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1.afterall,atall,aboveall，inall1)毕竟;仍然e.g.It’snotsurprisingyou’retired.Afterall,youdidn’tgotobeduntil12lastnight.2)终究;最终e.g.Althoughtheymetwithdifficulties,Ihearthey’vesucceeded____________.Ididpromisetobuyacarforyou,butIamsorryIcan’tmanageit____________.IfyouwanttolearnEnglishwell,___________,youshouldreadEnglishaloudverymorning.afterallatallaboveall2.访问的词组3.callonsb.callatsp.callon=asksb.todosthe.g.Marxcalledontheworkerstounite.IwillcallonJeanforananswer.visit/sb./sp.payavisittosb./sp.•dropinon•Dropinat•callon看望,拜访(sb.);要求,号召•callat拜访(sp.)•callfor接某人;需要•callin请进•callup打电话•calloff取消3.Pay的词组payback偿还、报复payoff还清(债务等)payfor付款Youhavetopaybackthemoneyyouborrowed.Atlasthepaidoffthedebts.Haveyoupaidallyourdebts?•Fillintheblankswithpayoff,payback,payfor•1)Howmuchdidyou_____therecorder?•2)Hehas______thedebtshisfatherlefthim.•3)Wemustrememberto_______themoney___thosebookstoJohnnextweek.payforpaidoffpaybackfor•4.worth/wothy•ThisVCDisworth1,000yuan..•Whatyousaidisworthconsidering•ofsth•ofbeingdone•tobedoneworthy•5.worth,worthy;•1)Thebookiswell_____readingagain.••carefulstudy.•2)Thisarticleis______of•beingstudied•carefully.worthworthy6.proven./pron宾语＋宾补that从句Provetobe/adj.证明是somethingtosomebody=tosbsomething证明是Onemadactionisnotenoughtoproveamanmad7.tear的短语总结动词短语Tearsomethingto/intopiecesTearsoemthinginharf/intohalvesTearsomethingopenTearsomethingof把…（从上）撕开TearsomethingdownTearatsomethingTear作名词时的短语Beintears流泪，哭BurstintotearsBurstoutcryingMovesb.Totears.EyesbefilledwithtearsWithtearsinone’seyes8.advantageGainanadvantage获得优势Havetheadvantageof有…方面的优势Haveanadvantageover优于，胜过Takeadvantageof利用＝makeuseofToone’sadvantage=totheadvantageofsb.对某人有利Toadvantage以便产生好的效果Putsb.Toadvantage/disadvantage使某人处于优势、劣势9.Cost的短语总结Sth.Costsb.Time(money).Sth.Costsb.Sth.使某人失去…Thecostliving(thelivingcost)生活费用Atallcosts不惜一切代价Atthecostofsth.以牺牲为……代价10.Point短语的拓展Pointout(后接名词或宾语从句）Pointat指着（某人或某物）Pointto指向（强调方向，并不一定指该物体）Makeapoint证明论点正确Tothepoint正中要害，恰到好处remarksthatweretothepoint;和本题相关的话；Beonthepointofdoing正要做某事aturningpointinhiscareer.There‘snopointinwastingtime.耗时间没用。11.affair;thing;matter;business;event;accident;incidentaffair意为“事情、事件”,含义较广，泛指已做或待做的事；复数affairs一般指商业事务及政府的日常事务，如财政管理、外交事务等。thing意为“事情、事物”，不管大事小事、好事坏事均称为thing，一般不能专指事务；复数things还可作“形势”解。matter侧重指须留心的要事或问题、难题。business作“事务、事情”解时，一般不能用复数，常常指所指派的任务、责任；有时说的是指派的工作或商业上的买卖活动。