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Grammarrevision过去分词省略虚拟语气1.作定语2.作表语4.作状语3.作宾补过去分词过去分词作状语过去分词作状语，修饰谓语，大多说明动作发生的背景或情景，表示时间、条件、原因、让步、伴随情况等。一般说来，这一结构的逻辑主语是主句的主语。a、表示时间Seenfromthespace,theearthlooksblue.=Whenitisseenfromspace,theearthlooksblue.b、表示条件Keptinrefrigerator,thesevegetableswillremainfresh.=Iftheyarekeptinrefrigerator,thesevegetableswillremainfresh.c、表示原因d、表示伴随情况e、表示让步Deeplymovedbythestory,thechildrenbegantocry.=Astheyweredeeplymoved,thechildrenbegantocry.Shewalkedoutofthehouse,followedbyherlittledaughter.=Shewalkedoutofthehouse,andwasfollowedbyherlittledaughter.Beatenbytheenemy,herefusedtoletoutthesecret.=Althoughhewasbeatenbytheenemy,herefusedtoletoutthesecret.Example:Unitedwestand,dividedwefall.=Ifweareunited,wewillstand,butifwearedivided,wewillfall.1.Askedwhathadhappened,hetoldusaboutit.2.Wellknownforhisexpertadvice,hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures.=Whenhewasaskedwhathadhappened,hetoldusaboutit.=Becausehewaswellknownforhisexpertadvice,hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures.3.Givenmoretime,wewouldbeabletodotheworkmuchbetter.4.OncetranslatedintoChinese,thebookbecameverypopularamongChineseteenagers.=Ifweweregivenmoretime,wewouldbeabletodotheworkmuchbetter.=OnceitwastranslatedintoChinese,thebookbecameverypopularamongChineseteenagers.5.Deeplyinterestedinmedicine,shedecidedtobecomeadoctor.6.Leftaloneathome,Samdidnotfeelafraidatall.=Asshewasdeeplyinterestedinmedicine,shedecidedtobecomeadoctor.=Althoughhewasleftaloneathome,Samdidnotfeelafraidatall.CompleteeachsentenceusingthePastParticipleoftherightverb:build,frighten,trap,follow,shoot,see,examine1.__________bynoisesinthenight,thegirlnolongerdaredtosleepinherroom.2.Theladyreturnedhome,_______bytwopolicemen.3.Afterhavingbeen__________carefully,theroomwaslockedagain.4.______in1949,theexhibitionhallisover50yearsold.5._____fromadistance,theOperaHouselookslikeshipsails.6.If_____inaburningbuilding,youshouldsendforhelp.7.Although_______intheleg,hecontinuedfiringatthepolice.FrightenedfollowedexaminedBuiltSeentrappedshot过去分词1.作状语___inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.A.LosingB.HavinglostC.LostD.ToloseC1.该题考查过去分词作状语的用法。动词-ing或过去分词作状语,其逻辑主语应是主句主语。2.“陷入深思”有两种表达法，A.LoseoneselfinthoughtB.belostinthought按句子提供的语境可用结构B.________areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.A.NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.HavingnotreceivedCBefore_____,themachinemustbechecked.A.beingusedB.usingitC.beingusedtoD.usingA____betterattention,thevegetablescouldhavegrownbetterwiththesunshiningbrightlyintheskyand____themlight.A.Giving;givenB.Given;givenC.Giving;givingD.Given;givingD知识要点：倒装句（Inversion）英语的基本语序是“主语+谓语”。