搜索
Unit12Languageitems1.Tomakealiving,Vernehadtowriteandsellstories.makealiving“谋生”/makeone’sliving/earnone’slivingliving“生计,营生,收入,职业”Hemakesalivingbyteaching.她以种花为生.Sheearnsherlivingbygrowingflower.拓展:living[U]“活;生存;生活”贫困国家的生活水平很低.Thestandardoflivinginpoorcountriesisverylow.他们是生活简朴的榜样.Theysetanexampleofplainliving.2.spendsometimeonsth.(in)doingsth.Ittakessometimetodosth.sb.payssomemoneyforsth.sth.costssb.somemoney3.Apply的用法Nowagraduatecanapplytotheschoolforascholarship.Peoplecanapplytheresultofthisresearchtonewdevelopmentsintechnology.Weneedapplyanewmethod._____________________________apply:1.vi申请，请求applytosbforsth_________2.vt把…运用于applysthtosth_____3.vt运用，应用applied:adj应用的，实用的appliedmathemticsapplicantn.申请者applicationn.申请书4.ManyoftheinstrumentsinhisnovelswillremindthereaderofDrBenjaminFranklin’sexperimentswithelectricity.(1)remind“使人想起;提醒”remindsb.ofsth.有人提醒我不要忘了我的承诺.Iwasremindedofmypromise.拓展:①remindsb.that她提醒我还没浇花SheremindedmethatIhadn’twateredtheflowers.②remindsb.todo我提醒他要用功Iremindedhimtoworkhard.比较:remember“想起;记得”在我的印象中,他是个小淘气鬼Irememberhimasanaughtylittleboy.我不记得怎么使用这台机器Idon’trememberhowtooperatethismachine.5.Bytakingthescientificdevelopmentsofhisdayonestepfurther,JulesVernelaidthefoundationofmodernsciencefiction.(1)由bydoing…引导的动名词短语作状语，表示一种手段或方式，“通过；用；由于”Youhavetoproveyourselfapromisingstudentbyaction.(2)foundationn.1.创立，建立2.地基，基础3.基金会Heleftmoneyforthefoundationforamusicschool.Youmaybeabletogetsupportfromanartsfoundation.Abuildingmustbelaidonafirmfoundation.laythefoundationof打下…的基础，奠定…的基础Theherohaslaidthefoundationofthenewcountry.HistenyearsinAmericalaidthefoundationofhiscareer.6.Healsosuggestedhowinventionscouldbeused…suggest:“提议”我建议大家乘火车去那里如何?MayIsuggestgoingtherebytrain?我建议他应该参加俱乐部活动Isuggestedtohimthatheshouldjointheclubactivities拓展:①suggest“透漏;暗示”从他的语调可以看出,他对那个问题并不关心Histonesuggestedhisindifferencetothematter.②suggest“使想起”“黑”这个单词使你联想到什么?Whatdoestheword“black”suggesttoyou?7.longbefore/beforelongbeforelong不久以后longbefore很久以前1.BeforelonghewenttoBeijingandfoundajobthere.2.Hewillbebackbeforelong.重要句型Itis/was/will+not+longbefore+从句Itwasn’tlongbeforehecameback.Itwon’tbelongbeforehecomesbacktoChina.8.Sb.isbelieved/reported/saidtodo/tohavedonesth.=Itisbelieved/reported/saidthat….•Maryisbelievedtoknowthetruth.•=ItisbelievedthatMaryknowthetruth.•Heissaidtohavestudiedabroad.•=Itissaidthathehasstudiedabroad.•Tenpeoplearereportedtohavediedintheaccident.•=Itisreportedthattenpeoplediedintheaccident.9.…inthecollisionthatfollows,thethreecompanionsarethrownoverboard.