★英语语法填空解题技巧与方法-(T)

1/2语法填空（Rationalcloze）解题技巧与方法语法填空的考点或考查内容是：（1）纯空格题：通常考冠词、介词、代词、连词等几类词。一个空格只能填一个单词。（2）用括号中所给词填空：通常考动词、形容词和副词的比较级、词类转换等。一个空格可以填一到多个单词。考点一：冠词Thereoncewereagoatandadonkey….Sothefarmerkilled____goatandgavethedonkeymedicinemadefromitsheart.Thisis____lawofAmerican—ofallsuccessfulpeople.WhenIseeachildsubjecttothiskindofpressure,IthinkofDonnie.Hewas____shy,nervousperfectionist.He’s____amazingsinger,amusicvideodirector,abusinessownerandhe….无提示词，名词之前考查语法点：定冠词，不定冠词的用法下列情况很可能填不定冠词：（1）____+可数名词（单数）；（2）____+形容词+可数名词（单数）。下列情况下很可能填定冠词：（1）____（+定语）+名词+of等介词短语（表示特指）；（2）____（+定语）+名词+定语从句（表示特指）；（3）____（+定语）+名词+不定式短语或分词短语（表示特指）。考点二：介词Inshort,Ibelievethatitis____greatusetokeepadairyinEnglish…....,Ilookedback____thegirl,whowasgivingmethemostoptimistic,largestsmileIhadeverseen.Shefoundsomegoodqualitypipes____sale.无提示词注意搭配问题：与名词构成介宾结构作状语、补语、表语等；与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语；与形容词的搭配等。考查语法点：介词的基本用法及惯用搭配考点三：代词Sherememberedhowdifficult____wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.IwantedtorewardtheoldwomanforthetroubleIhadcaused____.Ithasbeensaidbefore,butexperiencingitmyselfhasmade____wanttosayitagain:asmile....无提示词作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格；注意形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的区别；注意指示代词（it和this），不定代词，反身代词，it用作引导词等的用法。考查语法点：代词的基本用法因句子的主语或宾语主要由名词、代词、动名词或不定式等充当，而名词、动名词或不定式等实词通常会放在有提示词的空格中考查，所以纯空格所填词在句子中作主语或宾语时，通常填代词，包括人称代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词性物主代词、疑问代词、反身代词（不能作主语）等。在名词前作定语就只能用形容词性物主代词了。考点四：连词或从句引导词...,itwasfamousforindustry,whichexplains____theareaiscalledtheBlackCountry.2/2Janepausedinfrontofacounter____someattractivetieswereondisplay.Oneday,hecameupwithanidea____hewouldpluckupallofhiscropafewinches.无提示词，连接两个主谓结构考查语法点：各类复合句中连词，引导词的用法（1）连接两个功能对等的单词或短语时，应填并列连词and,or,but等。（2）若两个句子（有两个主谓结构）之间，没有句号或分号，也没有连词，那空格处必定是填连接词，否则，句子结构就不完整。根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句式结构，确定是并列句（多要求考生填and,but,while,when,or等）还是某种主从复合句。然后根据各类从句的特点，结合连接词的意义和用法，确定填具体的某个连词。考点五：谓语动词IwascertainshewouldlikeitbecauseI____(tell)bymyclassmatesthatshelovedhotfood.Hisfearoffailure____(keep)himfromclassroomgamesthatotherchildrenplayedwithjoyousabandon.Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelopoften____(result)inthecontrarytoourintention.有提示词，与主语构成主谓结构考查语法点：谓语动词的时态及语态，及主谓一致考点六：非谓语动词....IthennoticedthatIhadjust10minutesleft____(complete)therest!Wemustalsoconsiderthereactionoftheperson____(receive)thegift.Mypupils,Donnie____(include),adoredher....,myfriendlookedatmewithhiseyebrows（眉毛）____(raise).有提示词，除谓语动词以外的动词形式：todo,-ing,-ed,with的复合结构等考查语法点：非谓语动词及变形的使用考点七：词性转换“Thirty-fivecents,”shesaid____(rude).Thisproverbissayingwehavetoletthingsgointheir____(nature)course.____(doubt),althoughthereisstillroomforimprovementtothispolicy,Ithinkitisstillagoodonewhichbringsmoregoodthanharmtothestudentsandthenation.有提示词介词、冠词、所有格、形容词性物主代词后接名词，形容词修饰名词，副词修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子。考查语法点：各类词性的正确使用及转化考点八：形容词/副词的级Oneofthe____(bad)giftchoicesIevermadewasformyhighschoolEnglishteacher........Wewerebothlaughingthewholetimeatourcompleteinabilitytocommunicateinwords.Whenitwastimetoleave,Isaid“thankyou”inKorean,usingsomeofthefewwordsIhadlearned.Ifelt____(lonely)thanIhadexpectedthatnight.有提示词通常有表示范围的in/of介词短语或形容词前有the时，一般要用最高级；than的前面要用形容词或副词比较级；even,much,alittle等修饰比较级。考查语法点：形容词和副词比较级/最高级的用法