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高考语法专题TheAttributiveClause定语从句讲与练E-mail：tdh1971@126.com定语从句(1)2011高考真题例析定语从句概念关系词题型归类解析解题技巧点拨高考真题检测定语从句分类、用法区别特殊情况的定语从句只用that作关系代词的情况只用which作关系代词的情况介词+关系代词易混的定语从句as引导的定语从句定语从句主谓一致定语从句(2)◆高考真题◆(2011全国卷I)31.Theprizewillgotothewriter________storyshowsthemostimagination.A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.what（2011全国卷II）7.TedcamefortheweekendwearingonlysomeshortsandaT-shirt,____isastupidthingtodoinsuchweather.A.thisB.thatC.whatD.which（2011北京卷）26.MarywasmuchkindertoJackthanshewastotheothers,_________,ofcourse,makealltheothersupset.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.that◆高考真题◆（2011安徽卷）28.Whateverisleftovermaybeputintotherefrigerator,_____itwillkeepfortwoorthreeweeks.A.whenB.whichC.whereD.while（2011福建卷）24.Shehasagiftforcreatinganatmosphereforherstudents____allowsthemtocommunicatefreelywitheachother.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.who定语从句：三大从句之一名词性从句（4）•主语从句•宾语从句•表语从句•同位语从句定语从句（2）•限制性定语从句•非限制性定语从句状语从句（9）•时间状语从句•地点状语从句•原因状语从句三大从句•目的状语从句•结果状语从句•条件状语从句•让步状语从句·比较状语从句•方式状语从句●什么是定语从句？用来说明主句中某一名词或代（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫作定语从句。特点:“句子作定语”。•LiMingisaboy.•LiMingisagoodboy.•LiMingisagoodboy•形容词作定语•介词短语作定语goodwithglasseswhoiswearingglasses.•句子作定语●定语从句作用：相当于形容词，在句中作定语，修饰名词或代词。位置：定语从句通常置于所修饰词后。构成：先行词+关系词+句子先行词：定语从句修饰的前面的词(词组或句子)。关系词：引导定语从句的词称为关系词。●定语从句构成：先行词+关系词+句子e.g.Thegirlwhowearsadressisverylovely.先行词______________________关系词___定语从句关系词关系副词（3个）关系代词（6个）who、whom(指人)which（指物）Whose（表所属关系）that、as（指人或物）when,where,why（做状语）注意：1.关系词没有what；2.that有时也做关系副词3.as用法初中不作要求•关系词三个作用①连接作用，引导定语从句。②代替主句中的先行词，甚至可能是主句中的一部分或者整个主句。③在定语从句中充当一句子成分。•先行词是人，关系代词用who、that、whom、whose，在从句中作主语、宾语、定语。•主语：Heistalkingtothegirlwearsaredcoat.•宾语（可省略）：Thisisthethiefwehavebeenlookingfor.Sheisthewomanwearespeaking.•定语：Doyouknowthemancarwasstolen?who/thattowhomwhose•先行词是物，关系代词用who、that、whose，在从句中作主语、宾语、定语。•主语Footballisagameispopularwithmostboys.•宾语(可省略)：Thisthepenheboughtyesterday.•定语：Thehousewindowsarebrokenismine.that/whichwhose(which/that)注意：whose作定语,表示所属关系，即表示某人的，也表示某物的。Theboyfatherisapolicemanismyclassmate.Thehousewindowisbrokenismine.（whose=thehouse’swindow）Thehouseismine.thewindowofwhichisbrokenofwhichthewindowisbrokenWhoseWhose1.Theboy____________isplayingping-pongismyclassmate.2.Thee-mail___________Ireceivedyesterdaywasfrommysister.3.Ihatepeople______________talkmuchbutdolittle.4.Thecar_____________myfatherboughtlastmonthisverybeautiful.who/thatwhich/thatwho/thatwhich/thatExercise1.5.Theman______hairiswhiteishisgrandfather.6.Isthereastudent_________fatherisabusinessman?7.Thisisthehousein________wehavelivedfor10years.8.I’veneverheardofthepeopleandthings________youtalkedaboutjustnow.whosewhosewhichthat当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.