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Unit7CulturalRelicsLanguagePoints1.base…onvt.base…on以…为基础,把…建立在,根据eg.Thissongisbasedonatruestory.Oneshouldalwaysbasehisopinionsonfacts.n.基地,基础eg.anair/navalbaseMarxmadeLondonthebaseforhisrevolutionarywork.2.select/choose/pickoutselect指经过认真考虑后从众多对象中选出最好或最满意的,用于较正式的场合choose凭个人的主观喜好判断力进行选择pickout用法通俗,指按个人的喜好或希望进行选择,多为有形的人或物eg.1.Thebestcandidateswillbeselectedforinterview.2.Youcanchoosewhatyoulike.3.Shepickedouttheshoesthatmatchthedress.3.representrepresentvt.(=standfor)代表,表现,描写，声称,标志,象征,描画eg.1.Hisopinionrepresentsthatofthemajority.2.Thepicturerepresentstheendofthewar.3.Herepresentshimselfasaphilosopher.4.Whatdoesthismarkrepresent?4.mayYoumayalsoincludeashortmessage…butrememberthatthosewhofindthecapsulemaynotunderstandyourlanguage.前一个may表允许,后一个may表猜测,常用于否定句中,不用于疑问句.疑问句中用can:Canthisnewsbetrue?eg.1.Youmaynotsmokehere.2.Thatmaynotbeagoodidea.5.includevt.+n./pron/doing包括,包含eg.1.Theuniversityincludestencolleges.2.Yourdutywillincludeputtingthechildrentobed.试比较:including,included前者在n./pron.之前表主动,后者用在n./pron后表被动eg.1.Allofus,includingme,havereadthisbook.2.Allofushavereadthisbook,meincluded.用include的适当形式填空①Theirnamesare____________inthelist.②Therearealotofnamesinthelist,_____________hisname.③Therearealotofnamesinthelist,hisname______________.④Therentis40yuanamonth____________waterandelectricity.⑤Theprice_____________postagethen.includedincludingincludedincludingincluded6.情态动词shall的用法①表示纯粹的将来时，第一人称单数和复数可用shall,其他人称用will(第一人称也可用will)WhattimeshallIcome?Shallwegotothepark?②表示要求，允诺，威吓等Everythingshallbedonetosavetheship.You,wantedjustice,soyoushallgetjustice,morethanyouwanted.HislifeshallbeatthemercyoftheDuke.③shall表示征求对方的意见、指示时，用于一、三人称.eg.ShallIturnonthelight?Shallhecometoseeyou?will表示此意时用于第二人称eg.ShallItellJohnaboutitnow,orwillyoutellhimsometimelater?7、情态动词can的用法①Can’tweputin…?否定疑问句(1)建议或邀请---Won’tyouhavealittlemorerice?---No,thankyou.(2)表示感叹,表示说话人强烈的感情色彩.Isn’titabeautifulflower?Isn’titacoldday?(3)表示惊讶,怀疑,责备Don’tyouknowmytelephonenumber?②试比较can,beableto(1)can,beableto都表示做事的能力,两者通用但can只用于一般现在时、一般过去时,而beableto可用于任何时态Hecan/isabletodriveacar.Theworkercould/wasabletoswimacrosstheChangjiangRiver.Hehasn’tbeenabletogototheofficeforamonth.(2)表示经过努力而成功的某一次动作,用was/wereableto不用could。此处beableto=managetodo/succeedindoingTheplanewasabletoflyoverthemountainsandthepassengersfeltsafe.(3)在否定句中couldn’t与was/werenotableto通用Hecouldn’t/wasn’tabletoarrivebefore6yesterdayevening.8.Wherethereis…,thereis…Wherethereisariver,thereisacity.Where引导地点状语从句,含有条件意味=attheplace+whereeg.Makemarkswhereyouhaveanyquestions.Makemarksattheplacewhereyouhaveanyquestions.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.where引导状语从句时,前无先行词,不可换成介词+which9.look/seemlooklike看起来像是…,好象要…like介词+n./pron./doingeg.Shelookssomuchlikehermother.Lookatthedarkclouds.Itlookslikerain.Hedoesn’tlooklikerecovering.look+adj./n./pp/tobeeg.I’mfatterthanIlook.Shedoesn’tlookherage.Theactorlookedtherole.Helenlookedwornout.look+asif从句eg.Youlookasifyoudidn’tcare.Itlooksasiftherewillbeastrike.seem似乎、好象、仿佛、系动词+adj./n./todo(1)seem+(tobe)+adj./nWhatseemseasytosomepeopleseemsdifficulttoothers.Hisfatherseems(tobe)akindman.(2)seemtodosth.Motherseemedtoknowthat.Iseemstohaveseenhimbefore.(3)seem+likeItseemslikeadisasteratthetime.(4)Itseems(tosb.)+that从句Itseemsthatheislying.Itseems(tome)thatheisright.(5)Itseems+asif/though看样子,似乎是Itseemsasifhewereinadream.10.outofoutof意为“从…,由…”,接近from,在句子中作后置定语eg.Hetoreapieceofpaperoutofhisnotebook.outof“从…出来”、“出于,由于”、“不在…里面”,“…中间有…”eg.Islippedoutoftheroomandwentsoftlydownstairs.Hediditoutofpity.Getoutoftheway!Nineoutoftenpeoplewillagreewithwhatyousay.常与outof搭配的短语：outofwork(失业）outofrepair(失修)outofcontrol(失控)outofdate(过时)outofdanger(脱险)outofwater(缺水)outofsense(失去理性)outofsight(失明)outofhearing(失聪)outoforder(坏了)outofmoney(缺钱)outofshape(变形)outofpractice(手生)outoftouch(失去联系)outofnumber(无数的)outofplace(错位)outofseason(过时)outoftheway(不挡道)注意：outofquestion(毫无疑问；不成问题)，outofthequestion(毫无可能；不必多说)。意思完全不同。Heisoutofquestionthebeststudentintheclass.Whatyousayisoutofthequestion.11.underattackunder在…(状态)中、在…(情况)下eg.Mycarisunderrepairnow.Thesubjectisunderstudy.Thebuildingisunderconstruction.under和with都可表示“在…之下”:with常与help,permission等连用；under常与leadership等连用考题点击：1._____thepermissionoftheteacher,heenteredthechemistrylab.A.WithB.UnderC.BecauseofD.At2.---Haveyoumovedintothenewhouse?---No.Thebuildingis_______construction.A.atB.underC.forD.in3.AnthonyJason,_____Louissucceededintheexam,wasafriendofmine.A.withthehelpforwhoB.withhishelpC.withwhosehelpD.withthehelpofhisABC12.giveingivein不及物短语,“投降、屈服、让步”eg.Oneshouldn’tgiveinwhileheorshestandsandsees.Shewouldratherdiethangivein.givein还可意为“上交”；=turnin,handineg.WhenshallIgiveinmypaper?Allpapersshouldbegiveninbefore12:30.giveinto…向…让步、迁就egHeisalwaysgivingintoothers.giveupvt./vi.放弃、不在做(某事)、把----献给交出、让给I’vegivenupthatidealongbefore.Shehasgivenupherlifetonursingthesick.Theyhadtgiveupthecitytotheenemy.giveup+doingHehasgivenupplayingfootball.giveup放弃、交出givein让步、投降giveaway赠送、泄露、分发、丧失giveback归还、送回giveoff发出（光、热、烟、火、声、味）giveout分发、用完、筋疲力尽1.He_________hisseattoanoldwoman.2.Thegas_________anunplea