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InversionGrammar:倒装英语的基本句型是主语+谓语。如果将主语与谓语调换,称倒装句。倒装句分全倒装句和半倒装句。谓语+主语助动词/情态动词完全倒装部分倒装+主语+v.…Incametheheadmaster.Haveyouknownthenews?CanyouspeakEnglish?Theregoesthebell!铃响了！Therelivedanoldman.Herecomesthebus.1、当here,there,out,in,up,down等副词放在句首时,句子需全倒装:注意:①在这种情况下倒装仅限于不及物动词或be动词,像go,come,rush等。②主语如果是代词时不需倒装如Awayhewent.他走远了。全倒装:主语与谓语交换位置不需任何助动词,叫全倒装。全倒装有以下三种注意：主语是人称代词，语序不变。Hereyouare.Inhecomes.所以完全倒装需具备的2个条件Hereisaletterforyou.注：如果主语为人称代词，仍用自然语序，如：Hereyouare.Hereweare.Hereitis!Thereitgoes!HereisChina’slargesttropicalforest.2.主语必须是n1.谓语必须是vi或者linkverb（系动词）a形容词+系动词+主语b.过去分词+系动词+主语c.介词短语+系动词+主语Presentatthemeetingweremanystudents.Gonearethedayswhentheylivedalone.Inthecornerwasatable.2.表语+系动词+主语3.为了强调平衡而将表地点的介词短语放在句首时.状语(表示地点的介词短语)+v.+S.sit,stand,lie,come,hang等•.(Tothe)eastofthecitylietwolakesOnthewallhangsanoldjacket.Fromthevalleycameahelp•Infrontofthehousestoppedapolicecar.•Nearbyweretwocanoesinwhichtheyhadcometotheisland.•Underthetreesataboy.4.such置于句首时+系动词+主语SuchwasAlbertEinstein,asimpleman.Suchwerethefacts.Noonecandenythem.5.用于therebe句型Therearemanystudentsintheclassroom.Thereisapen,twobooksandabagonthetable2、倒装句之部分倒装部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do,does或did，并将其置于主语之前。1.句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no,not,never,seldom,little,hardly,atnotime,innoway,notuntil…等。NeverhaveIseensuchaperformance.Nowherewillyoufindtheanswertothisquestion.Notuntilthechildfellasleepdidthemotherleavetheroom.当Notuntil引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。注意：如否定词不在句首不倒装，例如：Ihaveneverseensuchaperformance.Themotherdidn'tleavetheroomuntilthechildfellasleep.典型例题—Whycan'tIsmokehere?—Atnotime_______inthemeeting-room.A.issmokingpermittedB.smokingispermittedC.smokingisitpermittedD.doessmokingpermit答案A.这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时，其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。这些否定词包括no,little,hardly,seldom,never,notonly,notuntil等。本题的正常语序是Smokingispermittedinthemeeting-roomatnotime.Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury_______whatheatis.A.mandidknowB.manknowC.didn'tmanknowD.didmanknow答案D.看到Notuntil…的句型，我们知道为一倒装句，答案在C，D中选一个。改写为正常语序为，Mandidnotknowwhatheatisuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19th.现在将not提前，后面就不能再用否定了,否则意思就变了。2、以否定词开头作部分倒装如:Notonly…butalso,Hardly/Scarcely…when,Nosooner…thanNotonlydidherefusethegift,healsoseverelycriticizedthesender.Hardlyhadshegoneoutwhenastudentcametovisither.Nosoonerhadshegoneoutthanastudentcametovisither.典型例题Nosooner_______thanitbegantorainheavily.A.thegamebeganB.hasthegamebegunC.didthegamebeginD.hadthegamebegun答案D.以具有否定意义的副词放在句首时，一般采用倒装句(谓语前置)。这类表示否定意义的词有never,seldom,scarcely,little,few,not,hardly,以及notonly…but(also),nosooner…than,hardly…whenscarcely…when等等。