关系副词：when/where/whywhen作时间状语（=介词+which）where作地点状语（=介词+which）why作原因状语（=forwhich）e.g.1）Shewillneverforgetthedayshewasmarried.2）ItwastheyeartheWorldWarIbrokeout.3）IwanttoknowtheplaceIwasborn.4）Thetablesheissittingisanewone.5）ThatisthereasonI’mlate.6)Iknowthereasonhesaidit.Where(=atwhich)Why(=forwhich)When(=onwhich)When(=inwhich)Where(=inwhich)Exercise2.1.Iloveplaces______thepeoplearereallyfriendly.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.who2.Isthatthereason_____youarefortheplan.A.whichB.whatC.whyD.forthat3.October1,1949istheday_____thePRCwasfounded.A.whichB.whenC.thatD.onthat4.Isthistheplace______youwerebornin?A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that定语从句关系词小结物人状语定语宾语主语关系词物人状语定语宾语主语关系词that/whothat/whichthat/whichthat/who/whomwhose+n./the+n.+ofwhich/ofwhich+the+n.WhenWhereWhy（=介词+关系词）解题技巧点拨确定关系词的步骤（两看）：1.看先行词，再找关系词。先行词是指人还是物，指人可以用who、whom、that，whose（某人的）；先行词指物用that、which，whose（某物的）或用关系副词。e.g.WhichIwenttotheplaceIvisitedtenyearsago.解题技巧点拨2.看关系词在从句充当的成分。关系词在从句中指人作主语，用who、that，不可省略；作宾语用who、whom、that，可省略。先行词在从句中指物作主语、宾语用that、which；作定语用whose；作状语则用关系副词。e.g.IwenttotheplaceIworkedtenyearsago.Where/inwhich◆高考真题◆•（2011山东卷）32.Theoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhouses_____arebuiltclosetoeachother.A.theyB.whereC.whatD.that•（2011江西卷）34.Sheshowedthevisitorsaroundthemuseum,theconstruction_____hadtakenmorethanthreeyears.A.forwhichB.withwhichC.ofwhichD.towhich•（2011江苏卷）24.Betweenthetwopartsoftheconcertisaninterval,_______theaudiencecanbuyice-cream.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which（2011浙江卷）8.Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,eachof____usesitsomewhatdifferently.A.whichB.whatC.themD.those（2011浙江卷）10.Abankistheplace______theylendyouanumbrellainfairweatherandaskforitbackwhenitbeginstorain.A.whenB.thatC.whereD.there(2011湖南卷)25.JuliewasgoodatGerman,FrenchandRussian,allof_________shespokefluently.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.that（2011四川卷）17.Theschoolshop,________customersaremainlystudents,isclosedaftertheholidays.A.whichB.whoseC.whenD.where（2011天津卷）10.Thedaysaregone____physicalstrengthwasallyouneededtomakealiving.A.whenB.thatC.whereD.which（2011陕西卷）11.Iwalkeduptothetopofthehillwithmyfriend,__________weenjoyedasplendidviewofthelake.A.whichB.whereC.whoD.that定语从句分类、用法区别特殊情况的定语从句只能用that做关系代词的情况只能用which做关系代词的情况介词+关系代词易混的定语从句as引导的定语从句定语从句主谓一致定语从句(2)指人指物主语宾语thatwhichwhowhom•关系代词的用法复习•√•√•√•√•√•√•√•√•√•√•√•√•×•×•×•×•关系代词在从句中可以：•何时可以省略？•做宾语时可以省略●定语从句分类•定语从句TheRestrictiveAttributiveClause限制性定语从句TheNon-Restrictiv