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能力提升题组训练(B)Ⅰ.阅读理解AClimateaffectshealthWhenitcomestotheeffectsofclimatechange,weusuallythinkofmeltingicebergs(冰山)andrisingsealevels.Butfewwouldimagineitcouldactuallyimpactourmentalhealthaswell.ArecentstudybyecoAmericaandtheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationfoundjustthat.Itwasdiscoveredthatdisasterslinkedtoclimatechangecouldcauseshockduetopersonalinjuries,lossofalovedone,damagetopropertyoreventhelossoflivelihood.Whenthenegativeemotionscausedbytheseeventseventuallygoaway,theymaybereplacedbylonger-termmentalimpacts.Forexample,bothsuicidesandsuicidalthoughtsmorethandoubledamongpeopleinLouisiana,US,afterHurricaneKatrinahappenedin2005,accordingtothereport.Nearlyhalfofthepeoplelivingintheaffectedareadevelopedanxietyoramooddisordersuchasdepression.However,disastersalonearen’ttheonlycausesofclimatechange-relatedmentalhealthproblems.Changesinclimatealsoharmagriculture,infrastructure(基础设施)andlivability(宜居度),whichinturnaffectjobsandqualityoflife.Asaresult,somepeopleareforcedtoleavetheirhomesandbecomeso-calledclimaterefugees.Theseeffectscanleadtoalossofpersonalandprofessionalidentity,orcausefeelingsofhelplessnessandfear.Theeffectscanalsohaveanimpactonphysicalhealth.Highlevelsofstressandanxietyarelinkedtoconditionssuchasaweakenedimmunesystem.Inaddition,climatechangeisinfluencingthewaycommunitiesinteract(互动).Bothlong-termeffectssuchasdroughtsandextremeweather,suchashurricanes,havebeenshowntomakepeoplemoreaggressiveaccordingtoearlierstudies.Butthereisnoneedtopanic.Theauthorsofthereportsuggestedseveralstrategiespeoplecanusetocopewiththenegativementalimpactsofclimatechange.SusanClayton,leadauthorofthereportandaprofessorofpsychologyattheCollegeofWooster,US,saidthemostimportantthingistoencouragesocialconnections,makepeoplefeelmoresecureandgivethemgreateraccesstoinformation.Anotherimportantfactorisbeingprepared.“Thefactthatmostofusignoreclimatechangemakestheeffectsworsebecausewedon’treallyknowwhattoexpectanditseemsscaryandunknown”,ClaytontoldTheWashingtonPost.“Butifweinformourselvesthatthat’swhatislikelytohappeninourarea,wewouldbemorepreparedandincontrolofthesituation.”sheadded.1.Thearticlemainlytalksabout.A.thenegativeemotionscausedbynaturaldisastersB.whycertainpeoplereacttoclimatechangedifferentlyC.theeffectsofclimatechangeonmentalhealthandsomepossiblesolutionsD.howthestudyofnegativefeelingsledtoabetterunderstandingofclimatechange2.Whichofthefollowingpeoplecouldbecalledaclimaterefugee?A.AfarmerwholosthiskidsinHurricaneKatrina.B.Afishermanwhogaveuphishomeduetorisingsealevels.C.Amanwhoexperiencedatyphoonsufferingfromdepression.D.Awomanwhoisextremelyafraidofstormyweather.3.Wecanlearnfromthelastfourparagraphsthat.A.climatechangehasbecomeawidelyrecognizedpublicissueB.thepublicneedsimmediateaccesstoinformationaboutclimatechangeC.thethreatofclimatechangeisnotasbigasitseemsD.theinfluenceofclimatechangecouldbereducedifpeoplepreparedmore语篇解读:本文是议论文。本文指出气候对人体的影响及相关应对措施。答案及剖析:1.C主旨大意题。全文指出气候改变对人体尤其是精神方面的影响及应对措施。故C项正确。2.B推理判断题。由第四段“Asaresult,somepeopleareforcedtoleavetheirhomesandbecomeso-calledclimaterefugees”可知,由于天气变化的原因被迫弃家而去的一些人称之为climaterefugees,可推知B项正确。3.D推理判断题。由后四段尤其是最后两段的具体描述和倒数第三段的论断可知D项正确。BThefreezingNortheasthasn’tbeenaterriblyfunplacetospendtimethiswinter,sowhenthechancecameforaweekendtoSarasota,Florida,mybagswerepackedbeforeyoucouldsay“sunshine”.IleftforthelandofwarmthandvitaminC(维生素C),thinkingofbeachesandorangetrees.Whenwetoucheddowntoblueskiesandwarmair,Isentupasmallprayerofgratefulness.Swimmingpools,winetasting,andpinksunsets(atnormaleveninghours,not4intheafternoon)filledtheweekend,butthebestpart-particularlytomytaste,dulledbymonthsofcold-weatherrootvegetables-wasa7a.m.adventuretotheSarasotafarmers’marketthatprovedtobemorethanworththeearlywake-upcall.Themarket,whichwasfoundedin1979,setsupitstentseverySaturdayfrom7a.m.to1p.m.,rainorshine,alongNorthLemonandStatestreets.Basketsofperfectredstrawberries;thered-paintedsidesoftheJavaDawgcoffeetruck;andmostofall,thetomatoes:amazing,large,softandroundredtomatoes.Disappointedbymanyabroken,vine-ripened(蔓上成熟的)promise,I’verefusedtobuywintertomatoesforyears.Nomatterhowattractivetheylookinthestore,onceIgetthemhomethey’reunfailinglydry,hard,andtasteless.ButIhomedin,withuncertainty,ononeparticulartableattheBrown’sGroveFarm’sstand,fulloffreshandsofttomatoesthesizeofmyfist.Theseweretherealdeal-andatthatmoment,IrealizedthatthebestpartofSarasotainwinterwasgoingtobeeatingthingsthatbackhomeinNewYorkIwouldn’tbeexperiencingagainformonths.DelightedasIwasbythetomatoesinsight,myhappinessdeepenedwhenIlearnedthatBrown’sGroveFarmisoneofthesuppliersforJackDusty,anewlyopenedrestaurantattheSarasotaRitzCarlton,where-luckilyforme-Iwasplanningtohavedinnerthatverynight.Withoutevenseeingthemenu,IknewI’dbeorderingeverytomatoonit.4.WhatdidtheauthorthinkofherwinterlifeinNewYork?A.Exciting.B.Boring.C.Relaxing.D.Annoying.5.Whatmadetheauthor’sgettingupearlyworthwhile?A.Havingaswim.B.Breathinginfreshair.C.Walkinginthemorningsun.D.Visitingalocalfarmers’market.6.WhatcanwelearnabouttomatoessoldinNewYorkinwinter?A.Theyaresof