词---itItwasIthat/whosawLiPinginthestreetthismorning.ItwasLiPingthatIsawinthestreetthismorning.ItwasinthestreetthatIsawLiPingthismorning.ItwasthismorningthatIsawLiPinginthestreet.it---强调结构Itishethatisright.Itistheythatareright.Itwasyouthatcamelate.被强调的部分如果是原句的主语，后面的谓语在人称和数上应和原句的主语一致此句型只用于一般现在时和过去时态引导词---it强调时间状语和地点状语时后面不能用when和where引出其余部分，必须要用that引出。ItwasintheparkthatImetmyfriend.Itwasyesterdaythatweheldthatparty.引导词---it强调notuntil结构时将此结构置于Itis(was)…that…句型中，that后接肯定式。Ididn’tgotobeduntilIhadfinishedmyhomeworklastnight.Itwas…that…notuntilIhadfinishedmyhomeworklastnightIwenttobed.强调句型的一般疑问句将be的形式提前于句首。Wasithethat(who)knockedatthedoorjustnow?引导词---itWasitintheparkthatImetmyfriend?特殊疑问句句型，将被强调的疑问词置于句首。Whatisitthatyouwantmetobuyasyourgift?Whowasitthatknockedatthedoorjustnow?Wherewasitthathewentyesterday?引导词---it•1Itismoderntechnologythatmakesitpossibletofindoutmoreaboutthemaninthegrave.•2ItisthetestsonhisteeththatshowthathespenthisyouthinCentralEurope.•3ItwasintheBronzeAgethatpeoplecouldmaketoolsofcopperandbronze.•4ItwaswestWaleswherethesmallerbluestonescamefrom.SuggestedanswerstoExercise1,P78•Itwassaidthatitwasanimportantarcheologicaldiscovery.•ItwasreportedthatthismanhadasonwhogrewupinScotland.•ItisbelievedthatthetwogoldearringsfoundonthemanaretheoldestgoldeverfoundinBritain.•ItisthoughtthatEuropeancultureandtechniqueswerebroughttoBritainthroughtradeinsteadofwar.•IthasbeenprovedthatthecopperknivescamefromSpainandwesternFrance.•Itisunknownhowthesehugestonesweretransportedoveradistanceof380kilometers.Exercise2SentencesWith“It”(It句型的归纳)1.It+be+adj.+ofsb.+不定式sb.+be+adj.+不定式2.It+be+adj.+forsb.+不定式不定式+be+adj.sth.+be+adj.+不定式………1.It+be+adj.+ofsb.+不定式sb.+be+adj.+不定式Itisverykindofyoutohelpus.(=Youarekindtohelpus.)Itwaswiseofyounottoaccepttheinvitation.It’scruelofhimtokillthatanimal.Notes:这种结构中的形容词表明的是不定式的逻辑主语，即行为人的特点，用ofsb.todo结构引出不定式的逻辑主语,这些形容词常与人的性格特点有关kind,cruel,clever,bright,foolish,stupid,silly,wise,careful,careless,rude,impolite,nice,right,wrong,silly,good,brave,honestetc.2.It+be+adj.+forsb.+不定式不定式+be+adj.sth.+be+adj.+不定式ItisdifficultforustolearnEnglish.TolearnEnglishisdifficultforus.Englishisdifficultforustolearn.Notes:这种结构中的形容词表明的是不定式行为本身的特点，常用forsb.todo结构引出不定式的逻辑主语important,difficult,easy,hard,necessary,interesting,dangerous,possible,impossible,likely,heavyetc.3.It+takes+sb.+sometime+不定式表示“做某事花费某人多长时间”Ittookhimsometimetofindtheelephant.=sb.+spend+sometime+(in)doingHespentsometime(in)findingtheelephant.4.Itcost+sb.+somemoney+不定式sth.cost+sb.+somemoneysb.spend+somemoney+on+sth.sb.pay+somemoney+forsth.sb.buy+sth.+for+somemoneyThenecklacecostthem36,000francs.Theyspent36,000francsonthenecklace.Theypaid36,000francsforthenecklace.Theyboughtthenecklacefor36,000francs.用spend,pay,buy时主语是人而不是物。用spend时还可译为：Theyspent36,000francs(in)buyingthenecklace.5.Itis+nouse+动名词=动名词+is+nouseItisnouseregrettingyourpastmistakes.=Regrettingyourpastmistakesisnouse.It’snousecryingoverspiltmilk.能以动名词作主语的这类句子并不多，主要在以nogood,nouse,useless,senseless,worthwhile,dangerous等词作表语的句子中用。6.It+be+adj./n.+that-clause=That-clause+be+adj./n.Itisveryclearthathe’sroundandtalllikeatree.Thathe’sroundandtalllikeatreeisveryclear.Itisapitythatshehasmadesuchamistake.Thatshehasmadesuchamistakeisapity.形容词和名词：goodnewsnowonderanhonorafactashamestrangenaturalsurprisingobvioustruewonderfulfunnypossibleimpossiblelikelyunlikelyimportantnecessaryunusual7.It+be+过去分词+that-clause=sb.+be+过去分词+不定式Itissaidthathehasbeenillforyears.适用于这种句型的动词有report,announce,decide,learn,expect,arrange,suggest,etc.Heissaidtohavebeenillforyears.8.It+seems/-ed+that-clause=sb.+seems/-ed+不定式Itseemsthattheyaretalking.用于这种句型的动词happen,turnout等Ithappenedthatshewasnotathome.ItturnedoutthathewasBush’sfather.Theyseemtobetalking.9.It+be+sometime+since…=…haspassedsince…/sb.+have+过去分词+for+sometime表示“自……以来有多长时间了”Itisfiveyearssincehisdeath.(prep.)Itisfiveyearssincehedied.(conj.)Fiveyearshaspassedsincehisdeath.Fiveyearshaspassedsincehedied.在肯定句中短暂性动词不能与forsometime搭配。必须将这类动词换成表示状态的副词。Themeetinghasbeenonforanhour.Hehasbeenawayforthreeyears.Itisthreeyearssincehecamehere.It’syearssinceIenjoyedmyselfsomuch.since可以是介词，又可以是连词。作连词时从句中一般用非延续性动词。It’stenyearssinceIwasatschool.It’sth