高二英语课件高二英语定语从句高二英语课件

TheAttributiveClauseFiveRelativePronouns关系代词that人或物主/宾which物主/宾who人主/宾whom人宾whose人或物定注：whose+n=of+which或of+whom+the+nIknowtheboywhosemotherisateacher.=Iknowtheboyofwhomthemotherisateacher.注意whose后直接加名词。ThreeRelativeAdverbs关系副词why=forwhich原因状语when=in/on/at/during/…which时间状语where=in/on/at….which地点状语注：1.关系副词有时可以用介词＋which代替2.选择关系代词还是关系副词的关键在于要判断得出先行词在定语从句中充当什么成分。如：试比较：Iwillneverforgettheyearwhichwespenttogether.Iwillneverforgettheyearinwhich\whenweworktogether.1)Pleaseputtheletteronthedeskwhere/onwhichhecaneasilyfinditwhereThisisthefactorywhichIvisitedyesterday.Thisisthefactorytowhich\whereIpaidavisit.2)Thisisthefactorywhere(inwhich)myfatheronceworked.试比较：Thisisthereasonwhy/forwhichhedidn'tcometothemeeting.whyThisisthereasonwhyhewaslate.Thisisthereasonwhich\thathegavetome试比较：若引导词作介词的宾语，介词可以提前构成介词+引导词的形式Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?Theman(whom)InoddedtoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomInoddedisMr.Li.注意这时引导词指人只能用whom，指物只能用which特殊情况考点一：介词的提前如果定语从句中的介词短语是固定搭配，则介词不能提前eg:1)HeisthemanwhoIamlookingfor.2)HeisthemanwhoIamlookingafter.3)HeisthemanwhoIamlookingat.考点一：介词的提前Canyouworkthemout????????Fillintheblankswithproperprepositions:1.Thesungivesusheatandlight,________whichwecan’tlive.2.Thestudent________whomweweretalkingjustnowisthebeststudentinourclass.3.I’llneverforgettheday_____whichshesaidgood-byetome.4.Whocangivemethereason______whichhehasn’tturnedupyet?withoutaboutonfor关系代词前介词的确定1.非限制性定语从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可用“数词/代词+of+关系代词”的结构，如：e.g.1)Thereare50studentsinourclass,two-thirdsofwhomhavebeentoBeijing.2)Hehasthreesons,allofwhomareteacher2.Whose从句可转换为“of+关系代词”型，如：e.g.Theyliveinahouse,whosedooropenstothesouth.Theylivedinahouse,thedoorofwhichopentothesouth.Theylivedinahouse,ofwhichthedooropenstothesouth.关系代词前介词的确定考点二：that和which的区别限制性定语从句中只能用that引导定语从句的情况1．当先行词是everything,anything,nothing,all,none,few,little,some等代词时，或当先行词受every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等代词修饰时。如：HaveyoutakendowneverythingthatMr.Lisaid?Thereseemstobenothingthatisimpossibletohimintheworld.Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.ThereislittlethatIcandoforyou.注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who，如：Anymanthat/whohasasenseofdutywon’tdosuchathing.2．当先行词被序数词修饰时。ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedinLondonwastheBigBen.3．当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.4．当先行词被thevery,theonly修饰时。ThisistheverydictionarythatIwanttobuy.Afterthefireinhishouse,theoldcaristheonlythingthatheowns.注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who。如：Tomistheonlypersoninourschoolwhowillattendthemeeting.5．当先行词前面有who,which等疑问代词时。Whoisthemanthatisstandingbythegate?WhichistheT-shirtthatfitsmemost?6．当先行词为人与动物或人与物时。Theytalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthattheyrememberedatschool***当关系词后面有插入语时，用which引导定语从句。如：HereistheEnglishgrammarbookwhich,asIhavetoldyou,willhelptoimproveyourEnglish.***先行词本身是that时，一般用which引导定语从句。如：Thepredicateisthatwhichissaidofthesubject.1.Thisisall____Iknowaboutthematter.A.thatB.whatC.whoD.whether2Isthereanythingelse_____youwant?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what3.Thelastplace_____wevisitedwastheGreatWall.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it4.Pleasetakethesecondchair_______isoverthere.A.whereB.whichC.whoD.that5.Isoxygentheonlygas_____helpsfireburn?A.thatB./C.whichD.it6.Finally,thethiefhandedeverything_____hehadstolentothepolice（NMET98’)A.whichB.whatC.whateverD.thate.g.Heboughtabookthatcouldgivehimmuchknowledgeandwhichcouldhelphimtokillthetime.b.引导非限制性定语从句时；a.引导词前有介词时；c.一个句子中若有两个定语从句，一个用that引导，另一个用which引导；只用which，不用that的情况：考点三：as与which引导的定语从句两者均可引导定语从句，但下列情况多用as。当与such或thesame连用时，一般用as。e.g.1)Suchbooksasyougavemeareinteresting.2)Ihavethesameplanasyou.注意：当先行词受thesame修饰时，也可以用that引导定语从句，但与as引导的定语从句意思有区别ThisisthesameknifeasIlost.（相似）ThisisthesameknifethatIlost.（同一样东西关系代词as和which引导的定语从句1.as和which都可以在定语从句中做主语或宾语，代表前面整个句子。Hemarriedher,as/whichwasnatural.Heishonest,as/whichwecansee.2.as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前、主句之后，甚至还可以分割主句。which引导的非限制性定语从句只可放在主句之后。另外，as常常有“正如、正像”的含义。Asisknowntoall,Chinaisadevelopingcountry.Heisfromthesouth,aswecanknowfromhisaccent.John,asyouknow,isafamouswriter.TomhasbeentoParismorethantentimes,whichIdon’tbelieve.注意：当主句和从句之间存在着逻辑上的因果关系时，关系词往往只用which。Tomwaslateforschoolagainandagain,whichmadehisteacherveryangry.Thesetablesaremadeofmetal,whichmadethemveryheavy.注意：当先行词受thesame修饰时，也可以用that引导定语从句，但与as引导的定语从句意思有区别ThisisthesameknifeasIlost.（相似）ThisisthesameknifethatIlost.（同一样东西考点四：注：当先行词是way（方式方法）时，根据英语的习惯常用that和inwhich来引导定语从句，而且也常常省略；另外当先行词是time（次），其前面用序数词修饰时，根据英语的习惯常用that来代替forwhich来引导定语从。如：1)Thisisthefirsttime(that)weshallseeanEnglishfilm.2)Theway(that)wediditverysimple.（1）TherearetwoboysinPeter's，bothof_______arewhite．（2）TherearetwoboysinPeter‘s，andbothof______arewhite．易混淆句型训练（1）Johnisoneofthestudentswho_____English．（2）Johnistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_____English．knowknowswhich/thatthem1.Isthisthemuseum_______youvisitedlastyear.2.Isthismuseum_________youvisitedlastyear.whomtheone(that)1.Haveyouvisitedthehouse______thefamouswriterwasborn.A.inthatB.whereC.whenD.onwhich2.Doyoustillremembertheday________wefirstmet?A.thatB.onthatC.whereD.when3.Ishallneverforgetthosedays_____Ilivedinthecountrywiththefarm