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省略句▼基本概念省略句的定义：省略句是为了避免重复、突出新信息并使上下文紧密连接的一种语法修辞手段。省略在语言中，尤其在对话中，是一种十分普遍的现象。简单句的省略1、省略主语祈使句中主语通常省略；其它省略主语多限于少数现成的说法。(1)(I)Thankyouforyourhelp.(2)(I)Seeyoutomorrow.(3)(It)Doesn’tmatter.(4)(I)Begyourpardon.2、省略主谓或主谓语的一部分(1)(Thereis)Nosmoking.(2)(Isthere)Anythingwrong?(3)(Willyou)Haveasmoke?(4)What/How(doyouthink)aboutacupoftea?(5)Why(doyou)notsayhellotohim?简单句的省略3、在简单句中,在某些动词后(want,wish,hope,like,love,promise),可省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保留to，(1)–Areyougoingthere?--Yes,I’dliketo(gothere).(2)Hedidn’tgivemethechance,thoughhehadpromisedto(givemethechance).(3)–Areyouanengineer?--No,butIwanttobe(anengineer).(4)–Hehasn’tfinishedthetaskyet.--Well,heoughttohave.但如果该宾语是动词be或完成时态，则须在之后加上be或have:简单句的省略4、省略表语(1)–Areyouthirsty?--Yes,Iam(thirsty).(2)Hisbrotherisn’tlazy,norishissister(lazy).5、同时省略几个成分(1)Let’smeetatthesameplaceas(wemet)yesterday.(2)–-Haveyoufinishedyourwork?---(Ihave)Not(finishedmywork)yet.并列句中的省略两个并列句中，后一个分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。(1)Myfatherisadoctorandmymother(is)anurse.(2)Istudyatcollegeandmysister(studies)athighschool.(3)Whensummercomes,thedayisgettinglongerandlonger,andthenight(isgetting)shorterandshorter.主从复合句中的省略1、主句中主谓被省略(1)(I’m)Sorrytohearyouareill.(2)(It’sa)Pitythathemissedsuchagoodchance.2、用so,not省略上文或问句中的一部分或整个句义。(1)–Ishecomingbacktonight?--Ithinkso.(2)–Shemustbebusynow?--Ifso,shecan’tgowithus.(3)–Isshefeelingbettertoday?--I’mafraidnot.(4)–Doyouthinkhewillattendthemeeting?--Iguessnot.这种用法常见的有：think;hope;believe;suppose;beafraid;if,even.Howso?Whyso?Isthatso?Ihopeso.Hesaidso.及Isuppose/believe/hopenot.注意:表示意义否定时,可用not代替so,believe,suppose,think等也可说Idon’tbelieve(…)so.但hope,beafraid,guess只可说Ihopenot;I’mafraidnot;Iguessnot.其它省略1、在while,when,if,asif,though,although,as,until,once,whether,unless,where等连接的状语从句中，从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，可省去“主语+be”部分(1)When(hewas)stillaboyof10,hehadtoworkdayandnight.(2)Shetriedherbestthough(shewas)ratherpoorinhealth.(3).Areyougoingtotheparty?---No,unlessinvited.(4).Heopenedhismouthasif(hewere)tospeak.(5).Theriveriscleanwhere(itis)deep.(6).Ifgivenanothertenminutes,IcouldhavefinishedpassageD.=AnothertenminutesandI---=Givenanother---当状语从句的主语和谓语部分是itis/was时，itis/was可能省略。Youmusteatitwhen(itis)fresh.If(itis)heated,waterbecomessteam.When(itis)necessaryyoucanhelpustodosomething.Helphimif(itis)possible.2.than,as,asif,asthough引导的比较状语从句和方式状语从句中,和主句相同的一些成分常可省略.Ihavemoreconfidentinyouthan(Ihave)inhim.其它省略3、不定式符号to的省略(1)并列的不定式可省去后面的to.Itoldhimtositdownandwaitforamoment.