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高三英语总复习语法系列训练倒装结构宝安高级中学高三英语备课组倒装语序分为“全部倒装”和“部分倒装”。在全部倒装的句子中，整个谓语都放在主语的前面；在部分倒装的句子中，只是谓语中的一部分（如助动词、情态动词或系动词be等）放在主语前面，其余部分仍放在主语后面。下面将常见的倒装情况分述如下：一、由there,here或now等引起，谓语为come（或go）的句子，例如：Therecomesthebus!Theregoesthebell!HerecomesMary!Nowcomesyourturn.注：如果主语为人称代词，仍用自然语序，例如：Therehecomes!Hereshecomes!二、由then引起，谓语为come（或follow）的句子，例如：Thencameanewdifficulty.ThenfollowedeightyearsoftheAnti-JapaneseWar.Thencamewind,hailandfrost.三、由here（或there）引导，谓语为be的句子，如：HereisChina’slargesttropicalforest.Herearesomepicture-books.注：如果主语为人称代词，仍用自然语序，如：Hereyouare./Hereweare./Hereitis./Thereheis.四、由so引起的，表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人（或物）的句子，如：“Wemuststartforthework-sitenow.”“Somustwe.”Societyhaschangedandsohavethepeopleinit.Heplaystheviolinquitewell.Sodoesmysister.HehasbeentoBeijing,sohaveI.注：如果一个句子只是重复前面一句话的意思，尽管so用开头，语序也不要倒装，如：--Itwascoldyesterday.–Soitwas!--TomorrowwillbeMonday.–Soitwill.五、由neither或nor引起的，表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人（或物）的句子，如：--Iwon’tdosuchathing.–Neither/NorwillI.Ifyoudon’tgo,neithershallI.--Ihaven’tdonemyhomework.–Neither/NorhaveI.Ididn’treadthenoticeonthebulletinboard,nordidhe.六、在if引导的非真实条件句中，如有助动词had,should或were时，可以省略if，进行倒装，如：HadIcomefiveminutesearlier,Iwouldhavemetthefamousscientist.(IfIhadcomefiveminutes…)Shouldanyonecall,tellhimtowaitformehere.WereItenyearsyounger,Iwouldbeabletoclimbtothetopofthehill.(IfIwereyou…不倒装)七、当as引导让步状语从句时，可以把表语提到前面来，采用“形容词（或副词、名词）+as+主语+谓语”这种形式，如：Oldasmyfatheris,hekeepsupwithhisEnglishstudy.Childasheis,heknowssomethingofelectricity.Tiredashewas,hecontinuedtowork.Youngasshewas,shewasalreadydirectorofafactory.八、当always,often,well,manyatime等词放在句首时，后面常用倒装语序，如：Alwaysdidthesoldiergotohelpthevillagers.Oftendidwewarnthemnottodoso.WelldoIrememberthedayIsawawildtiger.Manyatimedidhegoswimmingintheriver.注：上述所说的词不放在句首，不用倒装语序。九、only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句首时，其后面的主语部分要进行倒装，如：Onlyinthiswaycanyouhopetoimprovethesituationthere.OnlythendidIrealizethatIwaswrong.Onlyoncedidhisfatherdiscusshisfuturewithhim.OnlyyesterdaydidIrealizewhatwasgoingon.OnlyafterhecamebackwasIabletoseehim.注：only修饰主语，仍用自然语序，如：OnlysocialismcansaveChina.十、含有否定意义的副词、连词或短语构成的状语放在句首时，常用倒装语序。这些词和词组有：not,never,hardly,seldom,little,rarely,scarcely,notuntil,notonly…butalso…,neither…nor…,nosooner…than…,hardly…when…,scarcely…when等，例如：NevershallIforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheLeague.NotuntilIbegantoworkdidIrealizehowmuchtimeIhadwasted.Notonlydidhereadthebook,butalsorememberedwhathehadread.Nosoonerhadhearrivedtherethanhefellill.Hardly/Scarcelyhadshefallenasleepwhenaknockatthedoorawakenedher.注：上面所说的词和词组如果不在句首，句子不必用倒装语序。另外，notonly…butalso连接两个主语时，不用倒装，如：Notonlythestudents,butalsotheteacherwishesforaholiday.十一、当so（或such）…that…结构中的so或such用于句首时，要采取倒装语序，如：Soloudlydidhespeakthatevenpeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.Soloudlydidhespeakthathewasheardupstairs.SosmallwasthemarkthatIcouldhardlyseeit.Soangrywashethathecouldn’tspeak.Sofastdoeslighttravelthatitisdifficultforustoimagineitsspeed.Suchwastheforceoftheexplosionthatallthewindowswerebroken.Suchwashisstrengththathecouldbendironbars.注：such和be连用作表语时，也常用倒装语序，如：Suchwastheresult.Suchwereherwords.Suchwasthestoryhetold.XXX在下列结构中用完全倒装语序：Onahillinfrontofthemstoodagreatcastle.Onthebedlayasickoldman.UnderthetreewassittingoneofthebiggestmenIhadeverseen.Seatedonthegroundareagroupofyoungmenplayingcards.Lyingonthefloorwasaboyagedaboutseventeen.Good-bye!•在描写情景时，有时为了生动，可以把out,in,up,down,away等副词放在主语前，同时主谓倒装，如：•Upwentthearrowintotheair.•Upflewtheredballoon.•Followingtheroar,outrushedatigerfromamongthebushes.•注：如果主语是一个人称代词，谓语仍放在后面，如：•Awaytheywent./Downitflew./Upitwent.•Downcamethehammerandoutflewsomegoldenpiecesofpaper.