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FUNTIONSINSENTENCESForSenior•句子成分包括：主语谓语表语宾语1、及物动词宾语和介词宾语；2、直接宾语和间接宾语补足语定语状语原因、时间、地点、方式、条件、结果、目的、比较、让步、程度主语•名词、代词、动词-ing、动词不定式、wh+动词不定式、从句都可以作主语。•1.Ourmasterisverykind.•2.Heisagoodboy.•3.TeachingthemEnglishisherjob.•4.Toworkwiththemisveryinteresting•5.Itisnecessaryforhimtoattendthemeetingtomorrow.•6.Itisnecessarythathewillattendthemeetingtomorrow.•(注意对比)Itwasinthebook-shopthatImetoneofmyoldclassmateslastSunday.•7.Whattodonextisunknown.•8.Whatwewilldonextisunknown.谓语•谓语包括时态和语态。•I.时态现在时一般现在时现在进行时现在完成时现在完成进行时•1)Hedoesn’tworkinthisfactory.•2)IsTomwatchingTVinthesitting-roomnow?•3)TheyhavelearnedthreeEnglishsongsalready.•4)WehavebeenlearningEnglishforalmosttwoyearssinceMr.Browntaughtus.过去时一般过去时过去进行时过去完成时过去将来时•1)Ididn’tgothereforsomefoodyesterday.•2)TheyweredoingtheirhomeworkwhenIenteredtheirclassroom.•3)Beforehearrivedatthecinema,thefilmhadbeenonforfourminutes.•4)Hesaidhewouldcomeheretohelpus.将来时一般将来时将来进行时将来完成时•1)WilltheyvisitthemuseumnextSunday?•2)Iwillbewaitingforyouattheschoolgateat5o’clocktomorrowevening.•3)Shewillhavefinishedthereportbytheendofnextmonth.II.语态•基本结构be+动词的过去分词•现在时一般现在时现在进行时现在完成时•1)Ourbedroomisoftenkeptcleaneveryday.•2)Isourcarbeingrepairinginthegaragenow?•3)Thebuildingovertherehasbeenbuilt.Itisforwomenandchildren.过去时一般过去时过去进行时过去完成时过去将来时•1)WasthisdictionaryboughtlastTuesday?•2)TheperformancewasbeinggiveninthestreetwhenIwaspassingby.•3)TheoperationhadbeencarriedoutonTombeforehisparentsgottothehospital.•4)Themanagersaidthatthegoodswouldbesenttothechain-shopsassoonaspossible.将来时一般将来时将来完成时•1)Anewchemicalworkswillbebuiltamongthehillsfarawayfromourtown.•2)Themeetingwillhavebeenendedby6o’clockthisafternoon.宾语•名词、代词、动词-ing、动词不定式、wh+动词不定式、从句都可以作宾语。•宾语包括及物动词宾语和介词宾语。•1)Idon’tknowthemanoverthere.•2)Hewantstobeanengineer.•3)Alicethinksitinterestingtoswimwithhersister.•4)Didyouenjoyplayinggameswiththematthelastparty?•5)Doyouknowwheretoholdthesportsmeet?•6)Idon’tknowwherethesportsmeetwillbeheld.•7)WeareinterestedinEnglishandmaths.•8)Wemustpreventtheriversfrombeingpolluted.直接宾语和间接宾语•1.Hepassedmeabottleofsalt.•2.Hepromisedhisteachertohelpus.•(对比)Heaskedhisteachertohelphim.•3.Sheaskedmeaquestionjustnow.•(对比)MarkmadeLondonthebasefortherevolution.表语•名词、形容词、表示方向地点的副词、动词-ing、动词的过去分词、动词不定式、WH+动词不定式、介词短语、从句都可以作表语。•1)Heisn’tateacher.•2)Johnisquitetall.•3)Aretheyin?•4)Hisfull-timejobissellingnewspapers.•(对比)Heissellingnewspapersnow.•5)Thecupisbroken.•(对比)Thecupwasbrokenbythecatlastnight.•6)Hewastoleavewhenthephonerang.•7)Thequestioniswhenandwheretogoforpicnic.