高中英语语法复习：定语从句中应注意的问题

1.Themanismyteacher.2.Thisisthe[e-mail][e-mail]’treadsuchbooks9.hedidn’tcome.10.Istillremembertheday11.Theschoolisverybeautiful.whoistalkingtomymotherwhichisaboutmedicinewhomIspoketojustnowwhichIsawintheschoolwhosewindowfacesthestreetwhosefatherworksabroadasIboughtasarenotinterestingAsweexpected,whenImether.whereheworks定语从句定语从句（一）•1.定语从句:用来修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句.它一般都跟在所修饰的名词或代词的后面,被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词,分为关系代词和关系副词.•2.引导词:关系代词:who,whom,which,that,whose,as（主宾表）关系副词:when,where,why（状）(whose作定语;whom作宾语)人人物人/物定语从句（二）that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,一般用that,不用which。(1)先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代词时。Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.(2)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时。I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.(4)先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast修饰时。ThisistheverybookthatIamlookingfor.（5）先行词既有人，又有物，引导词只用thatTheschoolandstudentsthathevisitedmadeadeepimpression(印象)onhim.(6)Who/Which/What…..之后引导词用that,不用who或whichWhoistheladythatistalkingtoourteacher?Whichisthebookthatyouwanttoread?•All______helearnedfromtheteachersisvaluable.•Youcanfindalltheinformation_______youneedontheInternet.•Hetoldmeeverything______heheardatthemeeting.•Sydneyisthefirstplace______IvisitedinAustralia.•Thisisthemostamusing(惊讶的)story______Ihaveread.•Theonlyinformation_____Igotishisaddress.•Thisistheverymoment______candecideyourfuture.•I’llneverforgetthebeautifulvillageandthekindvillagers_____Ivisitedthesummerholiday.•Whoistheman______isstandingbythewindow?thatthatthatthatthatthatthatthatthat1.非限制性定语从句Hecamelateagain,whichmademeangry.2.关系词前有介词ThisistheroominwhichChairmanoncelived.3.一个句子中含有两个定从，一个关系代词用that,另一个用whichLetmeshowyouthebookthatIborrowedfromthelibrarywhichwasnewlyopentous.定语从句（三）只用which,不用that1.先行词one,ones,anyone,指代人ThepersonIwanttolearnfromisonewhostudieshard.2.TherebeThereisagentlemanwhowantstoseeyou3.先行词在被分割的定语从句中ImetaforeignerintheparkyesterdaywhocanspeakChinesewell4.一个句子中两个定从，一个用that,另一个whoThemanthatwaspraisedatthemeetingisthemonitorwhoisverymodest.定语从句（四）修饰人只用who,不用that定语从句（五）•引导词在从句中作主语时，从句中谓语动词的单复数与所修饰的先行词保持一致。•Thisisthegirlwho_________(practise)thepianoeveryday.•Hehasadaughterwho_____(be)verypretty.•Hehadtwodaughterswho_______(be)beautiful.practisesiswere1.Oneof结构中：Tomisoneoftheboyswhowerelate.Tomisthe(only/theonly)oftheboyswhowaslate.2.I,who_____fondofmusic,decidetomajorinmusicatcollege.am定语从句（六）•引导词在从句中做宾语，可以省略。•Yourfriend(____________studiesinBeijingUniversity)cametoseeyouyesterday.•Heistheman(___________________youhavebeenwaitingfor.)Thenecklace(_____________Maryborrowedfromherfriend)wasmadeofglass.Thebook(thatIborroweditfromthelibrary)iswellwritten.ThewatchIgaveittoherworkswell.who/thatwho/that/whom/—which/that/—//定语从句（七）•关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语时，可以把从句中介词提前，放在先行词与关系代词之间，当介词提前，关系代词代指人仅用whom，代指物仅用which•Theman__________youtalkedtoisafamousactor.•Themanto______youtalkedisafamousactor.•Thebook__________________Iheardaboutwaswrittentenyearsago.•Thebookabout________Iheardwaswrittentenyearsago.whom/who/that/---whomwhich/that/----which1.Doyouknowthestudent_______?A.whomIoftentalkB.withwhoIoftentalkC.IoftentalkwithD.thatIoftentalk2.Canyoutellmethebook______theotherday?A.youtalkedaboutB.aboutthatyoutalkedC.thatyoutalkedD.whichyoutalkedCA定语从句（八）•当先行词为时间、地点名词，且从句中缺少时间、地点状语，用关系副词when,where引导从句。•当先行词为reason,且从句中缺少原因状语，用关系副词why引导从句Istillremembertheday_____IfirstcametoJixi.whenI’llneverforgetthetime_______weworkedonthefarm.whenThisisthehouse______welivedlastyear.whereThefactory______hisfatherworksisinthewestofthecity.whereThiswasthereason______Iwaslate.why•Tellthedifferencebetweenthem.•Thisisthefactory(_____________makesshoes.)•Thisisthefactory(______hisfatherworks.)•Thisisthefactory(_____________wevisitedyesterday.)•Theday(____________Iwillneverforget)isJanuary30th.•Icannotforgettheday(________Ijoinedtheparty).#•Pleasetellmethereason(_______youarelate.)•Hehastoldmethereason(_____________canexplainhisabsence(缺席)fromthemeeting.)•Thereason(______________hetoldus)wasnottrue.#which/thatwherewhich/that/---which/that/--whenwhywhich/thatwhich/that/---定语从句（九）1.关系副词when和where引导的定语从句中，when和where可以用介词+which来代替，介词要根据与先行词的关系来确定。Hewillremembertheyears________________hestudiedatcollege.when/inwhichThisisthefarm_______________myfatherusedtowork.where/onwhich2.关系副词why引导的定语从句中,why可以用for+which来代替Doyouknowthereasonwhy/forwhichhewaslate?1.Isthisthehospital_______heworkedtenyearsago?A.thatB.whichC.inwhichD.inwhere2.Hisuncleworksinafactory______bicyclesaremade.AthatB.whichC.whereD.inthat3.TheSecondWorldWar_____millionsofpeoplewerekilledendedin1945.AduringwhichB.inthatC.whereD.onwhichCCA定语从句（十）whose引导的定语从句•形式为:whose+名词,表示所属关系,即某人的…..或某物的……….,如.Doyouknowtheboywhosefatherisascientist?.Therearemanytreeswhoseleaveshavefallenbecauseofdisease..Thegirlwhosedressisredismysister.表示所属关系时,介词用of,关系代词为which/whom,即the+名词+of+which/whom,可转换为whose+名词.Helivesinaroom,thewindowofwhichfaceswest.Helivesinaroom,ofwhicht