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能力提升题组训练(B)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2018桂林全程模拟)SomepeoplesayglobalEnglishisnolongerjustcontrolledbyBritishorAmericanEnglish,butisrunningfreeanddevelopinguniquelocalforms.Canyoufigureoutthefollowingterms?“Ilikeyoursmile,butunlikeyouputyourshoesonmyface.”Thisisawayofsaying“Keepoffthegrass.”Or“peoplemountain,peoplesea”,whichmeans“verycrowded”.TheseexamplesarewhatwecallChinglish.WhenitcomestoChinglish,ifallyouknowis“goodgoodstudy,daydayup”,youwillbeconsidered“outman”.Nowadays,moreChinglishwordshavebeencreated,forexample,aChineseidiomistranslatedas“smilence”,acombinationoftheEnglishwordssmileandsilence.ChinglishusuallyoffersahumorouslookatthemisuseoftheEnglishlanguageinChinesestreetsigns,products,andadvertising.TheyarefavoredbysomeEnglish-speakingtouristsandvisitors.DominicSwirehasbeenlivinginBeijingforacoupleofyears.Hesaid,“IthinkmanyChinesepeoplecomplainabouttheChinglishandbadlytranslatedEnglish.Butyouknow,sometimesforusforeigners,it’sactuallyquitecharmingtoseethem.IthinkifthetranslationsofEnglishinChinawereallperfect,thensomethingwouldbelostfromtheChineseculture.”However,Chinglishwillprobablybecomea“culturalrelic”inthenearfuture.Beijinghasmadeacomprehensiveplantoimproveforeignlanguageservicesandeliminate(消除)Chinglishwithinfiveyears.“ItisveryridiculoustoseeChinglishonthesignsinsomescenicspots.AndtheyareakindofbarriersforcommunicationbetweenChineseandpeoplefromothercountries,”aBeijingersaid.SomeChineseuniversityexpertssidewithChinglish.TheyarguethatEnglishhasabsorbedelementsfromotherlanguagessuchasFrenchandSpanishinitsgrowth,andnowit’sChinese’sturn.1.WhatcanwecallChinglish?A.TheEnglishwordswhichgetnewChinesemeanings.B.TheChinesewordswhicharedifficulttotranslate.C.ThewordscombiningEnglishvocabularyandChinesegrammar.D.ThelocalwordspreventingforeignerstolearnChinesewell.2.Whowillbecalled“outman”accordingtothepassage?A.ApersonwhoknowslittleaboutChinglishwords.B.Astudentwhohateslearningforeignlanguages.C.Atouristwhofailstounderstandlocaltranslations.D.Anexpertwhodoesn’tsupportChinglishatall.3.WhatisSwire’sattitudetoChinglish?A.ItcanshowthehumorofChinese.B.Itwillattractmoreforeigntourists.C.IthelpshimtolearnChinesewell.D.ItseemspartofChineseculture.4.Chinglishislikelytobecomea“culturalrelic”inBeijingbecause.A.ithasbecomeauniquebridgebetweenChineseandEnglishB.ChinglishisachancetoenrichChineseandEnglishC.itimprovestheunderstandingbetweenChineseandforeignersD.BeijingisdeterminedtogetridofChinglish语篇解读:本文介绍了“中式英语”的特征及发展状况和趋势。答案及剖析:1.C推理判断题。根据文中第二段列举的例子可推知,将英语词汇和汉语语法结合起来的表达方式就叫做中式英语。故选C。2.A细节理解题。根据文章第三段的第二句可知,如果你只知道“goodgoodstudy,daydayup”这一句中式英语的话,你就跟不上时代了,故选A。3.D细节理解题。根据文章第五段中Swire的观点可以判断出,现在对于外国人来说,中式英语很吸引人,它已成为中国文化的一部分了。故选D。4.D细节理解题。根据文章第六段中的“BeijinghasmadeacomprehensiveplantoimproveforeignlanguageservicesandeliminateChinglishwithinfiveyears.”可以判断出,北京已经开始计划在五年之内清除中式英语。故选D。B(2018南通、扬州、泰州、徐州高三三模)Symboliccommunicationintheformoflanguageunderliesouruniqueabilitytoreason—ortheconventionalwisdomholdsso.AnewstudypublishedinScience,though,suggestsourcapacitytoreasonlogicallymaynotactuallydependonlanguage,atleastnotfully.Thefindingsshowbabiesstilltooyoungtospeakcanreasonandmakereasonabledeductions.Theauthors—ateamfromseveralEuropeaninstitutions—studiedinfants(婴儿)aged12and19months,whenlanguagelearningandspeechproductionhasjustbegunbutbeforecomplexmasteryhasbeenachieved.Thechildrenhadtoinspectdistinctobjectsrepeatedly—suchasadinosaurandaflower.Theitemswereinitiallyhiddenbehindablackwall.Inonesetofexperimentstheanimation(动漫)wouldshowacupscoopingup(舀出)thedinosaur.Halfofthetime,thebarrierwouldthenberemovedtoreveal,asexpected,theremainingflower.Intherestoftheinstances,though,thewallwoulddisappearandaseconddinosaurwouldbethere.Thechildrendeducedintheselatteroccurrencesthatsomethingwasnotquiteright,eventhoughtheywereunabletoexpressinwordswhatwaswrong,Eye-tracking—acommonlyusedtechniquetojudgementalabilitiesinpreverbal(语前的)childrenandapes—showedinfantsstaredsignificantlylongeratsceneswheretheunexpectedobjectappearedbehindthebarrier,suggestingtheywereconfusedbythereveal.“Ourresultsindicatethattheacquisitionoflogicalvocabularymightnotbethesourceofthemostfundamentallogicalbuildingblocksinthemind,”saysleadstudyauthorNicolóCesana-Arlotti.Amajorcomponentofhumanlogic,henotes,relatestothinkingaboutalternativepossibilitiesandeliminatinginconsistentones:Doesthedinosaursitbehindthebarrierordoestheflower?Inaformallogicthisiscalledadisjunctivesyllogism(析取三段论):AorB;notifA,thereforeB.Cesana-Arlottiacknowledgeshisfindingsdonotdenytheimportanceoflanguageandsymboliccommunicationtohumanbraindevelopment,andtoourevolutionarybackstory.Yetthenewresearchsuggeststhatperhapsitisnotentirelynecessarytoshapethebrain’slogicalreasoningcapacities.Heplansfurtherworkstudyinghowlogicbeforethedevelopmentoflanguagemightstilldifferfromreasoningabilitiesthatappearoncelanguagecomesalong,aslanguagemayopenadditionalreasoningabilitiesunavailabletothespeechlessbrain.“Toourknowledge,nobodyhaseverdirectlydocumentedlogicalreasoningin12-month-oldinfantsbefore,”headds.5.Wecanlearnfromthenewstudypubli