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()JOURNALOFOCEANUNIVERSITYOFCHINA(SocialSciencesEdition)20074NO.4.20073(,264005):,(TAC)(TACITQs);,Hausman(SUR),Kulatilaka,TACITQs:;(SUR);Hausman;Kulatilaka:F307.4:A:16722335X(2007)0420013207,,,,,[1];,,,;,,,,,(TotalAllowableCatch,TAC)(IQ)(IndividualTransferableQuotas,ITQs)[2](TAC),,,,TACITQs,,TACITQs,SURKulatilaka,;,;TACITQs()TAC,,,313:2007203223:(19732),,,,TAC,,TAC,,,,,,;BarbaraBranderLiew80,[3]1986-1998,TACITQs2070,TAC,TAC,,,,ITQ,,,GraftonSquiresKirkleyITQs[4]TACITQs,;,,,,TACITQs,,,,,,TACITQsTACITQs()Duality[5][6][7],(TAC)(ITQs),,():[7]minC=ni=1XiWi(i=1,2,.,n)St:Y=f(X1,X2,,Xk)(1)Xi,Wi,Y:C3=(Y,W1,,Wk-1,Wk)(2)Diewert,[8]Shep2hardsLemma:5C3(Y,W1,Wk)5Pi=X3i(3)f(1),fi=5Y/5Xifij=52Y/5Xi5XjAllen:kr=ni=1Xifi(f-1)rk/XkXr(4)(f-1rk)f-1rkth(4),:kr=rk(5),Uzawakr:[9]kr=ni=1WiXiXkXr52C35Wr5Wk(6)kr0,krAllen,AllenAllen,;,Allen,,,,-[10]lnp=0lnc(p),(2):lnC=0+ni=1ilnWi+12ni=1nj=1ijlnWilnWj+YlnY+12YY(lnY)2+ni=1iYlnWilnY(7)lnp=0:lnC30=0;5lnC35lnY0=Y;5lnC35lnWi0=i;52lnC35lnWi5lnWj0=ijij=ji52lnC35lnY5lnY0=YY;52lnC35lnWilnY0=iy41:ij=ji(8):Si=5lnC(W,Y)5lnWi=i+ni=1ijlnWj+iYlnY(9):ni=1i=1,ni=1ij=0,nj=1ij=0,ni=1iY=0ith:Si=WiiC(10)Binswanger,i,:[6]ij=ij+SiSjSiSjij(11)ii=ii+S2i-SiS2ii(12):i=iiSiChristensenGreene:[11]SE=1-5lnC/5lnY(13)SE0SE0,:SE=1-(y+yyY)(14)Jensen[6]AscheBj«rndalGordonKulatilaka[12]FSE=f(wlabour,wcapital,wmiscellaneous,wfuel,Y)FSE=f(wlabour,Kcapital,wmiscellaneous,wfuel,Y)(15)Kulatilaka,[13](),();,[7],51155(115),,,Hausman,,()11(2001-2005)(),[14][15]1wi()wk()1,2111::ln_C=0+ylnYst+Lln_plst+Kln_pkst+Mln_pmst+Fln_pfst+YL(ln_Yst)(ln_plst)+YK(ln_Yst)(ln_pkst)+YM(ln_Yst)(ln_pmst)+YF(ln_Yst)(ln_pfst)+12LK(ln_plst)(ln_pkst)+12LM(ln_plst)(ln_pmst)51Kulatilaka(1985),:P3it=[5CR/5Ki]t(NorwegianFisheriesDirectorate)10%,3%+12LF(ln_plst)(ln_pfst)+12KM(ln_pkst)(ln_pmst)+12KF(ln_pkst)(ln_pfst)+12MF(ln_pmst)(ln_pfst)+12YY(ln_Yst)2+12LL(ln_plst)2+12KK(ln_pkst)2+12MM(ln_pm)2+12(ln_pfst)2+ust(16)SL=L+YL(ln_Yst)+12LK(ln_pkst)+12LM(ln_pmst)+12LF(ln_pfst)+LL(ln_plst)+usL(17)SK=K+YK(ln_Yst)+12LK(ln_plst)+12KM(ln_pmst)+12KF(ln_pfst)+KK(ln_pkst)+usk(18)SM=M+YM(ln_Yst)+12LM(ln_plst)+12KM(ln_pkst)+12MF(ln_pfst)+MM(ln_pm)+usm(19)SF=F+YF(ln_Yst)+12LF(ln_plst)+12MF(ln_pmst)+12KF(ln_pkst)+FF(ln_pfst)+usf(20)1:(Mean)(TotalCost)(NorwegianKrone)1.741073,575,0441.141072.89107(Capital)(NorwegianKrone)6,451,3081,328,3784,624,1271.03107(Priceindexoflabor)365,038.682,935.08244,510.5681,829.7(Priceindexofcapital)10,969.0532,267.3627,224.79217,409.672(Priceindexofmiscellaneous)15,896.84,695.879,006.04