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Wordsandexpressions1.abusen.滥用,妄用[C][U]辱骂[U]虐待;伤害[U]弊病;陋习[C]•vt.滥用,妄用•e.g.Heabusedhispowerwhileinoffice.•他在职时滥用权力。•虐待,伤害•Thosecaptiveswerephysicallyabused.•那些俘虏遭受了肉体上的摧残2.stressn.压力;重音,重读[C]beunder(the)stress(of)sufferfromstressthestressesandstrainsofmodernlife•n.强调,重要性[U]•e.g.Someschoollay/put/placestressonforeighlanguageeducation.•vt.加压力于;重读;强调•e.g.Hestressedtheimportanceofthetask.在压力下受到压力现代生活的压力和紧张3.adolescent青少年e.g.adolescentsbetween13and18andtheproblemstheyface.13至18岁的青少年以及他们面临的问题。英文中表示“儿童”的词:•Averyyoungchildisa_____,oran______(ratherformal).•Achildwhohasjustlearnedtowalkisa________.•Peopleaged13to19are_________oradolescents.•Ayouthisateenager,usuallymale.•BritishpeopleuseChildrenwhileAmericansuse______forallyoungpeople.babytoddlerinfantteenagerskids4.bann.禁令,禁止abanonsth•vt.禁止,取缔•bansb.from(doing)sth.•imposeaban•liftabane.g.Ourgovernmenthasput/imposed•abanonplasticbags.颁布禁令解除禁令5.dueto归因于,归功于一般作表语e.g.Theaccidentisduetoyourcarelessdriving.那意外事故归因于你驾驶不小心。beduetodosth定于某时做某事e.g.Heisduetospeakatthemeetingtomorrow.可以被causedby所代替表示因果关系的词和短语because从属连词,接从句,表示所叙述的理由是本句的重点;as\since从属连词,接从句,表示理由是已知的,而理由以外才是叙述的重点;for并列连词,不用于句首,至于第一分句之后,补充说明理由;第一分句表示推测时,用for说明推测的依据。becauseof“由于”,较口语化，只作状语owingto较正式，须用逗号与主句隔开thanksto“多亏了”多用于正面的意义asaresultof“因为”asaresult副短,“因此”therefore副词,“因此”so并列连词,“因此”withtheresultthat…接从句,“因此”６.addictedadj.“对某某上瘾”,“沉湎于某某”e.g.Mychildrenhavebecomehopelesslyaddictedtotelevision.我的几个孩子都成了电视迷,简直不可救药了。构词法addictn.吸毒成瘾的人addictionn.沉湎、成瘾addictiveadj.使人上瘾的addict常用于下列结构:addictoneselftosth.beaddictedtosth.beaddictedtodoingsth.沉溺于某物专心做某事;上了…..的瘾Theparentsfelthelplesswhentheyfoundtheirsonhad____lovestoriesforlong.A.addictedB.addictedtoC.addictedhimselfD.beenaddictedto７.accustomv.使人习惯于、养成习惯e.g.Shefounditnecessarytoaccustomherchildtogettingupearly.她觉得有必要让孩子养成早起的好习惯。常用句式1)accustom+名词/oneself+to+名e.g.Childrenarequicktoaccustomthemselvestonewsurroundings.孩子们很快就会适应新环境。2)beaccustomedto+名词e.g.Iamaccustomedtowalkinglongdistances.我习惯与长距离步行。3)get/becomeaccustomedto+名词e.g.Youwillsoongetaccustomedtothejob.你将会习惯于这个工作。注意:在英语中,to有时为动词不定式符号,后跟动词原形;有时用作介词,后跟名词、代词、或动名词。下面的这些短语中的to均为介词。stickto坚持leadto导致,通向payavisitto参观sentencesb.to宣判某人cometo谈到,涉及seeto处理，负责beupto总计devote…to致力于getdownto开始/着手８.quit动词,过去式和过去分词均为quit,现在分词为quitting,接动词-ing形式,“停止做”e.g.Shequitsmokingwhenshegotpregnant.她一怀孕就戒了烟。归类记忆:下列动词只能用-ing形式作宾语•admit,advise,allow,appreciate,avoid,celebrate,complete,consider,deny,forbid(禁止),fancy(想象),finish,keep,mention,mind,miss,pardon,permit,prevent,delay,discuss,dislike,enjoy,escape,excuse,explain,imagine,postpone(推迟),practise,quit,recall,recommend(要求),recollect(记起),resist(抵制),risk,suggest,tolerate,understand9.feellike想要,只表示一次的想法,后接动词-ing形式e.g.It’ssohottoday.Ifeellikegoingswimming.今天好热啊,我想去游泳。摸起来像……,像是……e.g.ThematerialfeelslikesilkItfeelslikerain.10.ashamedadj.feelsorryorembarassed•e.g.Sheisashamedtoasksuchasimplequestion.•相关短语：beashamedofsb./sth•beashamedthat…•beashamedtodo…•feelashamedforsb.•beashamedfordoingsth.11.inspiteof尽管,无视后接名词e.g.Shecan’tseeverywellinspiteofherglasses.尽管戴着眼镜她还是不能看得很清楚。Theboywentoutinspiteofhisfather’sorders.那男孩无视父亲的命令,径直出去了。12.getinto陷于,染上什么习惯getintothehabitof养成什么习惯。相当于fallintothehabitof或者formthehabitofe.g.Thegirlhasgotintothehabitofplayingwithherhairwhilereading.那个女孩养成了阅读时玩弄头发的习惯。短语联想getintotrouble惹上麻烦getintodebt负债累累getintoatemper大发脾气getintodeepwater陷于困境getintoone’shead有某种看法getintothewayof习惯于、学会13.atrisk=indangertakerisks/ariskattheriskof冒……的危险/风险atyourownrisk自担风险runtheriskof冒险(做某事)adolescents青少年cigarettes香烟quit停止,戒drugs毒品dueto归因于stress压力eventually终于alcohol酒addicted上瘾的manage管理,努力做Smoking________,drinking______ortakingother_____producemanyharmfuleffectsandhavenorealbenefits.Sowhydo__________doit?Somebecausetheybelieveitmakesthemlookcool.Othersthinkitwillhelpwith_____intheirlifepossibly_____pressurefromtheirparentsorteachers.alcoholdrugsadolescentsstressduetocigarettesSomejustwanttoseewhatitislike.Whattheydon’trealizeisthattheywillgetintothehabitand_________become_______.Itwillthenbedifficultto___thehabit.Afewpeople_______toquiteasilybutformanyitisaverypainfulprocess.Ofcourse,thebestwaytodealwiththesedrugsisnottostartinthefirstplace.eventuallyaddictedquitmanage