高考语法填空非谓语动词的运用

非谓语动词不定式（todo)V-ingV-edasanounasadj.oradv.现在分词动名词过去分词非谓语动词的分类主语宾语表语定语状语宾补动名词√√√√不定式√√√√√√分词√√√√非谓语动词的语法功能非谓语动词的七大经典原则原则一：用作目的状语，…原则二：用作伴随状语，…原则三：用作结果状语，…原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，…原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，…原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，…原则七：用于名词后作定语时，…原则一：用作目的状语，原则上用不定式.原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上用-ing.原则三：用作结果状语，可用-ing/todo,原则区别是：-ing表示一定逻辑的结果，todo表示非逻辑的结果。原则四:凡是有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。如果动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动形式；如果动作正在进行，则用-ing的被动形式。原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，原则上其逻辑主语应与主句主语保持一致。原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，原则上要用完成式（-ing的完成式或不定式的完成式）原则七：用于名词后作定语，原则是：不定式表示动作尚未发生；-ing表示动作正在进行：过去分词表示动作完成，被动。使用条件一个句子当中，已经存在谓语动词,又没有连词的情况下,还有别的动词出现时,这些动词就充当了非谓语动词.非谓语动词的1.分析句子结构确定用非谓语动词确定（逻辑主语&语态）2.判断非谓语动词在句中的成分和作用3.判断时态确定恰当的非谓语动词形式•[例1]Igotonthebusandfoundaseatneartheback,andthenInoticedaman18(sit)atthefront.（2011广东卷）•[例2]Hespititout,__37___(say)itwasawful.（2010广东卷）若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。sittingsayingThefactthatsomanypeoplestillsmokeinpublicplaces_______thatwemayneedanationwidecampaigntoraiseawarenessoftherisksofsmoking.A.suggestB.suggestsC.suggestedD.suggestingB[例3]1.Ifyou_____totheleft,you'llfindthepostoffice.2._____totheleft,andyou'llfindthepostoffice.3.totheleft,you'llfindthepostoffice.TurningTurnturnturn充当句子成分状语宾语表语定语宾补逻辑主语主句中的主语所修饰的词句子的宾语（1）_______fromthetopofthehill,ourhouselookslikeacar.（2）_______thedogcomeover,ourfriendranaway.（3）_______fromthetopofahill,andyou’llfindthecitymorebeautiful.（4）_______moreclearly,theycameupandgotclosetoit.ToseeSeenSeeingSeesee1.When____________differentcultures,weoftenpayattentiononlytothedifferenceswithoutnoticingthesimilarities.2.__________withothertopstudents,youarebetter.comparingCompared(compare)compareAwithB（1）Thequestion_________________nowatthemeetingisveryimportant.（2）Thequestion________atthemeetinglastweekisveryimportant.（3）Thequestion__________________atthemeetingnextweekisveryimportant.beingdiscusseddiscussedtobediscusseddiscuss1._____manytimes,buthestillcouldn'tunderstandit.2._____manytimes,hestillcouldn'tunderstandit.A.HavingbeentoldB.ToldC.HewastoldD.TobetoldCA状态时间主动被动非谓语动词先发生（已完成）同时发生（在进行）未发生（将来）havingdonedone/havingbeendonedoingbeingdonetodotobedone172.Hewasconsideredthefirstman_______________(invent)thetelephone.1.Heisthebestone______(do)thejob.tohaveinventedtodo动词不定式的动作先于谓语动词的动作而发生用tohavedone再比较注：受thefirst，thesecond...thelast修饰的名词或代词后原则上要用不定式作定语。1.Ihaven’tdecidedwhichhotel_________.（stay)作定语的不定式是一个不及物动词，注意不可忽略不定式短语中的介词。tostayat其他常见的用法2.Therearefivepairs_____,butI’matalosswhichtobuy.A.tobechosenB.tochoosefromC.tochooseD.forchoosingB2.ofplayingfootball,hewentbacktotheclassroom.3.withdifficulty,herushedforwardbravely.1.inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.LostTiredFaced(face)（tire）（lose）有些过去分词源于系表结构，分词已经形容词化，相当于形容词belostin;beinterestedin;betiredof;besatisfiedwith;beexcitedabout;befacedwith;bedressedin；beseated1.Hehurriedtothebookingoffice，only_____________(tell)thatalltheticketshadbeensoldout.todo表示结果—表示出人预料的情况或结果，常用only强调。分词表示结果包含着一种必然发生的结果。2.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,____________(make)itthemostpopularsportintheworld.tobetoldmaking•非谓语动词考点语篇填空综合应用语篇填空用所给动词的适当形式填空•Freudwasoneofthefirstscientists1(make)seriousresearchofthemind.Themindisthecollectionofactivities2(base)inthebrainthatinvolvehowweact,think,feelandreason.Heusedlongtalkswithpatientsandthestudyofdreams3(search)forthecausesofmentalandemotionalproblems.Healsotriedhypnosis(催眠).Hewantedtoseeif4(put)patientsintoasleep-likeconditionwouldhelpease5(trouble)minds.Inmanycaseshefoundtheeffectsonlytemporary.Freudworkedhard,althoughwhathedidmightsoundeasy.Hismethodinvolved6(sit)withhispatientsand7(listen)tothemtalk.Hehadthem8(talk)aboutwhatevertheywerethinking.Allideas,thoughtsandanythingthatenteredtheirmindhadto9(express).Therecouldbeno10(hold)backbecauseoffearorguilt.语篇填空用所给动词的适当形式填空。Freudwasoneofthefirstscientists[1]_______（make）seriousresearchofthemind.Themindisthecollectionofactivities[2]________（base）inthebrainthatinvolvehowweact,think,feelandreason.tomakebased弗洛伊德(1856-1939；奥地利神经学家、精神病医学家、精神分析的创始人)Heusedlongtalkswithpatientsandthestudyofdreams[3]___________（search）forthecausesofmentalandemotionalproblems.Healsotriedhypnosis.Hewantedtoseeif[4]________（put）patientsintoasleep-likeconditionwouldhelpease[5]________（trouble）minds.Inmostcaseshefoundtheeffectsonlytemporary.tosearchputtingtroubledFreudworkedhard,althoughwhathedidmightsoundeasy.Hismethodinvolved[6]________(sit)withhispatientsand[7]________（listen）tothemtalk.Hehadthem[8]________（talk）aboutwhatevertheywerethinking.Allideas,thoughtsandanythingthatenteredtheirmindhadto[9]___________（express）.Therecouldbeno[10]________（hold）backbecauseoffearorguilt.sittinglisteningtalkbeexpressedholding1.分析句子结构确定用非谓语动词确定（逻辑主语&语态）2.判断非谓语动词在句中的成分和作用3.判断时态确定恰当的非谓语动词形式Homework金榜学案P47配套作业goodbye