必修一Unit5NelsonMandela—amodernheroLanguagepoints语言要点(模块)单元要点预览(旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点)词汇部分词语辨析1.fightfor/against/with2.reward/award3.accept/receive4.since/because/as/for词形变化1.crueladj.残暴的,残忍的crueltyn.残暴,残忍2.hopen.v.希望;期望hopefuladj.有希望的,顺利的,有前途的hopelessadj.没有希望的;令人绝望的3.educatevt.教育educationn.教育;教育体制educatedadj.受过教育的;受过训练的重点单词1.devotevt.投入;献身2.votev.投票(决定);选举n.投票,选票,表决,得票数3.rewardn.报酬,奖金vt.酬谢,给以报答4.equaladj.平等的;相等的5.advisev.建议重点词组1.beinprison在狱中,被监禁2.outofwork失业,出问题3.loseheart丧失勇气或信心重点句子1.Wewereputinapositioninwhichwehadeithertoacceptwewerelessimportant,orfighttheGovernment.2.Onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.重点语法定语从句(见语法部分)Ⅰ词语辨析(旨在提供完形填空所需材料)1.fightfor/against/with【解释】fightfor/against/withfightfor为……而斗争;努力争取fightagainst与……作斗争fightwith和……并肩作战,和……打仗/打架/斗争【练习】用正确的fight短语填空1).Wewillhaveto________difficulties.2).Theytoldtheworkersto_________theirrights.3).DuringWorldWarII,theBritish_________FrenchmenagainstGermans.Keys:1).fightagainst2).fightfor3).foughtwith2.reward/award【解释】award用作名词时,意为“奖品”、“奖金”、“奖”;reward作名词时,作“报酬”、“奖励”、“报答”讲。【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1).Thefilm________arepresentedannually.2).A__________wasofferedforthereturnofthepassport.Keys:1).awards2).reward3.accept/receive【解释】accept(接受)表示主观上乐意接受。还表示“答应”、“同意”、“认同”receive(收到,得到),表示客观收到,还不能断定是否接受。还表示“接待”、“接收”、“欢迎”【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空I________hisletterofinvitation,butIdidn't________it.Keys:received…accept4.since/because/as/for【解释】since=nowthat意为“由于,既然”,常表示已知的或大家都清楚的原因。because表语气最强,经常表听者不知的原因,它能回答why的提问。as可和because互换,但语气不够它强,也不能回答why的提问。for是并列连词,与后面的分句对前一句话起到补充说明的作用,其前常有逗号隔开。【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1).Ican’tgo_________I’mill.2).________therainhasstopped,let’sgooutforawalk.3).________I’mleavingtomorrow,I’veboughtyouagift.4).Itmusthaverainedlastnight,________thegroundiswet.Keys:1).because2).Since3).As4).forII词性变化(旨在提供语法填空所需材料)1.crueladj.残暴的,残忍的crueltyn.残暴,残忍2.hopen.v.希望;期望hopefuladj.有希望的,顺利的,有前途的hopelessadj.没有希望的;令人绝望的3.educatevt.教育educationn.教育;教育体制educatedadj.受过教育的;受过训练的【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空1)Sheisahighly________woman(educate)2)Parentsshould_________theirchildrentobehavewell.(educate)3)Achildreceivesitsearly_________athome.(educate)4)Manyayoung_________wenttoHollywood.(hope)5)Our________forfineweatherwerenotdisappointed.(hope)6)MostofthestudentsaremakinggoodprogressbutJeremyseemsa________case.(hope)7)Don'tbe________toanimals.(cruel)8)Hesawalotof_________intheprisoncamp.(cruel)Keys:1)educated2)educate3)education4)hopeful5)hopes6)hopeless7)cruel8)crueltyⅢ重点词汇(旨在提供综合运用所需材料)1.devotevt.投入;献身[典例]1).Hedevotedhimselfentirelytomusic.他将一生奉献给了音乐。2).Marydevotedherlifetocaringforthesick.玛丽献身于为病人服务。[重点用法]devote…to…献身于;专心于在devote…to…短语中,to是介词,后面接名词或动词-ing。常见的类似短语还有:payattentionto(注意……);stickto(坚持……);leadto(导致……);prefer…to(相比……更喜欢……);lookforwardto(盼望……);[练习]中译英1).她深爱她的孩子。2).我们应全力以赴地工作。Keys:1).Sheisdevotedtoherchildren.2).Weshoulddevotealloureffortstoourtasks.2.votev.投票(决定);选举n.投票,选票,表决,得票数[典例]1).WevotedDemocratinthelastelection.我们在上次的选举中投了民主党的票。2).We’lllistentotheargumentsonbothsidesandthenvoteonit.我们会先听取双方的论证后再作表决。3).Thevotesarestillbeingcounted.选票仍在统计中。[重点用法]votedown投票否决;投票击败votein投票选出;选举votethrough表决通过put…tothevote将……付诸表决take/haveavoteon对……进行表决votefor/against投票赞成/反对[练习]用恰当的介词或副词填空。1).Thesuggestionwasvotedbyalargemajority.2).Shallwetakeavotethequestion?3).Theissuewasputthevote.4).Wasthevoteorthematter?Keys:1).through2).on3).to4).for;against3.rewardn.报酬,奖金vt.酬谢,给以报答[典例]1).Heworkedhardbutwithoutmuchreward.他工作很努力,但是报酬很少。2).Herewardedmewithaprize.他用一个奖励来报答我。[重点用法]inreward(for…)作为(对……的)报酬、报答givearewardtosb.forsth.为……给某人报酬、赏金rewardsb.for(doing)sth.因……报答、奖赏某人rewardsb.withsth.用……报答、奖赏某人[练习]中译英1).她的善良没有得到任何回报。_______________________________________________________________________________2).她向他报之以一笑。_______________________________________________________________________________Keys:1).Shegotnothinginrewardforherkindness.2).Sherewardedhimwithasmile.4.equaladj.平等的;相等的[典例]1).Womendemandequalpayforequalwork.女性要求同等工作获同等报酬。2).Allpeoplearebornequal.人人生来平等。[重点用法]beequalto与……相等beequalwith与……平等[练习]中译英1).一单位酒精等于半品脱啤酒。_______________________________________________________________________________2).他们认为,在上帝眼中穷人和富人是平等的。_______________________________________________________________________________Keys:1).Oneunitofalcoholisequaltohalfapintofbeer.2).TheybelievethatinthesightofGodthepoorareequalwiththerich.5.advisev.建议[典例]1).Ihaveadvisedyouonthatsubject.在那个问题上,我给过你建议.2).ChristieadvisesustopractiseoralEnglishasoftenaspossible.Christie建议我们要尽可能多练口语.3).Iadvisethatyou(should)noteatfruitthatisn’tripe.我建议你不要吃那些没有熟的水果.[重点用法]advisesb.onsth.就……给某人出主意advise+n./pron.建议……advisesb.todosth.建议某人干……advise(one’s)doingsth.建议(某人)干……advise+(that)sb.(should)doadvicen.建议;意见apieceofadvice一条建议gotosb.foradvice=asksb.foradvice向某人寻求建议;征询某人的意见giveadvicetosb.onsth.就……对某人提供建议followsb’sadvice=takesb’sadvice接受某人的建议[练习]中译英1).我建议换个方式。_______________________________________________________________________________2).我们建议他们应该及早开始。_______________________________________________________________________________Keys:1).I'dadvisetakingadifferent