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Lesson1GlobalWarmingAppreciationofafilmtrailerWordspreviewconsensusbeyondclaimrelevantraybouncepinn.一致的意见prep.超出vt.声称adj.有关的n.光线vi.反弹vt.固定agriculturecoincidencecondemndroughtfederalreservationsacrificeWordspreviewn.农业n.巧合vt.宣判死刑,注定毁灭n.旱灾adj.联邦的n.保留,存疑vt.,vi.牺牲,献出advocaterecyclesubstitutethreatenpancakehurricaneWordspreviewvt.主张,提倡vt.回收利用n.代替品,代用品vt.威胁n.薄煎饼n.飓风Expressionspreviewbeyondone’scontrollookaheadrefertointurnleadtotakeactionaheadof超出……的控制，不受……的控制展望未来指,意即依次引起,导致采取行动在……前面Lookatthepicturesandwhatdoyouknowaboutglobalwarming.ThegreenhouseeffectistheriseintemperaturethattheEarthexperiencesbecausecertaingasesintheatmosphere(watervapor,carbondioxide,nitrousoxide,andmethane,forexample)trapenergyfromthesun.Withoutthesegases,heatwouldescapebackintospaceandEarth’saveragetemperaturewouldbeabout60ºFcolder.Becauseofhowtheywarmourworld,thesegasesarereferredtoasgreenhousegases.TheGreenhouseEffectTheGreenhouseEffectWithoutthisgreenhouseheating,theEarth'saveragetemperaturewouldbeonlyabout-73C(-100F);eventheoceanswouldbefrozenundersuchconditions,suchastheMoonandtheMars.MarsMoonWhatAreGreenhouseGases?Somegreenhousegasesoccurnaturallyintheatmosphere,whileothersresultfromhumanactivities.Naturallyoccurringgreenhousegasesincludewatervapor,carbondioxide,methane,nitrousoxide,andozone.Certainhumanactivities,however,addtothelevelsofmostofthesenaturallyoccurringgases.Owingtotheriseinatmosphericcarbondioxidecausedbymodernindustrialsocieties'widespreadcombustionoffossilfuels(coal,oil,andnaturalgas),thegreenhouseeffectonEarthmaybeintensifiedandlong-termclimaticchangesmayresult.ReadingBeforeyoustartWhichcountriesdoyouthinkcontributemoretoglobalwarning?a)developedcountriesb)developingcountriesmoreindustryandtechnologyWhateffectwillglobalwarminghaveontheseaandthelivingthingsinthesea?Whatwillhappenwithglobalwarming?WillglobalwarmingaffectthelifeofNorthPolarBear?Whatwillhappentopenguinsbecauseofglobalwarming?Readthetextandanswerthesequestions.1)Whatisglobalwarming?GlobalwarmingreferstoanaverageincreaseintheEarth’stemperaturethat,inturn,leadstoclimatechange.2)Whathumanactivitiesarecausingglobalwarming?Industry,agriculture,thecuttingdownofforests,theincreaseintransportandtheburningoffuelsarecausingglobalwarming.3)Byhowmuchhastheglobalaveragetemperatureincreasedinthelast100years?By1ºF(OnedegreeFahrenheit)4)AregreenhousegasesnecessaryforlifeonEarth?Yes,theyare.BecausetheytrapheatfromthesunintheEarth’satmosphere.OtherwisetheEarthwouldbecoldandunsuitableforlife.5)Howcanwehelpsolvetheproblemofglobalwarming?Wecanmakesmallchangesliketakingpublictransport,recycling,usinglow-flowshowerheads,buyinglightbulbsthatuselessenergy,usingrecycledpaperandswitchingoffthelightswhenweleavearoom.6)Whatarethewould-beconsequencesofglobalwarming?Itwillcausemorefrequentflooding,heatwavesanddroughts.Andseriousdiseaseswillspreadandindustriesthatrelyonnaturesuchasfishingwillbebadlyaffected.Itwillcausethepolaricetomelt,raisingsealevels,andfloodingmanyislandsandcities.Whatwillyoudoeverydaytohelpreducegreenhousegases?Insomecases,itonlytakesalittlechangeinlifestyleandbehaviortomakesomebigchangesingreenhousegasreductions.Forothertypesofactions,thechangesaremoresignificant.Whenthatactionismultipliedbythe1.3billionpeopleinChinaorthe6billionpeopleworldwide,thesavingsaresignificant.Takingpublictransportlikebusescanreducegreenhousegasemissions.Andtakingtraincanalsohelpareductionofgreenhousegas.TherecyclingsymbolBuytherecycledproductsRecycledproductsRecyclingthebottlesPaperrecyclingyourpapercouldbecomepartofaroadorrace-trackusinglow-flowshowerheadsbuyingenergy-efficientlightbulbsreplacewithLanguagepoints1.ScientistshavereportedthathumanbeingsarecausingchangesintheEarth’sclimate---something_________seenas_________________.previouslybeyondourcontrolbeyond在那边/超出……的范围Thisbookonliteratureisbeyondourreach.Thisbicycleisbeyondrepair.2.TheyclaimthatgasespumpedintotheEarth’satmospherebythefactoriesandvehicleshavebeenspeedinguptheprocessofglobalwarmingandaffectingourclimate.Whatisthefunctionoftheunderlinedpart“pumped…vehicles”?Itisusedasattributive(定语).speedup反义:slowdownaffecthaveabadeffectonsth.3.Globalwarming________anaverageincreaseintheEarth’stemperaturethat,inturn,_______climatechange.referstoleadsto1)referto提到,谈到Don’tworry.Idon’tthinkthemanagerreferredtoyou.Promisemenottorefertothematteragain.2)leadto(1)通向Thisroadleadstothelibrary.(2)leadto=resultin=bringaboutThefightledtotheirdivorce.4.increase…by…增加了…increase…to…增加到…Thetemperatureoftheroomisincreasedby12ºC,thatis,thetemperatureoftheroomisincreasedto29ºC.Cf:reduce…by…/reduce…to…riseby/riseto5.insist:(1)urgeinaforciblemanner坚决主张,坚决要求e.g.HeinsistedI(should)gowiththem.=Heinsistedonmygoingwiththem.6.release:(1)allowtogo;setfree释放Whencoalisburning,itwillreleasealotofcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere.(2)allow(news/films)tobeknownorpublished发布,发行Thenewshasbeenreleased.7.quantity:(1)thepropertyofthingswhichcanbemeasured,e.g.size,weight,number.物质的属性,量e.g.Ipreferqualitytoquantity.(2)amount,sumornumber数量e.g.We’vehadquantitiesofrainthissummer.今年夏天