如果将谓语的全部或一部分放在主语之前，这种语序称为“倒装”一、倒装的类型完全倒装整个谓语移至主语之前。Outrushedthestudentstowelcometheforeignfriends.学生们涌出去欢迎外国朋友。部分倒装只把系动词，情态动词，助动词或表语放在主语之前。Seldomdoeshegotoschoollate.他上学很少迟到。二、倒装结构的基本用法疑问句中“therebe”结构中在以here,there,now,then,in,away,updown等副词开头的句子中直接引语的全部或一部分放在句首时副词only放在句首时含有否定意义的副词或连词放在句首时副词so在句首在以neithernor或nomore开头的句子中在强调表语或状语的句子中Hereisaletterforyou.这儿有你一封信。Theregoesthebell.铃响了。Nowcomesyourturntoplay.现在轮到你玩了。Awaywentthecrowdonebyone.人们一个一个地离去。Look,therehecomes!看，他来了。Downshewent她下来了。使用完全倒装结构。但如果主语是代词则用正常语序。在以here,there,now,then,in,away,updown等副词开头的句子中back在以neithernor或nomore开头的句子中Ican’tswim,nor(neither)canshe.我不会游泳，她也不会。Hehasn’tbeentothecountryside,neitherdoeshewanttogothere.他没有去过农村，他也不想去那里。Hedidnotturnup.Nomoredidhiswife.他没有来，他妻子也没有来。back直接引语的全部或一部分放在句首时主句主语和谓语次序颠倒，用完全倒装。但如果主句主语为代词时或谓语部分比主语长，一般不用倒装。1.“Whatdoyouthinkofthefilm?”heasked.他问“你认为这部电影怎么样？”2.“I’mleavingforHongKongnextmonth.”Marytoldmeyesterday.玛利告诉我“我下月要去香港”。back副词so在句首表示前面所说的情况也适合于另一个人或另一事物的肯定句中。如果后面的句子只是单纯重复前句的意思，不表示也适用于另一人或事，则不用倒装结构。A:Theteacheraskedyoutovisitherafterclass.B:SoIdid.back副词only放在句首时only起强调作用，其句型为“only+状语+部分倒装”。注意：如果含有从句时，只要求主句倒装：例：Onlyafterhehadspokenouttheworddidherealizethathehadmadeabigmistake.（只有当他已经说出那个字后才意识到自己犯了个大错误。）如置于句首的only修饰主语，则不用倒装结构。back含有否定意义的副词或连词放在句首时常用否定词有：never,not,hardly,scarcely,seldom,little,notuntil,notonly…butalso,nosooner…than,hardly(scarcely)…when等。一般主句用部分倒装结构。LittledidIthinkthathecouldbebackalive.我没有想到他竟能活着回来。back在强调表语或状语的句子中SuchwasAlbertEinstein,asimplemanofgreatachievements.阿尔伯特·曼因斯坦就是这样一个人，一个纯朴而又取得巨大成就的人。Suchislife.生活就是这样。Inthemiddleoftheroomstoodalittlegirl.在房间中央站着一个小女孩。表语或状语提前，不仅为了强调，而且为了使句子结构达到平衡协调，或使上下文紧密衔接。backEllipsisGrammarELLIPSIS(省略）1.Uponarrival,myunclehuggedPompyand(?)triedtogivehimcourage.2.Thencameasmellofsulphur,andthen(?)flames.myunclecameWhichwordswereleftoutattheplaceofthequestionmark(?)inthetwosentencesbelow?简单句中的省略1、省略主语:祈使句中主语通常省略；其它省略主语多限于少数现成的说法。(1):(I)Thankyouforyourhelp.(2):(I)Seeyoutomorrow.(3):(It)soundslikeagoodidea.(4):(I)Begyourpardon.简单句中的省略2、省略主谓或主谓语的一部分.(1):(Thereis)Nosmoking.(2):(Willyou)Haveasmoke?(3):(youcome)Thisway,please.1.(I)Haven’tseenyouforages.2.(It)Soundslikeagoodidea.3.(Iam)Sorrytohearthat.4.(walk)thisway,please!5.(Wouldyoulike)Joiningusforawalk.6.(Wouldyoulike)Somemoretea?7.(It)Doesn’tmatter.8.(Itisa)Pityyoucouldn’tcome.9.(What/Such)Terribleweather!10.(Areyou)Goingtothesupermarket?DoExercise2简单句中的省略3、在对话或并列句中，如果主语，谓语不同，而宾语相同，则