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1Chapter3HowtoDevelopaParagraph开头Introduction1.开头段的任务：介绍并引入话题；表明自己对话题的态度2.开头段常用的方法：赤裸裸型缠绵型假惺惺型忆苦思甜型忆甜思苦型求知型方法一：赤裸裸型特点：开门见山Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement?Parentsmakethebestteachers.Thereisaprincipalreasonforagreeingwiththestatementthatparentsmakethebestteachersanditisthefactthatchildrenareclosertoparentsthantoanyotherpeople.注意：篇幅短小，立场鲜明，适合“一边倒”。练习：2012.4.14Doyouagreeordisagreewiththestatement:Itisimportantforgovernmenttoprotectanimalsandwildernessareasforfuturegeneration.Inordertohaveabetterlifeinthefuture,itisdefinitelycrucialforthegovernmenttoprotectanimalsandwildernessareas.方法二：缠绵型特点：文艺青年，慢性子Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement?Parentsmakethebestteachers.Whenwethinkabouttherelationshipbetweenparentsandtheirchildren,wecansayparentsarethefirstteachersoftheirchildren,hencetheideaofparentsbeingthebestteachers.Thereareseveralreasonsforthat,suchasparentsbeingthefirstpeoplewhotheirchildrenmet,childrenhavingspentmostoftheirtimewiththeirparentsandchildrenhavinggrownupwiththeirparents’careaswell.练习：Doyouagreeordisagreewiththestatement:Itisimportantforgovernmenttoprotectanimalsandwildernessareasforfuturegeneration.2Thereisnodenyingthefactthatalltheparentswanttogivethebesttheyhavetotheirchildren.Whenwetalkabouttheanimalsandwildernessareas,Ithinkthegovernmentaresupposedtoprotectanimalsandwildernessareas.方法三：假惺惺型特点：一开始就把自己要驳斥的意见亮出来，甚至还“欲擒故纵”地说一两句可能用来支持他的理由。但之后就马上撕下伪装，开始用三个主体段铺天盖地地陈述反对的理由。结构：驳斥的意见+自己的观点Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement?Experienceisthebestteacher.Thereisanoldsayingthatabookisthebestteacher.Wecandefinitelylearnalotofknowledgefrombooks,however,Istillfirmlybelievethatexperienceisthebestteacherbecausethemostimportant,andsometimesthehardestlessonswelearntendtocomefromourparticipationinsituation.练习：2012.2.25Cantwopeoplebegoodfriendsifonepersonhasmoremoneythantheother?Thereisanoldsayingthatonlypeoplewhohavethesamesocialstatusandsameamountofmoneycanbefriends.However,Ireallycannotagreewiththis.Inmyopinion,friendshipisarelationshipwithunconditionalsupport,love,careandasenseofsecurity.Arealfriendshiptechnicallycouldn’tbejeopardizedbyfactorssuchasmoney.方法四：忆苦思甜型特点：先忆苦后思甜；适合用来讨论现在比过去有明显进步的现象，尤其Technology标志性词语：（忆苦）Historically,/Traditionally,/usedto/Itwasnotuncommonfor...todo（思甜）Atpresent,/Currently,/Inthisdayandage,/Inpresent-daysociety,/Thesedays/Intoday'ssociety,/Inthepresentage,/NowadaysDoyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement.Parentsshouldallowchildrentomaketheirownchoicesratherthandeterminetheirchildren’sfutureforthem.DuringtheIndustrialRevolution,inmanyEuropeancountrieschildrenworkedupto19hoursadayindingy（昏暗的）factoriesataveryearlyageandthefactoryownerscouldbeatthosewhofellasleepatworkordidn’tworkfastenough.Butnowevenparentsorteachersarenotcompletelyfreetodothingsastheypleasetothekidsbecausetheyareentitledtoprotectionandfarmorerights练习：32012.6.30Thebestwaytolearnaboutacountryistoreadthenewspapersandmagazinesfromthatcountry.Historically，becauseofthelackofcommunicationtools,it’snoteasyforustolearnaboutnationalaffairsofourowncountry,needlesstosay,someothercountries.Butinthepresentage,withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,wehavekindsofwaystogetinformation,likeTV,Internet,newspapersandmagazines.Peoplehavedifferentopinionsaboutwhichofthemisthebestway.However,inmyopinion,thebestwaytolearnaboutacountryistoreadthenewspapersandmagazines.方法五：忆甜思苦型特点：忆往昔（甜）+批判现实（苦）珍惜现在（甜）+担忧未来（苦）特别适合交通类，环境类，动物类或者涉及价值观的改变等比较让人担忧的话题例：Doyouagreeordisagreewiththestatement:Alwaystellingthetruthisthemostimportantconsiderationinanyrelationship.Itisatraditionalvirtuetotellthetruthinallsituation,butintoday’ssociety,itisincreasinglydoubtedbymanypeople.Theybelievethattellingthetruthisnotalwaysthebestpolicywhendealingwithpeople.Moreover,thelineoftruthisbecomingmoreandmorevague.However,Istillfirmlybelievethatitisimportantforustotellthetruthinrelationshipbetweenpeople.练习：2013.04.27(NA)Thebestwaytoreduceairpollutionisthatgovernmentshouldraisethecostoffuel（petrol）ofthecars.Whenwewerechildren,theairwasfreshandclear.Butnowadays,withthedevelopmentofautomobileindustry,thenumberofcarsisgreatlyincreasingandmeanwhiletheairpollutionisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.Howtoreduceairpollutionhasbecomeamainconcerninourdailylife.Therearedifferentwaystoachievethisgoal,butIthinkthebestwaytoreduceairpollutionisthatgovernmentshouldraisethecostoffuelofthecars.2012.4.14Doyouagreeordisagreewiththestatement:Itisimportantforgovernmenttoprotectanimalsandwildernessareasforfuturegeneration.Nowadays,thevarietyofanimalsandthewildernessareasaregreatlyreducing.Ifthiskeepsgoingon,ourfuturegenerationwillseenowildanimalsorplants.Therefore,Ithinkthatitisimportantforgovernmenttoprotectanimalsandwildernessareasforfuturegenerations.方法六：求知型特点：以一个或多个问句开头，引起考官关注。1.一般疑问句开头：4Doesscienceenableustochangetheworldforthebetter?2.特殊疑问句开头特殊疑问词：what,when,why,where,howWhatdoessciencebringtous?WhyaresomanypeoplefascinatedwithApple’sproducts?3.连续提问法(注意两者之间的递进关系)Whatonearthdoessciencebringtous?Doesscienceenableustochangetheworldforthebetter?提问式的开头的回答:Everycoinhastwosides