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◆高考总复习·英语◆第九讲虚拟语气返◆高考总复习·英语◆考点透析1．虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法。时间if从句动词主句动词与现在事实相反did(be改为were)should/could/might＋do与过去事实相反had＋donewouldhavedone与将来事实可能相反did/shoulddo/weretodowould/coulddo返◆高考总复习·英语◆例如：Ifshewerehere，everythingwouldbeallright.(Butsheisn'therenow.)Ifyouhadcomefiveminutesearlier，youwouldhavemetthefamouspopsinger.Ifitweretoraintomorrow，theoutingwouldbecancelled.Ifyoushouldvisitourschooltomorrow，youwouldseehowbeautifulitis.返◆高考总复习·英语◆2．wish＋宾语从句(宾语从句中的动词变化如下表)。时间动词形式例句与现在事实相反的愿望did(be改为were)IwishIweretenyearsyounger.与过去事实相反的愿望had＋过去分词Hewisheshehadgonetotheconcertlastnight.将来难以实现的愿望would/might/could＋动词原形Thelastchancehasbeenlost.Howhewisheshecouldhaveanotherchance.返◆高考总复习·英语◆3.在非真实条件状语从句中，如果含有were，had，should，可将if省去，将were，had，should放在主语前，构成倒装。例如：(1)WhatwouldhavehappenedhadBobwalkedfarther，asfarastheriverbank?(2)ShouldIfailthistime，Iwouldwaitforanotherchance.返◆高考总复习·英语◆4．在非真实条件状语从句中，有时条件从句与主句动作发生的时间是不一致的，这时动词的形式要根据动词所表示的时间来调整。这种非真实条件句叫混合虚拟条件句。例如：(1)Ifyouhadworkedharder，youwouldn'tbeafraidoftheexaminationnow.(2)Ifhehadfollowedthedoctor'sadvice，hewouldbequiteallrightnow.返◆高考总复习·英语◆5．有时假设的情况并不是以条件从句表示，而是通过一些介词短语或上下文等方式表现出来，这种句子叫含蓄虚拟条件句。or，otherwise，with，without，butfor(要不是)，under等词经常出现在含蓄虚拟条件句中。例如：(1)Hehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball，otherwisehewouldhavescoredagoal.(2)Withoutelectricityhumanlifewouldbequitedifferenttoday.返◆高考总复习·英语◆(3)Undermorefavorableconditions，thericewouldgrowmuchbetter.(4)Butforyourhelp，Iwouldstillbeworkinginthelabnow.6．情态动词的完成式大多能表示过去的虚拟事实(请参阅“情态动词”)。7．在下列句型中动词要用虚拟语气：ifitwerenotfor要不是因为·······，ifithadnotbeenfor要不是因为······，ifonly要是·······就好了！(表强烈愿望)返◆高考总复习·英语◆(1)Ifonlyhewerehere！要是他在这就好了！(2)Ifithadnotbeenforthesnow，wecouldhaveclimbedthemountainyesterday.要不是下雪，我们昨天就会去登山。(3)Ifonlyhehadlainquietlyasthedoctorinstructed，hewouldnotsuffersomuchnow.要是他能像医生嘱咐的那样安静地躺着的话，现在他就不会受这么多罪了。返◆高考总复习·英语◆8．wouldrather后的从句中，动词要用虚拟语气。如表示与现在的情形相反，动词用过去式；如表示与过去的情形相反，动词用had＋过去分词。例如：Tomiscomingsoon，butIwouldratherhecametomorrow.Janeiscryingsadly.Iwouldratheryouhadn'ttoldherthebadnews.返◆高考总复习·英语◆强化训练单句填空按照句子结构的语法性和句子连贯的要求，在空白处填上适当的词或使用括号中单词的正确形式填空。1．(2012·湖南卷)Sorry,Iamtoobusynow.IfI______time,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.2．(2012·福建卷)Welostourwayinthatsmallvillage,otherwisewe__________________moreplacesofinterestyesterday.(visit)hadwouldhavevisited返◆高考总复习·英语◆3．(2012·陕西卷)Ifmycar__________morereliable,IwouldhavedriventoLhasainsteadofflyinglastsummer.(be)4．(2012·浙江卷)Hadtheyknownwhatwascomingnext,they______________secondthoughts.(have)5．(2012·辽宁卷)Jackisagreattalker.It'shightimethathe________somethinginsteadofjusttalking.(do)6．(2012·江苏卷)—Happybirthday!—Thankyou!It'sthebestpresentI_______________for.(wish)hadbeenmighthavehaddidcouldhavewished返◆高考总复习·英语◆7．(2012·北京卷)We______________thedifficultytogether,butwhydidn'tyoutellme?(face)8．(2012·北京卷)Don'thandlethevaseasifit______madeofsteel.9．(2012·天津卷)WewouldhavecalledataxiyesterdayifHarold____________usaridehome.(offer)10．(2011·陕西卷)I_________________throughthatbitterperiodwithoutyourgeneroushelp.（go）couldhavefacedwerehadn'tofferedcouldn'thavegone返◆高考总复习·英语◆11．(2011·北京卷)MaybeifI_____________science,andnotliteraturethen,Iwouldbeabletogiveyoumorehelp.（study）12．(2011江苏卷)—Ileftmyhandbagonthetrain,butluckilysomeonegaveittotherailwayofficials.—Howunbelievabletogetitback!Imean,someone__________________it.（steal）13．(2011·北京卷)—Wherearethechildren?Thedinner'sgoingtobecompletelyruined.—Iwishthey________alwayslate.hadstudiedmighthavestolenweren't返◆高考总复习·英语◆14．(2011·安徽卷)—Whatdoyouthinkofstoreshoppinginthefuture?—Personally,Ithinkitwillexistalongwithhomeshoppingbut____________________.(replace)15．(2011·福建卷)—Pityyoumissedthelectureonnuclearpollution.—I___________________it,butIwasbusypreparingforajobinterview.（attend）wouldhaveattendedwillneverbereplaced返◆高考总复习·英语◆