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1.在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前，谓语在后。但有时由于语法结构的需要，或者为了强调，谓语的全部或一部分要提到主语的前面，这种语序叫做倒装。2.倒装的种类:全部倒装是把全部谓语放在主语之前.部分倒装是把助动词.情态动词或be动词放在主语之前.倒装的几种情况:1.在疑问句中DoyouspeakEnglish？2.在therebe结构中(be可以换成表示存在的动词live,stand,lie,come,exist等)Therestandalotoftalltreesinourschool.Longlongago,therelivedaking.3.直接引语的一部分或全部放句首时,有时也倒装.“Shelooksquietenough,doesn’tshe?”saidoneofthem.4.在以here,there,out,in,up,down,away等副词开头,谓语动词为be,come,go,run,walk,rush,fall或者以then,now开头,谓语动词为come,follow,begin,end,be等,主语又是名词,主谓要用完全倒装.Theregoesthebell.Awaywalkedthestranger.Herecomesthebus.Nowcomesyourturn.Outrantwolittleboys.Thenfollowedashotofgun.完全倒装5.当句首为表示地点的介词短语时，如果句子的主语为名词，那么句子的主语和谓语完全倒装。Outsidetheclassroomstoodanoldman.OnthewallhangsalargemapofChina.Eastofthetownliesabeautifullake.Theyarrivedatahouse,infrontofwhichsatasmallboy.但:Inthearmchairshesat.Look!Heretheycome.7.完全倒装用于表示祝愿的句型里.LonglivetheChinesepeople.Mayyoubehappy.6.有时当句子没有宾语而主语又比较长,或者为了使上下文紧密衔接,常把状语.表语放在句首,主谓完全倒装.1.Seatedonthegroundareagroupofyoungmenplayingcards.2.Gonearethedayswhenteacherswerelookeddownon.3.Lyingonthefloorwasaboyagedaboutseventeen.8.Only所修饰的副词,介词短语或状语从句放在句首时,主句用部分倒装.Onlyyesterdaydidhefindoutthathiswatchwasmissing.Onlybyworkinghardcanyousucceed.OnlywhenhetoldmeaboutthenewsdidIknowthetruth.9.在以often,always,once,manyatime,nowandthen,everyotherday,everytwohours等频率副词以及well,thus等作状语位于句首时,用部分倒装.Manyatimehashegivenmegoodadvice.Thuswasitstolen.部分倒装10.当never,neverbefore,not,no,little,seldom,nowhere,hardly/scarcely…when,nosooner…than,notonly…butalso,notuntil,bynomeans(决不),innocase,innoway,innotime,nolonger等表示否定或半否定意义的副词.介词短语.连词等放在句首时,用部分倒装.Littledidhecareabouthisownsafety.Nosoonerhadhegottoschoolthanhesetouttocopyothers’homework.SeldomdoIgotothecinema.Notasingleworddidhespeakatthemeeting.Notuntilaweeklaterdidhereceivetheletter.(当Notuntil引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。)Innowaycantheorybeseparatedfrompractice.Notonlywasthecitypollutedbutthestreetswerecrowded.11.以so,neither,nor开头的句子或分句中,表示某人.某事或某种情况与前面提到的相同,此结构的主谓部分倒装.IcanspeakEnglish,(and)socanyou.YouspeakEnglishwell,sodoeshe.Ihaveneverheardofsuchathing,Neitherhasshe.Tomdidn’tfinishhishomework.NordidJane.注意:1.表示对别人所说的情况加以肯定,其主语与上文主语相同时,这种结构的主谓不倒装.---Yourfathersmokedalot.---Sohedid.2.若前一分句中包含不同种类的动词,而后一分句所说情况也符合前文所说情况(肯定或否定均可),常用句型:Itis/wasthesamewith…或Soitis/waswith……JackisastudentandstudiesinChina.SoitiswithGreen.12.在so+adj./adv.+that结构中,若So+adj./adv.放在句首,主句用部分倒装.(such…that…结构一样)SosmallwasthemarkthatIcouldhardlyseeit.Suchawell-knownmanishethateveryonewantstotakeaphotowithhim.13.If引导的虚拟条件句,可省略if,把should,had或were放在主语前.Shoulditrain,thecropswouldgrowbetter.WereIyourfather,Iwouldnotgiveyouthemoney.Haditnotbeenforthecaptain,theshipwouldhavesunk.注：such和be连用作表语时，也常用倒装语序，如：Suchwastheresult.Suchwasthestoryhetold.不倒置主谓语序的倒装结构1.在由as/though”尽管”引导的让步状语从句中,常将从句中的表语或副词状语调到句首,但从句的主谓语序不倒装.Youngas/thoughheis,heknowsalot.Muchasthechildwantedit,hedidn’tdaretosayso2.however/nomatterhow等引导的让步状语从句中,常将从句中的形容词.副词提到句首,紧跟在however之后,但从句的主谓语序不倒装.Howeverdifficultcomputerscienceis,Iwilltrymybesttomasterit.注意：句首名词不能带任何冠词。句首是实义动词,其他助动词放在主语后。Scientistasheis,heremainsmodest.Tryashewill,heneverseemsabletodotheworksatisfactorily.4.Toallthepeopleherebelongssuccess,boysandgirls.5.Ratherthanrideonacrowdedbus,healwayspreferstorideabicycle.Exercises:1.Suchanoise______thatIcouldn'tmakemyselfheard.A.arethereB.therewasC.wasthereD.thereare2.Out______afterthedoorwasopened.A.didthedogrunB.ranthedogC.thedogranD.doesthedogrunCB3.Notuntilyesterdayafternoon______raining.A.ithadstoppedB.haditstoppedC.itstoppedD.diditstop4.______,hehasmuchexperienceinlearningEnglish.A.AsisheyoungB.YoungasheisC.AsyoungheisD.YoungalthoughheisDB5.______,wewouldleaveforTianjin.A.ShouldnotitsnowtomorrowB.ItshouldnotsnowtomorrowC.IfitdidnotsnowtomorrowD.Ifitdoesn'tsnowtomorrow6.______thepeoplehavebecomemastersoftheirowncountrythatsciencecanreallyservethepeople.A.OnlythenB.ItisonlythenC.OnlywhenD.ItisonlywhenAD7.---MayIuseyourcalculator?---______.A.HereisitB.HereareyouC.HereisitcomingD.Hereyouare8.Notonly______apromise,butalsohekeptit.A.didhemakeB.hemadeC.doeshemakeD.hashemadeDA9.Nowhereelseintheworld______morefriendlypeoplethaninChina.A.youcanfindB.youwillfindC.willyoufindD.findyoucan10.Onlywhen______intheafternoon______abletoleave.A.thematchwasover;theywereB.wasthematchover;weretheyC.wasthematchover;theywereD.thematchwasover;weretheyCD