(2)help当“帮助”讲时，后面的宾语或宾补的不定式符号to可带可不带.Iwillhelp(to)doitforyou.Iwillhelpyou(to)doit.（3）介词but前若有动词do,后面的不定式不带to.Theboydidnothingbutplay.其它省略(4)某些使役动词（let,make,have）及感官动词（see,watch,hear,notice,observe,feel,lookat,listento等）后面作宾语补足语的不定式一定要省去to,但在被动语态中须将to复原。Isawtheboyfallfromthetree.Theboywasseentofallfromthetree.Thebossmadeuswork12hoursaday.Weweremadetowork12hoursaday.(5)主语从句中有动词do,后面作表语的不定式的to可带可不带。Allwecandonowis(to)wait.其它省略4、连词if在部分虚拟条件句中可省略，但语序有变化。(1)Hadtheytime,theywouldcertainlycomeandhelpus.(2)WereIyou,Iwoulddotheworkbetter.(3）Shouldtherebeaflood,whatshouldwedo?5、主句和从句各有一些成分省略。Thesooner(youdoit),thebetter(itwillbe).6.连词that的省略(1)宾语从句中省略that,但并列多个宾语从句中只能省略第一个that.Theteachersaid(that)thetextwasveryimportantandthatweshouldlearnitbyheart.(2)在定语从句中关系代词that,which,whom作宾语时可省略.Thisisoneofthebestfilms(that)I’veeverseen.ExercisesaboutEllipsis.高考链接1.(09湖南卷)21.Everyeveningafterdinner,ifnot_____fromwork,Iwillspendsometimewalkingmydog.A.beingtiredB.tiringC.tiredD.tobetired返回目录【答案】C【解析】考查省略句式。在if引导的条件状语从句中，从句中还原应为ifamnottiredfromwork，根据省略的原则，所以答案选C。•2.(09江西)35.Someofyoumayhavefinishedunitone._____,youcangoontounittwo.•A.IfyoumayB.IfyoudoC.IfnotD.Ifso返回目录高考链接【答案】D【解析】本题考查省略句的用法。Ifso=Ifyouhavedonethat/so高考链接3.(09山东卷)32.------shallwehaveourpicnictomorrow?-----______itdoesn’train.A.UntilB.WhileC.OnceD.If返回目录【答案】D【解析】句意：我们明天去野餐吗？如果不下雨就去。本题考查交际用语和省略。第二句话补充完整是：Weshallhaveourpicnictomorrowifitdoesn’train.【考点定位】注意单项选择中的省略现象，补充完整句子有助于解决问题。高考链接4..（2008安徽卷，32）-----Haveyougotanyparticularplansforthecomingholiday?-----Yes,_______,I’mgoingtovisitsomehomesfortheoldinthecity.A.IfeverB.IfbusyC.IfanythingD.Ifpossible返回目录【答案】D【解析】本题考查四个句型结构。Ifever如果有过的话（如果发生过的话），.Ifbusy根据题意，是IfIambusy的省略，与下文语意矛盾；Ifanything意思是“更可能的是，总之”，；ifpossible如果可能的话。题意为“如果可能的话，我将去城里的一些老年之家看看。”高考链接5.（2008福建卷，30）–Whoshouldberesponsiblefortheaccident?–Theboss,nottheworkers.Theyjustcarriedouttheorder_____.A.astoldB.asaretoldC.astellingD.astheytold返回目录【解析】考查省略、被动的用法。补全句子应该是Theyjustcarriedouttheorderastheyweretold。【答案】A高考链接6.（2003年上海卷，39）Generallyspeaking,accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.A．whentakingB．whentakenC．whentotakeD．whentobetaken返回目录【解析】当分词的逻辑主语也就是主句的主语，这时可以省去逻辑主语和be动词.现在分词表示主动和进行，而过去分词表示被动和完成。在这个句子中，其实是whenthedrugistaken,省去了thedrugis，thedrug和take是被动关系．【答案】BII.单项选择1.---Iwon’tdoitanymore.----_______?A.Whydon’tB.Whydon’tdoitanymoreC.WhynotD.Whynotto2.Although____tostop,hekeptonworking.A.tellB.tellingC.havingtoldD.told3.---Willyouwastetimeandmoneyonthat?----Certainly_______.A.InotB.don’tC.notD.no√√√7.Wouldyoupleasecheckmycompositionandcorrectthemistakes______?A.ifanyB.ifsoC.ifnotD.ifonly8.Somepeoplearea