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连词1.并列连词与并列结构并列连词引导两个并列的句子.1)and与or判断改错：(错)Theysatdownandtalkaboutsomething.(错)Theystartedtodanceandsang.(错)Isawtwomensittingbehindandwhisperthere.(对)Theysatdownandtalkedaboutsomething.(对)Theystartedtodanceandsing.(对)Isawtwomensittingbehindandwhisperingthere.注意：and还可以和祈使句或名词词组连用表示条件。（or也有此用法）Makeupyourmind,andyou'llgetthechance.=Ifyoumakeupyourmind,you'llgetthechance.Onemoreeffort,andyou'llsucceed.=Ifyoumakeonemoreeffort,you'llsucceed.2)both…and两者都Sheplays(both)thepianoandtheguitar.3)notonly…but(also),aswellas不但…而且）Sheplaysnotonlythepiano,but(also)theguitar.注意：notonly…butalso关联两个分句时，一个分句因有否定词not而必须倒装。Notonlydoeshelikereadingstories,butalsohecanevenwritesome.4)neither…nor意思为既不……也不……谓语动词采用就近原则，与nor后的词保持一致。Neitheryounorheistoblame.比较and和or1)并列结构中，or通常用于否定句，and用于肯定句。2)但有时and也可用于否定句。请注意其不同特点：Thereisnoairorwaterinthemoon.Thereisnoairandnowateronthemoon.在否定中并列结构用or连接，但含有两个否定词的句子实际被看作是肯定结构，因此要用and。典型例题---Idon'tlikechicken___fish.---Idon'tlikechicken,___Ilikefishverymuch.A.and；andB.and；butC.or；butD.or；and答案C。否定句中表并列用or,but表转折。判断改错：(错)Wewilldiewithoutairandwater.(错)Wecan'tlivewithoutairorwater.(对)Wewilldiewithoutairorwater.(对)Wecan'tlivewithoutairandwater.表示选择的并列结构1)or意思为“否则”。Imustworkhard,orI'llfailintheexam.2)either…or意思为或者……或者……。注意谓语动词采用就近原则。EitheryouorIamright.表示转折或对比1)but表示转折，while表示对比。Somepeoplelovecats,whileothershatethem.典型例题---Wouldyouliketocometodinnertonight?---I'dliketo,___I'mtoobusy.A.andB.soC.asD.but答案D。but与前面形成转折，符合语意。而表并列的and，结果的so，原因的as都不符合句意。2)not…but…意思为不是……而是……not和but后面的用词要遵循一致原则。Theywerenotthebonesofananimal,but(thebones)ofahumanbeing.表原因关系1)for判断改错：(错)Forheisill,heisabsenttoday.(对)Heisabsenttoday,forheisill.for是并列连词，不能置于含两个并列分句的句子的句首，只能将其放在两个分句中间。2)so,thereforeHehurthisleg,sohecouldn'tplayinthegame.注意：a.两个并列连词不能连用，但therefore,then,yet.可以和并列连词连用。YoucanwatchTV,andoryoucangotobed.Hehurthisleg,andso/andthereforehecouldn'tplayinthegame.b.although…yet…，但although不与but连用。(错)Althoughhewasweak,buthetriedhisbesttodothework..(对)Althoughhewasweak,yethetriedhisbesttodothework.比较so和such其规律由so与such的不同词性决定。such是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。so还可与表示数量的形容词many，few，much，little连用，形成固定搭配。so+adj.such+a(n)+n.so+adj.+a(n)+n.such+n.(pl.)so+adj.+n.(pl.)such+n.(pl.)so+adj.+n.[不可数]such+n.[不可数]sofoolishsuchafoolsoniceaflowersuchaniceflowersomany/fewflowerssuchniceflowerssomuch/littlemoney.suchrapidprogresssomanypeoplesuchalotofpeoplesomany已成固定搭配，alotof虽相当于many，但alotof为名词性的，只能用such搭配。so…that与such…that之间的转换既为so与such之间的转换。