注意：只有当Notonly…butalso连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Notonly…butalso仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构。NotonlyyoubutalsoIamfondofmusic.3)Nosooner…than…Hardly…when…Scarcely…when…Hardlyhadtheygoneoutoftheclassroomwhenitbegantorain.位于句首注意：主句用倒装，从句不用倒装。主句用过去完成时，从句用过去时•Hehadnosoonerarrivedtherethanhefellill.Nosoonerhadhearrivedtherethanhefellill.Exercises:3、so,neither,nor作部分倒装表示“也”、“也不”的句子要部分倒装，例如：TomcanspeakFrench.SocanJack.Ifyouwon'tgo,neitherwillI.典型例题--DoyouknowJimquarrelledwithhisbrother?--Idon'tknow,_____.A.nordon'tIcareB.nordoIcareC.Idon'tcareneitherD.Idon'tcarealso答案B。nor为增补意思也不关心，因此句子应倒装。A.错在用don't再次否定，C.neither用法不对且缺乏连词。D.缺乏连词。注意：当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为的确如此。TomaskedmetogotoplayfootballandsoIdid.“It'sraininghard.”“Soitis.”②.SO1)HestudiesEnglishwell.Sodoesshe.2)HestudiesEnglishwell.Sohedoes.3)Soitis/was(thesame)with…a)Hedidn’tstudywellandfailedintheexam.Soitwaswithme.b)Hestudieshardandisagoodstudent.SoitiswithTom.下列情况不用so,neither,nor.而用soitiswith…来表达情况也适用于另一个人1.当前面两个句子，一个是肯定，一个是否定时2.当一个句子的主语是人，一句子的主语是物时3.当两个句子的谓语动词属于不同类型时。Tomlikessinging,buthedoesn’tlikedancing.SoitiswithMary.HeisinClassTwo,andhisclassroomisoverthere.SoitiswithMary.Tomiscleverandhestudieshard.SoitiswithMary.4、as,though引导的倒装句as/though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前（形容词,副词,分词,实义动词提前），例如：Oldasmyfatheris,hekeepsupwithhisEnglishstudy.Childasheis,heknowssomethingofelectricity.Tiredashewas,hecontinuedtowork.Youngasshewas,shewasalreadydirectorofafactory.Tryhardashewill,heneverseemsabletodotheworksatisfactorily.注意：1)句首名词不能带任何冠词。句首是实义动词,其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语,随实义动词一起放在主语之前。2)让步状语从句中，有though，although时，后面的主句不能有but，但是though和yet可连用。5、only在句首要倒装的情况Onlyinthisway,canyoulearnEnglishwell.Onlyafterbeingaskedthreetimesdidhecometothemeeting.如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装，例如：Onlywhenheisseriouslyill,doesheeverstayinbed.6、其他部分倒装1)so…that句型中的so位于句首时，需倒装。Sofrightenedwashethathedidnotdaretomoveaninch.2)在某些表示祝愿的句型中：Mayyouallbehappy.3)在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were,had,should等词，可将if省略，把were,had,should移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。WereIyou,Iwouldtryitagain.典型例题：1.Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury______whatheatis.A.mandidknowB.manknewC.didn'tmanknowD.didmanknow2.NotuntilIbegantowork______howmuchtimeIhadwasted.A.didn'tIrealizeB.didIrealizeC.Ididn'trealizeD.Irealize3.—DoyouknowTomboughtanewcar?—Idon'tknow,_______.A.nordon'tIcareB.nordoIcareC.Idon'tcareneitherD.Idon'tcarealso答案为D。Notuntil引导的词组位于句首，后面的句子要倒装。答案为B。Notuntil引导从句位于句首，后面的主句要倒装。答案为B。句中的nor引出部分倒装结构，表示也不。由so,neither,nor引导的倒装句，表示前一情况的重复出现。其中,so用于肯定句,而neither,nor用在否定句中。7.prep.+no+n.位于句首