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设计制作刘世岩一、whatabout与howabout用这两个短语放在句首的简略问句，都可以用来表示征求意见或询问情况。两者可以互换，但有时不能，whatabout也有别的用法和解释。例如：WhataboutgoingtoHarbintomorrow?=HowaboutgoingtoHarbintomorrow?Whataboutthefunding?Wherearewegoingtogetit?=Howaboutthefunding?Wherearewegoingtogetit?注意whatabout有别的用法和解释。例如：Whataboutit?=Whatshallwedo?Whatabouttheothers(Concerningtheothers,whatisyourplanoridea?别的人怎么办？（至于别人，人有什么打算或意见？）Whataboutit?(Tellmemorepreciselywhatyoumean.)这是怎么回事？（把你的意思明确的地告诉我。）二、whatif,whatof和whatfor这三个短语的用法和含义各不相同。Whatif表示“倘若……将会怎样？即使……又有什么关系呢？”；whatof表示“……的情况怎样？……又有什么重要性呢？；whatfor为何目的？为什么？。例如：Whatifitrainswhileweareout?倘若我们外出遇上下雨，那怎么办呢？Whatofit?那有什么了不起呢？（那又怎么样呢？）Well,andwhatofit?(Ithasnoimportance.)嗯，那又怎么样呢？（怎么，那有什么了不起？）Whatfordidyouaskthatsillyquestion?Nowhe’sgoingtospeakforanothertenminutes.你干吗要问那个愚蠢的问题？这一来他又得说上十分钟。Whatdidyoudothatfor?三、what作thethingthat或asmuch…as解。What作关系代词，其作用相当于thething或peoplethat，请比较：=ThisisjustthebookthatIhavebeenlookingforwardto.ThethingthatIlikemostinherisherkindness.=WhatIlikemostinherisherkindness.Theupstartisnotwhathewastenyearsago.=Theupstartisnotthemanthatwastenyearsago.这个暴发户已经不是十年前那个人了。四、What作关系形容词，其作用相当于asmuch…as,whatever。请比较：Shewillgivethesickbabywhatcareshecan.=Shewillgivethesickbabyasmuchcareasshecan.Lendmewhatmoneyyouhaveonhand.五、What…is或What…are当what引导的从句作主语时，谓语动词要根据表语的内容判断。请比较：WhatIneedmostaretwobooks.WhatIneedmostisonlyonebook.六、whatis＋形容词或副词比较级常用的短语有：whatismore而且；whatwasworse更糟糕的是；whatisbetter而且更可贵的是；whatisthebestofall最难能可贵的是，whatismoreimportant更重点的是；whatismoredisappointing而且更令人失望的是等等。例如：Shesaidit,andwhatismoredisappointing,shedid.她那样说了，而且更使人失望的是，她还那样做了。And,whatmakesthematterworse,shehasalreadytakentosmoking.而且，更糟糕的是，她已经迷上吸烟了。七、Whatis…like?和Whatdoes…like?前者like是介词,答语是形容词；而后者like是动词其答语是名词。例如：Whatisyoursisterlike?Sheisveryclever.Whatdoesshelike?Shelikespicturebooks.八、Whatishelike?和Whatishe?前者指外貌和品行等,其答语用形容词；而后考则指职业，其答语是职业名词。例如：Whatwasheliketenyearsago?Veryhonest.Whatwashetenyearsago?Ateacher.九、What+名词和what+little的区别。前者表示：“所有的都”；而后者表示：“虽少但全部”。请比较：Shesavedwhatlittlemoneyshecouldoutofherslimsalarytohelpherbrothergotoschool.她从她微薄的薪金中尽量省出一些来帮助她兄弟上学。Shegavehersisterwhatbooksshehad.她把她所有的书都给她妹妹了。十、whattodo在句子中可作主语、宾语、表语等。例如：Whattodonexthasnotbeendecided.Idon’tknowwhattodowiththeseuseddesks.十一、Whatoneis和whatonehas的区别前者指一个人的品质或特征；而后者指一个人的财富。请比较：Imarriedyounotforwhatyouhavebutforwhatyouare.我嫁给你不是为了你的财富，而是看上了你的人品。十二、whatwith…andwhatwith…和whatby…andwhatby…两者表示：“一半由于……一半由于；一方面由于……一方面由于”。例如：Whatwithhardworkandwhatwithtakingtoolittlecareofhimself,ourheadmastercametoleavethisworldattheageoffifty.一半由于工作太累，一半由于太不关心自己，所以我们的校长五十岁就去世了。十三、whatever和nomatterwhat区别引导让步状语从句时，二者没有区别，但whatever可引导名词性从句也可以作限定词，而nomatterwhat不能。请比较：Whateveryoudo,youmustdoitwell.=Nomatterwhatyoudo,youmustdoitwell.Whateveryoudoshouldbedonewell.Whateverbooksyouhave,youshouldoftenread.Whateveryousaygoes.=Anythingthatyousaygoes.无论你说什么，都会照办。Seeyoulater!