C13 m3U3 宾语补足语-NADIA

UNIT3GrammarandusageObjectcomplementEither…orandneither…norSubject-verbagreementTasks•英语的五个基本句型结构：•S十V主谓结构Herunsquickly．•S十V十P主系表结构Thestorysoundsinteresting．•S十V十O主谓宾结构Theybuiltahouselastyear．•S十V十O1十O2主谓双宾结构Heofferedmehisseat/hisseattome．•S十V十O十C主谓宾补结构•Theyfoundherhappythatday．ObjectcomplementSituationone------Didyoufindanythingspecialwhenyouwenttotheclassroom?------No,Ididn’t.------Youfoundthedooropen,didn’tyou?------Oh,yes.ButIfoundnobodyintheclassroom.PositionV.+Object+objectcomplementE.g.:Theinspectorshotthedrug-dealerdead.(=Thedrug-dealwasshotdeadbytheinspector.)------Whatdoyouthinkaboutherperformance?------Weconsiderthatherperformanceisabigsuccess.(Weconsiderherperformanceabigsuccess.)------Whatdopeoplethinkaboutdogs?------Peoplebelievethatdogsarehonest.(Peoplebelievedogstobehonest.)SituationtwoUsageAnobjectcomplement,whichgivesinformationabouttheobject,canbeanoun,anounphrase,anadjective,ato-infinitive,abareinfinitive,oraprepositionalphrase.宾语补足语是补充宾语的成分,通常置于宾语之后。宾语+宾语补足语=复合宾语。可以用作宾补的有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词。•1、名词•Wemadehimourmonitor.•TheynamedtheirdaughterJenny.•注①：常用名词充当宾语补足语的动词有：call,name,elect,make,think,appoint,choose,find,consider,keep,wish,feel等。•注②：充当宾语补足语的名词若表示正式的或独一无二的头衔、职位时，前面一般不用冠词。TheyelectedJohnchairmanofthecommittee.•2、形容词•Youshouldkeepyourroomcleanandtidy.•注：常用形容词充当宾语补足语的动词有：believe,think,get,keep,make,find,set,like,wish,see,consider,prove,have,leave,以及paint,drive,turn,cut等。•副词•Ifoundhimout．•介词短语Ifoundnobodyintheclassroom.•3、现在/过去分词•I’msorrytohaveyouwaitingforsolong.•AtthismomentshenoticedJackcomingin.•当现在分词充当宾语补足语时，它与宾语之间有着主谓关系•IonceheardthissongsunginJapanese.•Ididn’twantthechildrentakenoutinsuchweather.•当过去分词充当宾语补足语时，它与宾语之间有着动宾关系4、不定式•Isawhimcomeinandgoout．我见他进来又出去。•IaskyoutoenjoyEnglish.•使用不定式作宾语补足语时，不定式符号to的取舍问题：•1）.在感官动词hear,listento,see,watch,notice,observe…和使役动词let,have,make等动词后的不定式需省去to。但变为被动语态时,不定式的to要还原。Isawhimcross/crossingtheroad.Hewasseen___________/____________theroad.感官动词和使役动词的宾补也可以是现在分词或过去分词。Themachinedoesn’twork.Imusthaveitrepairednow.•2).help一词后的不定式，可带to，也可以不带to。•3).v+sb.+todosth.结构中的动词,所接的宾补一般是不定式。•advise,allow,ask,beg,cause,expect,force,get,help,inspire,invite,order,permit,persuade,remind,request,require,teach,tell,train,urge,want,warn,wish等•在复合宾语中，宾语通常为名词或代词，但有时也可以用不定式（短语）或that从句来充当。这时，应使用先行it代替宾语，而将真正的宾语移到句子的后部，•Ifeltitnecessarytospeakaboutourshortcomings•Weallthoughtitapitythatyoucouldn’tjoinus.•注意：在这种结构中，宾语补足语通常为名词或形容词；常用于这种结构的动词有：feel,find,think,make,take,consider等。•Doyouconsideritanygoodtryingagain?Moreexampleswithanobjectcomplement(1)WemadehimchairmanofourStudents’Union.(2)Ifindthenovelinterestingandamusing.(3)Pleasekeepthecatout.(4)IamoftenkeptathomealldaylongonSunday.------WhatdoyouthinkaboutHarryPotter?------Ifindit________________________.Morepracticewithanobjectcompliment:------Whathappenedtotheman?------Themanwaskept_________.veryinteresting/aninterestingbookinprison/jailEither…orandneither…norSituation------IhavegotoneticketforLiuXiang’s110mhurdleracetobeheldinNanjing.Eitheryouoryourdesk-matecanhaveit.------IsitonSaturdayoronSunday?------ItisonnextMonday.------Oh,whatapity.IamafraidneitherInormydesk-matecanenjoyit.Usage(1)Either…or…canbeusedtoexpresstheideaofalternatives.e.g.:YoucanchooseeitherAorB,whichmeansyouhavetwochoices,i.e,youcanchooseanyoneofthetwo.(2)Neither…nor…canbeusedtojointwonegativeideastogether.e.g.:NeitherAnorBisproperinquestionone,whichmeansAisnotproper,andBisnotpropereither.Situationone------WhichlanguagecanIusetowritethespeech?(inEnglish/inChinese)Situationtwo------Whosefaultisit?(notyours/notmine)------YoucanwritethespeecheitherinEnglishorinChinese.------Itisneitheryourfaultnormine.It’syourfriendJack’sfault.Moreexamples(1)EitheryoumustimproveyourworkorIshalldismissyou.(2)---DoyoulikereadingbooksorwatchingTV?---Eitherwilldo.(3)NeitherJohnnorTomknowshowtogoskiing.(4)Itriedtwodresses,butneitherfitme.Morepractice------WhichonecanItake,Sir?------Iamafraid,youcantake____________________.neitherthegunnorthecigar------WherecanIstayonSaturdaynight,Sir?------Youcanstay______intheclassroom_____inthedormitory.eitherMorepracticeorHomeworkFinishofftheexerciseonP51.Subject-verbagreementGrammarrulesReadthe6pointsonPage10,findouttheusagesofsubject-verbagreement.Fillintheblankswiththerightformofthegivenverbs:(1)______(have)yourclassmatesfinishedtheirhomework?(2)MyfriendandI_____(want)toplayoutsideafterwatchingTV.(3)Mostofthestudents_____(prefer)EnglishtoMathematics.(4)___________(have)allofthecakebeeneatenup?(5)Collectingstamps_____(be)oneofhisfavoritepastimes.(6)_____(be)yourfamilyabigone?(7)Allmyfamily_____(get)upearlyinthemorning.(8)Neitherhisfathernorhismother______(play)thepiano.(9)Theremainsoftheoldcastle_____(be)destroyedinWorldWarTwo.(10)NotonlyJimbutalsohisParents_____(be)goingtoseeyounextSunday.HavewantpreferHave/hasisIsgetplayswereareExerciseone:Exercisetwo:Multiplechoice:1.Abouteightypercentofthestudentsinhisclass______belowsixteen.A.isB.areC.amD.be2.There______amapoftheworldandsomepicturesonthewall.A.isB