Accident指交通或其它意外事故Incident引发争端或战争的事件，还指日常生活中的小事Event国家或党派等发生的重大事件，尤其是历史事件Werethereanyexciting________duringyourjourney?Thenewbookwasthecultural______oftheyear.John'shadan_________:he'sbeenknockeddownbyacar.That'snoneofyour__________.Everythingwecanseeandtouchismadeupof___________..Fillintheblankswiththeproperwordsincidentseventaccidentbusinessmatter12.Careful短语的拓展Becarefulabout/of注意Becarefultodosth.做某事很仔细Becarefulnottodosth.注意不要做某事Becarefulthat（常与否定内容连接）Itiscarelessofsb.todosth.做某事太粗心了Sb.Iscarelesstodosth.同上13.Doubt句型短语总结Thereisnodoubt+thatcluase/n.毫无疑问Thereissomedoubt(about,asto)whether…对于某事…持有疑问Havenodoubt+that从句“确信”注意：doubt作及物动词时，在肯定句中连词用whether，在否定句或疑问句中用that。（名词和动词一样）类似句型还有：Thereisnoneedforsb.todo14.Start/begin用法与总结在以下情况后而用todo.1.主语是物而不是人。Theicebegantomelt.2.本身用于进行时态。Maryisbeginningtodoherhomework.3.后加心理状态或精神活动的词。Theybegantorealizetheirpastmistakes4.用于描述天气时。Itbegantorain.5.强调动作的实际开始。Westartedtolaughwhensheenteredtheroom.6.因句子结构对称时。Hehadtosmilewhenwebegantolaugh.我们开始笑时，他不得不也勉强笑了。15.Wouldrather的用法与归纳1.表示“宁愿，愿意”。Hesaidhewouldratherplayfootball.2.had/wouldrather＋从句，表示对现在或将来的一种愿望,从句中用一般过去时。例如：I’drathersheleftonanearliertrain.Ihadratheryoudidit.3.表示宁愿某人曾经做过或表示与过去事实相反的愿望，从句中用过去完成时。例如：I’dratherhehadtoldmeaboutit.4.Wouldratherdo…thando表示宁愿做……而不愿做，表示选择或偏爱前者。例如：Hewouldratherdiethangivein.5.Prefertodo…ratherthando表示“宁愿做…而不愿做”例如：Iprefertowritetoherratherthanphoneher.6.OrratherMoreexactly;moreaccurately:更确切地；更精确地：He'smyfriend,orratherhewasmyfriend.他是我的朋友，不过更确切地说，他曾经是我的朋友。7.ChieflyBritishMostcertainly.•‘Wouldyoulikeaswim?’‘Rather’•“你要游泳吗？”“当然！”16.Havesth/sb.done/havesb.Doing/havesth./sbdoHavesb.do“使某人做某事”表示动作的完成或可能发生。Havesb.doing“使某人一直在做某事”表示动作一直在进行。Havesth.todo“有某事要做”，have表示“有”Havesth.todowith…与……有关Havesth.done”使某事被做”17.不带to的动词不定式的十八种情况•动词不定式通常带有符号to，叫做带to的动词不定式(infinitivewithto)，动词不定式有时不带符号to，叫做不带to的动词不定式(infinitivewithoutto)•不带to•一、与助动词do连用构成谓语动词的否定、疑•(1)hedoesnotworkinthefactory.•(2)Doessheworkhere•(3)Ididnotseeheryesterday.•(4)Didtheytakeyouhome?••(1)IcanspeakEnglish.•(2)MayIcomein?•(3)Dareheswimacrosstheriver?•(4)Wemustwork,andaboveallwemustbelieveinourselves.•但与情态动词ought(to)连用时通常带to，和used(to)连用时必须带to•三、在表示感觉的动词如：see,look.at,watch,hear,listento,feel,•notice,observe,perceive(觉察，看见),behold（书面用语“见到”）等后用作宾语补足语的动词不定。•(1)Isawhercrossthestreet.•(2)Helookedatthechildrenwalkupthehill.•(3)Iwatchedtheboycrosstheroad.•(4)Iheardherplaythepiano.•(5)Helistendtoustalk.•但除notice,watch不用被动语态外，上述动词变成被动语态时，其后的动词不定式就不省to•(1)Shewasseentocrossstreet.•(2)Shewasheardtoplaythepiano.•四、使役动词make,let,have,bid,•leave(=let)后作宾语补足语的动词不定式不带to•(1)Youmaytakeahorsetothewater,butyoucan'tmakehimdrink.•(2)I'lllethimdoit.•(3)Don'tforgettohavethemcome.•(4)Bidhimgohome.