必修1Unit4Earthquakes高中定语从句课件一

Welcometoourclass!Canyoudescribethefollowingpictures?thebeautifulflowersthehappychildren快乐的孩子们Aviolentbaby！暴力的孩子啊Whatistheattribute(定语)?1.Heisanhonestboy.(形容词）2.Thefalling/fallenleavesareflyinginthesky.(现在/过去分词）3.What’syourtelephonenumber?（名词）4.Theboysontheplaygroundareplayingbasketballs.（介词短语）修饰名词和代词的成分，作定语的除了形容词外，还有代词、数词、名词、介词短语或相当于形容词的词或短语等。定语:abeautifulflower美丽的花atallboy一位高个男孩beautifultallmyteacherthreeboysclothesshop服装店thestudentsinclass上课的学生们Thepositionsoftheattribute:（定语的位置）1.Thisisaflowerbasket.2.Thisisabasketfullofflowers.（单个的词作定语时要放于被修饰词的前面，短语作定语时要放于被修饰词的后面。）看下列句子，是什么作定语呢？1.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.(从句）飞机是会飞的机器。2.TheforeignerwhovisitedourschoolyesterdayisfromCanada.（从句）昨天参观我们学校的外宾来自加拿大。3.ThisisabasketthatIwanttoputflowersin.（从句）这就是我要放花的篮子。Unit4EarthquakesTheAttributiveClauseI（that,which,who,whom,whose）一.定语从句的基本定义●在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。●被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。一.定语从句的基本定义▲位置：定语从句通常紧跟在先行词之后。▲定语从句的结构：先行词+关系词+从句TheboywhoisreadingisTom.先行词关系代词Hospitalisaplacewhereadoctorworks.先行词关系副词二.关系词的分类及功能2.关系副词关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语和定语等，常用的关系代词有：that,which,who,whom,whose关系副词在定语从句中作状语，常用的关系副词有：when,where,why二.关系词的分类1.关系代词三.关系代词的基本用法和注意点1.关系代词的基本用法三.1.关系代词的基本用法关系代词指代的先行词充当从句的成分who人主语、宾语whom人宾语which物主语、宾语that人或物主语、宾语whose人或物定语1.who指人,在定语从句中作主语例句：(1)Theboys______areplayingfootballarefromClassOne.(2)YesterdayIhelpedanoldman_________losthisway.(3)Children______eatalotofsugaroftenhavebadteeth.who,whomwhowhowho2.whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语，可省略。例句：(1)Mr.Liuistheperson__________youtalkedaboutonthebus.(2)Mr.Lingisjusttheboy_______Iwanttosee.注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。(3)Theman（who/whom）youmetjustnowismyfriend.(whom)(whom)3.which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略(1)Footballisagame_____islikedbymostboys.（作主语）(2)Thisisthepen________heboughtyesterday.（作宾语）thatwhich（which）4.that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。(1)Thenumberofthepeople________cometovisitthecityeachyearisincreasing.(2)Whereistheman_____________Isawthismorning?whosethat/who(that/who/whom)5.Whose既可以指人，又可指物，在定语从句中做定语,表示“……人的”“……物的”(1)Theroom_______windowfacessouthismine.窗户朝南的那个房间是我的。(2)Ioncelivedinahouse_____roofhasfallenin.我曾经住在屋顶倒塌的一个房子里。▲whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替：可用ofwhich代替，但语序不同，即whose+名词=the+名词+ofwhich，或=ofwhich+the+名词。如：whosewhose(3)Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.=Theclassroom________________isbrokenwillsoonberepaired.=Theclassroom__________________isbrokenwillsoonberepaired(4)Doyoulikethebookwhosecoverisyellow?=Doyoulikethebook______________isyellow?=Doyoulikethebook_______________isyellow?thedoorofwhichofwhichthedoorthecoverofwhichofwhichthecoverCanyouchoosetherightanswer?Ihavereadallthebooks____yougaveme.Thisisthebestfilm_____hasbeenshownthismonth.Thereseemstobenothing_____seemsimpossibleforhimintheworld.Whoistheman______isstandingthere?A.whoB.whichC.thatD.B&C▲关系代词that和which▲在定语从句中，that和which常常可以互换，但是下列情况只用关系词that,而不宜用which；当然作宾语时可以省略。1.先行词（从句所修饰的词）被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时,只能用that引导从句.1）Thisisthemostinterestingstory(that)Ihaveeverheard.2）Thefirstmeeting(that)wewilltakepartinwillbeheldintheafternoon.2.先行词是all,something,nothing,anything，everything,little,few，much,none,any,some等不定代词时,只能用that.1)Hereissomething(that)Iwilltellyou.我有事要告诉你。2)Notallthatglitters（闪烁）isgold.发光的并非都是金子。3）Wehaven’tgotmuch(that)wecanofferyou.3.先行词既有人也有物时,只能用that引出从句1)Icanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepictures(that)Isaw.我清楚地记得我看到的人和照片。2)Theytalkedabouttheteachersandschools(that)theyhadvisited.4.先行词被all,every,any,no,oneof,theonly,thevery,theright,last,just等修饰，用that。例如:1）Arethereanyquestionsthattroubleyoumuch?还有你感到非常麻烦的问题吗？2）Theonlything(that)shecoulddowastogotothepoliceforhelp.她唯一能做的就是向警察求助。5.当主句已有疑问词who或which时，关系词用that1）Whichisthebike(that)youlost?2）Whoisthewomanthatwaspraisedatthemeeting?6.当关系代词在定语从句中作tobe表语时,先行词无论指人还是物，关系词用that。例如：1）Tomisn’ttheboythatheusedtobe.汤姆不再是过去的老样子了。2）Shanghaiisnolongerthecitythatitusedtobe。上海不再时往昔的上海了。7.在therebe结构中，当先行词指物时，关系词用that例句：●Thereisabookonthedesk(that)I’mveryinterestedin.桌子上有本我非常感兴趣的书。8.句子中含有两个定语从句时，其中一个词已用which,为了避免重复，一般情况，另一个宜用that.例如：●Theysecretlybuiltupasmallfactorywhichproducesthingsthatcouldcausepollution.他们悄悄建了一个小工厂，生产可能造成污染的产品。定语从句解题方法:关系词的选择1.先看先行词，确定人或物2.分析定语从句中的句子成分3.确定关系代词的人称和数4.注意that和which的特殊情况【特别提示】：关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须与先行词保持一致。如：1.Thosewhoareagainsttheplanputupyourhands.2.Tomisoneofthestudentswhowerepraisedbytheteacheryesterday.3.Tomistheonlyoneofthestudentswhowaspraisedbytheteacheryesterday.1.Thegirl__________isstandingnexttoourteacherisherdaughter.2.Thegirl_________________ourteacheristalkingwithisafamoussinger.3.Thegirl________motherisateachercanspeakEnglishverywell.4.Ican’tfindthebook____________isborrowedfromthelibrary.who/that(who/whom/that)whosewhich/that巩固练习：I.用适当的关系代词填空5.Ican’tfindthebook________________youlenttome.6.Thescientist_____________wemetyesterdayisveryfamousintheworld.7.Thedress___________sheiswearingisnew.8.Heisthekindperson______________Ihaveeverworkedwith.9.Thisisthebestfilm_______Ihaveeverseen.10.Willyoupleaselendtheverybook___________youboughtyesterday?(that/which)(whom/that/who)(th