433,797.76(Priceindexoffuel)9.5051.6925.47313.815(Output)2,729,578896,5791,358,4965,285,100(Costshareoflabour)0.2940.0380.2060.386(Costshareofcapital)0.3730.0510.2650.492(Costshareofmiscellaneous)0.2450.0430.1710.343(Costshareoffuel)0.0880.0150.0590.1242:1112345678910115765494355491199609592529526527610#51199,#3435(),(15)Hausman,,Allen(15)t-1,R20.955,uiF(10,24)14.48;F(1024)0.51611NOK=0.1889CDN(2005326)STATA8,LIMDEP7SHAZAM91024F(99%-99%),,,2095%2483.94,95%,(sig2nificant),H0;HA,Hausman95%2(2=(b-B)[V(b)-V(B)]-1(b-B))1845.80(20),H0,(15)n-1,R20.95,1024(ui)F,99%F2095%2483.94,95%,(significant)Hausman2095%2(2=(b-B)[V(b)-V(B)]-1(b-B))-18.49,t-1n-1(16),Hausman2095%2(2=(b-B)[V(b)-V(B)]-1(b-B))1845.84,(criticalvalue),(NullHypothesis);,Zeller,[16]Zeller,i-1(SUR)(3):3:016.701(0.0151)LL0.118(0.009)LM-0.095(0.005)y0.195(0.031)KK0.103(0.017)LF0.009(0.006)L0.294(0.002)MM0.122(0.010)KM-0.010(0.012)K0.372(0.004)FF0.070(0.009)KF-0.061(0.008)M0.247(0.004)Year1996-0.011(0.011)MF-0.018(0.005)F0.087(0.002)Year1997-0.013(0.012)YY0.097(0.074)YL0.021(0.007)Year19980.046(0.017)Boat50.203(0.018)YK-0.058(0.015)Year19990.050(0.025)Boat6-0.068(0.015)YM0.035(0.012)Boat2-0.035(0.015)Boat7-0.059(0.015)YF0.002(0.007)Boat3-0.155(0.017)Boat8-0.124(0.016)LK-0.032(0.008)Boat4-0.054(0.015)Boat9-0.123(0.018)Boat10-0.127(0.016)Boat110.0712(0.016):,95%,13t,19981999t2.792.05,95%54,,19981999;,19961997711995,19981999,19961997(#2#3#4#6#7#8#9),t95%t,,#2#3#4#6#7#8#9(#5#11),t95%t,(#5)0.203#51%1.225%#31%1.168%,i,jAllen,Allen454:-1.043(0.086)0.7093(0.028)-0.943(0.371)1.3443(0.432)-0.8833(0.025)-1.048(0.098)-0.3043(0.103)0.8923(0.358)0.1823(0.067)-1.271(0.342):,3Allen,5%5:-0.299(0.025)N/AN/A0.6473(0.001)N/A-0.2943(0.012)0.0073(0.002)N/A0.4183(0.203)-0.194(0.018):,3Allen,5%4,,,Allen,;,Allen,,Allen6:-0.306(0.024)-0.351(0.111)-0.259(0.100)-0.111(0.068)-0.292(0.086)N/A-0.294(0.074)-0.194(0.057):,5%5,t95%t,,45,Allen0.1820.418;6,,,,Kulatilaka,25519.37,91.95.57:0.6770.8050.94170,,,,[12][17],TACITQs,,,;,TACITQs,,,,,,,,,,,81,,,,,,,,,:,,,,,,,(TACITQs)(),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,(),,,,,,,TACITQs,,,,:[1]DuPont,D.Multi2SpeciesIndividualTransferableQuotas:TheScotia2FundyMobileGearGroundfishery[J].MarineResourceEconomics,2000,15,2052220.[2],.[J].,2000,(4):3482354.[3]Barbara,R.,L.Brander,andD.Liew.1995.Scotia2FundyIn2shoreMobileGearGroundfishITQprogram.DepartmentofFisheriesandOceans.Mimeo[4]Grafton,R.Q.,D.Squires,andJ.Kirkley.1996.PrivatePropertyTightsandtheCrisesinWorldFisheries:TurningtheTide?ContemporaryEconomicPolicy14:9029.[5]Campbe