•8)Thequestioniswhenandwherewewillgoforapicnic.•9)Thechildrenareinthereading-roomnow.补足语•补足语可分为主语补足语和宾语补足语•名词、形容词、表示方向地点的副词、动词-ing、动词的过去分词、动词不定式、介词短语等都可以作补足语•1)WeallmadeJackmonitoratthelastclassmeeting.•Jackwasmademonitoratthelastclassmeeting.•2)Didyoufindourroomverydirty?•Wasourroomfoundverydirty?•3)Lethimin,please.•4)Someonefoundhimswimmingintheriverwhenitwasgettingdark.•Hewasfoundswimmingintheriverwhenitwasgettingdark.•5)Iheardhimsingthreepopsongsinthenextroomlastnight.•Hewasheardtosingthreepopsongsinthenextroomlastnight.•6)Iaskedhimtogiveherhisuncle’sphonenumber.•Hewasaskedtogiveherhisuncle’sphonenumber.•7)Hefoundhishousebrokenintowhenhegothome.•Hishousewasfoundbrokenintowhenhegothome.•8)Didyouseehimunderthetreealone?•Washeseenunderthetreealone?定语•定语可分为：前置定语和后置定语。•形容词、物主代词的所有格、(单个)动词ing形式、(单个)过去分词常作前置定语。•1)ThetallboyisTom’selderbrother.•2)Thedancinghallisbeingrepairednow.•3)Thebrokencupisn’tmine.•4)Thesleepinggirlismyyoungersister.•else常作后置定语。•形容词修饰something,anything,nothing,everything等词常作后置定语。•形容词短语、介词短语、动词不定式、动词ing短语、动词过去分词短语、定语从语等都常作后置定语。else常作后置定语•1)Mum,isthereanythingelseformetodo?•2)Whatelsedidyousayatthelastmeeting?•3)Whoelsewenttherewithyoulastnight?•4)WhereelsehaveyoubeenbesidesShanghai?形容词修饰something,anything,nothing,everything等词常作后置定语•1)A:Anythingelsetobuybesidesmeat?B:Nothingelse.Thankyou,Jack.•2)A:Isthereanythinginterestingintoday’snewspaper?B:Yes.Look!Andhereissomethingimportant.形容词短语、介词短语、动词不定式、动词ing短语、动词过去分词短语、定语从语等都常作后置定语•1)Theboyfullofbraveryrushedintotheburninghouseandcarriedanoldladyout.•2)Doyouknowthemanwithabluehatonhishead?•3)Sorry,Ican’tgowithyoubecauseI’llhavesomethingimportanttowrite.•4)Boysandgirls,todaythereisalittlehomeworktodo.•5)Thebuildingbeingbuiltnexttotheparkisforthechildren.•6)Hecan’trecognizethebikestolentwoweeksago.•7)Themanwhosesonisasoldierliveshere.•8)ThehousewhereLuXunoncelivedisstillthere.•9)Thereasonwhyhedidn’tgotoschoolsoundsreasonable.注意enough和nearby•1)Ihaven’tgotenoughmoney.Ican’taffordit.•2)Wehavetimeenoughtodothework.•3)Ifyouareintrouble,askapolicemannearbyforhelp.•=Ifyouareintrouble,askanearbypolicemanforhelp.状语(原因、时间、地点、方式、条件、结果、目的、比较、让步、程度、伴随)•1.原因状语•1)Tomdidn’tgotoschoolyesterdaybecausehewasill/becauseofhisillness.•2)Sinceallofusarehere,let’sbeginourmeeting.•3)Havingfinishedmyhomework,Iwentouttoplayfootball.•4)Whydidn’tyouattendmybirthdayparty?•5)Asitwaslate,Imadehastetogo.•(注意)Getup,Tom,forthebirdsaresinging.2.时间状语•1)Theywillbethereat8:00a.m.tomorrow.•2)Thetrainhadleftbeforewegottotherailwaystation.•3)Itwast