(1)collision“冲突;相撞”公共汽车与轿车相撞acollisionbetweenabusandacar=acollisionofabuswithacar正面冲突ahead-oncollision(2)thethreecompanions:the表明“船上总共有三个人”这个老人的三个儿子在战争中都丧身了.Thethreesonsoftheoldmanwerekilledinthewar.如不加the,则说明总数可能不止三个他班上有三个学生正计划着乘飞机去意大利.ThreestudentsinhisclassareplanningtoflytoItaly.10.CaptainNemotakesthemonavoyageacrosstheocean.voyage“航行,航海,乘船旅行”他正在回航途中Heisnowonthevoyagehome.他正在作环游世界的航行Heismakingavoyagearoundtheworld.Travel是一般用语Trip短途旅行tour11.Bytakingthescientificdevelopmentsofhisdayonestepfurther,JuliaVernelaidfoundationofmodernsciencefiction.1)by:prep说明手段或者方法,意思是“通过,用,以,由于”,其后常跟名词或v-ing你必须用行动来说明这个想法Youhavetoexpressthethoughtbyaction.他通过整夜练习,自学拉小提琴.Hetaughthimselftoplaytheviolinbypracticingallnight.2)tolayfoundationof…奠定……的基础他在美国待了十年,这奠定了他事业的基础.HistenyearsinAmericalaidthefoundationofhiscareer.12.Atthebeginningof20,000LeaguesUndertheSea,oneofhismostfamousnovels,shipsaredisappearingallovertheworldanditisbelievedtobecausedbyaseamonster.shipsaredisappearing这里现在进行时并不是表示现在正在进行的动作或正在发生的事情.而是表示经常性的动作,这是现在进行时的一个重要用法,一般表示说话人的某种情绪.你老是把衣服仍在地板上!Youarealwaysleavingyourclothesonthefloor!你老打断我的话.Youarealwaysinterruptingme.她老是帮助别人Sheisalwayshelpingpeople.她老是改变主意Sheisconstantlychanginghermind.1３.DrAronnax,hisservantandaCanadianwhalehuntersetouttofindthemonster.1)setouttodosth.(带着目的)开始做某事,她决定要打破路上速度的世界纪录.Shesetouttobreaktheworldlandspeedrecord.2)setout从某地出发上路她天一亮就动身了.Shesetoutatdawn.setup成立，建立setfoot(in)踏上setaside放到一边储蓄besetin以．．．为背景比较：setabout＋doingsth开始做Hesetaboutarrangingtheclasses.setoff/out+todosth/forsomeplace1４.Intheireffortstosurvive,theyfindthemselvesonthesurfaceofthemonsteritself,whichturnsouttobeasubmarine.(1)turnouttobesb./sth.证明是某人(某事物);原来是这工作结果比我们想的要难.Thejobturnedouttobeharderthanwethought.她原来是我妹妹的朋友.Sheturnedouttobeafriendofmysister.=Itturnedoutthatshewasafriendofmysister.(2)intheirefforts:in表示”正在进行的动作或状态”他总是在行动中Heisalwaysinaction.在这件事情上我们的意见看来是一致的.Weseemtobeinagreementonthematter.当我们到来时,她正在打电话Whenwearrivedshewasengagedinatelephoneconversation.sparenoefforttodosth.makeeveryefforttodosth.1５.Dressedindivingsuits,theywalkaroundinthismagicworldaroundinthismagicworld,lightedbythelampsoftheship.Dressedindivingsuits及lightedbythelampsoftheship过去分词作状语1)过去分词词组作状语从远处看,这座岛屿就像云彩.Viewedfromadistance,theislandlookedlikeacloud.他出身于贫穷的家庭,只上过两年学Bornintoapoorfamily,hehadonlytwoyearsofschooling..按普通标准看,她是可靠的Judgedbytheordinarystandard,shewasreliable.2)有些过去分词可单独作状语他情绪低沉地去看他姐姐.Depressed,hewenttoseehiseldersister.他失望地转身离开Heturnedawaydisappointed.3)过去分词有时和连词一起用,这种情况接近于状语从句的紧缩形式.尽管是战前制