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能力提升题组训练(B)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2018高考命题专家原创卷三)Inthefighttoconservetropicalrainforests,here’satoolyoudon’toftenhearabout:orangepeels.Specifically,12,000tonsofthem,dumped(倾倒)ontheland.“Youdon’tusuallyassociatewastetreatmentwithbiodiversitybenefits,somethingthat’sgoodfortheenvironment.”TimTreuerisanecologistatPrincetonUniversity,andhe’stalkingaboutauniqueconservationstory.Itstartedintheearly1990s,whenanorangejuiceproducercalledDelOrosetupacompanyneartheGuanacasteConservationAreainCostaRica,aregionthatcontainsseveralnationalparksandawildlifeprotectionzone.DelOroneededsomewheretodumptheorangepeels,andthecompanyalsoownedforestedlandnexttotheparklandthatithadnointentionofgrowingcropson.Soadealwasstruck:ifDelOrodonateditsforestedland,itcoulddumporangepeelwasteondegraded(退化的)landwithintheconservationarea.Thenathousanddumptrucks’worthoforangepeelswerelyingonthelandin1998.“Andwithinaboutsixmonthstheorangepeelshadbeenturnedfromorangepeelsintothisthickblackrichsoil.”“Icouldn’tevenfindthesitethefirsttimeIsawit.”Hecouldn’tfinditbecause,over16years,theorangepeelwastehadsentthelandonajourneytobecomeavine-chokedjungle,withthreetimesthediversityoftreespeciesoftheneighboringcontrolplot,richersoilandamuchthickercovering.Inotherwords,theexperimentwasasuccess.TheresultsappearinthejournalRestorationEcology.Treuersaysperhapsthislessoncouldbeappliedelsewhere.“It’sashamethatweliveinaworldwithnutrient-limiteddegradedecosystemsandalsonutrient-richwastestreams.We’dliketoseethosethingscometogetheralittlebit.That’snotalicenseforanyagriculturalcompanytojuststartdumpingtheirwasteproductsonprotectedareas,butitdoesmeanthatlandmanagers,peopleinvolvedwithindustrial-scaleagriculturaloperationsshouldstartthinkingaboutwaystodothoughtfulexperimentationtoseeifintheirparticularsystemtheycanhavesimilarwin-win-winresults.”1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inParagraph2referto?A.Wastetreatment.B.Aconservationstory.C.Anorangejuicecompany.D.Thebiodiversitybenefit.2.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutorangepeels?A.Theyareparticularlyhardtobreakdown.B.Theycanchangethecolorofthelandsoil.C.Theyarebeneficialtobiologicaldiversity.D.Theycangraduallydestroythesurfacesoil.3.WhatdoTreuer’swordsinthelastparagraphsuggest?A.Wastecanbeusedforenvironmentalprotection.B.Nowastecanbethrownrandomlyontheprotectedareas.C.Large-scaleagriculturaloperationsstartwithexperiments.D.Landmanagersmustbereadytotakeontheirresponsibility.语篇解读:本文是说明文,主要介绍了倒在退化土地上的废弃橘子皮竟成了保护热带雨林生物多样性的工具。答案及剖析:1.B细节理解题。根据第二段中的TimTreuerisanecologistatPrincetonUniversity,andhe’stalkingaboutauniqueconservationstory.可知,It指代的应是TimTreuer要讲的有关生态保护的故事。2.C细节理解题。根据第一段中的Youdon’tusuallyassociatewastetreatmentwithbiodiversitybenefits,somethingthat’sgoodfortheenvironment.和第四段中的withthreetimesthediversityoftreespeciesoftheneighboringcontrolplot,richersoilandamuchthickercovering.可知,橘子皮对生物多样性是有益的。3.A推理判断题。根据最后一段中Treuer所说的话,尤其是It’sashamethatweliveinaworldwithnutrient-limiteddegradedecosystemsandalsonutrient-richwastestreams.We’dliketoseethosethingscometogetheralittlebit.可知,Treuer认为,我们生活在营养受限的、退化的生态系统中,同时却有许多营养成分丰富的、泛滥成灾的废弃物,我们想看到这些东西能一点点地整合利用起来。再结合文章的主旨可知,Treuer认为我们可以利用废弃物来保护环境。BMusicismagic!Musicspeakslouderthanwordsanditisa“language”thatthewholeworldcanunderstand.Apieceofmusiccanproducearesponseintheheartandmind.Likefeelinganelectricalcurrentorreceivingapersonalradiosignal,musichasaspiritualeffectonaperson.Differentkindsofmusicinfluencepeopleindifferentways.Ihavelistenedtomusicallmylife.WhenIwastwelveyearsold,theBeatlescametoAmericaandmywholeworldopenedup.MaybeyoungpeopletodaycannotunderstandtheinfluenceoftheBeatleswhentheyexplodedacrossAmerica.Theirinfluencechangedthewaywedressed,looked,actedandspoke...evenourculture.TheBeatlesarrivedinAmericafromtheUKjustthreemonthsaftertheassassination(暗杀)ofPresidentJohnKennedy,whichhadputAmericaintoagreatdepression.AndthefreshnessandlivelyspiritoftheBeatleswasexactlywhatthecountryneededtorefreshitself.Musiclinkstheheartofthehearerwiththatofthecomposer.Thismeansthatitmixesthespiritofthecomposerwithyourspiritwhenyoulistentoit.Andthemusiccantakeyourspiritoutofyourbodyandtransportyouintoanotherworld.Musichasagreatwayoftouchingpeople.Musiccanmakeyoulaugh,cryorshout.It’salsoagreatsourceofinspiration.Trythisonedayandnoticewhathappens:makeyourselfacupoftea,sitonyoursofaandplayoneofyourfavoritesongs.Closeyoureyes,andsoonyou’llfindyourselfcreatingvividmentalimages—matchingthemusicthatyouarelisteningto.4.Musichasmagicalpowerbecauseit.A.isakindoflanguageB.canbeplayedmuchlouderthanwordsC.receivesapersonalradiosignalD.caninfluenceaperson’sspirit5.WhatcanwelearnabouttheBeatlesfromthepassage?A.TheywerethebiggestbandinAmericanhistory.B.TheyarenotacceptedbymodernAmericanpeople.C.TheyappearedataspecialtimeinAmericanpolitics.D.TheyrepresentedtherootsofAmericanculture.6.Musicinfluencespeopleinthefollowingwaysexcept.A.connectingthelistenerandthecomposermentallyB.transportingpeoplefromoneplacetoanotherC.allowingpeopletoexpresstheiremotionsD.touchingandinspiringpeople7.Whatdoesthewritersuggestpeopledointhelastparagraph?A.Relaxandlisten