1一、单句填空1.________(catch)theearlyflight,weorderedataxiinadvanceandgotupveryearly.答案:TocatchTocatch在此作目的状语。句意:为了赶上早航班,我们提前订了出租车并且起得很早。2.Theparkwasfullofpeople,________(enjoy)themselvesinthesunshine.答案:enjoyingenjoying为现在分词作伴随状语,与people形成逻辑上的主谓关系。句意:公园里人山人海,他们在沐浴着阳光愉快地玩耍。3.If________(accept)forthejob,you'llbeinformedsoon.4.________(absorb)inpainting,Johndidn'tnoticeeveningapproaching.答案:Absorbed动词absorb有“使专心”之意,常见短语beabsorbedin,所以用过去分词作原因状语。5.________(work)fortwodays,Stevemanagedtofinishhisreportonschedule.答案:Havingworked该题逻辑主语是Steve,与动词work是主谓关系,已知谓语动词为managedtofinish,“成功完成”,比较动作work和已知谓语可知,先工作两天,才成功完成,因此用可表示发生在已知谓语动词之前的havingworked。6.AfterreceivingtheOscarforBestSupportingActress,AnneBenedictwenton________(thank)allthepeoplewhohadhelpedinhercareer.答案:tothankgoon后接todo或doing作宾语均可以,但是goondoing表示“继续干同一件事”,而goontodo则表示“继续干另一件事”。由语境可知,AnneBenedict在接受奖项后又继续干另一件事,即:感谢帮助过她的人,故要用动词不定式作宾语。句意:在获得奥斯卡最佳女配角奖项之后,AnneBenedict继续感谢所有曾经在她的职业生涯中帮助过她的人。7.BackfromhistwoyearmedicalserviceinAfrica,Dr.Leewasveryhappytoseehismother________(take)goodcareofathome.答案:taken分析结构可知,此处是“see+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,宾语补足语可以是do,doing或者done。若宾语与补语之间为主谓关系,且强调动作的全过程,用省略to的动词不定式,即do;若宾语与补语之间为主谓关系,且强调动作正在进行,用doing;若宾语与补语之间为动宾关系,用过去分词作宾补。此处hismother与takegoodcareof之间为动宾关系,要用taken作宾补。句意:在非洲医疗服务两年后回来,李博士看到他的母亲在家里被照顾得很好,他很高兴。8.Listeningtomusicathomeisonething,goingtohearit________(perform)liveisquiteanother.[来源:学,科,网Z,X,X,K]答案:beingperformed由live(现场直播)可知“听到音乐正在被演奏”,故填beingperformed。9.Whentheclerksawakindfacewrinkledinanapologeticsmile,shestoodrootedtotheground,________(wonder)whethertostayorleave.答案:wondering句意:当店员看到一张慈祥的脸上挤出一副抱歉的笑容时,她愣愣地站在了那里,不知是去还是留。此句的谓语动词是stood,所以wonder在此用ing形式作伴随状语。210.SometimesIactasalisteningearforfellowstudents________(talk)overwhatisbotheringthem.[来源:学+科+网Z+X+X+K]答案:totalktalkover讨论。分析句子结构可知actasalisteningearforfellowstudentstodosth.中的todosth.是作students的宾语补足语。句意:有时我充当一个倾听者来倾听我的同学们讨论他们的烦心事。11.Likeancientsailors,birdscanfindtheirway______(use)thesunandthestars.答案:usingusingthesunandthestars在句中作状语,与逻辑主语birds构成主动关系,故用现在分词。句意:像古代水手那样,鸟可以利用太阳和恒星来找到路。学科网12.________(learn)moreaboutChineseculture,JackhasdecidedtotakeChinesefolkmusicasanelectivecourse.答案:Tolearn由语境可知,此处是动词不定式作目的状语。句意:为了更多地了解中国文化,杰克决定把中国民间音乐作为选修课。13.InrecentyearsanEnglishword“infosphere”hasappeared,________(combine)thesenseof“information”and“atmosphere”.答案:combining由语境可知,infosphere与combine之间为主谓关系,故要用doing作状语。句意:近几年,一个英语单词infosphere出现了,它把“信息”与“气氛”的含义结合在一起。14.Muchtime________(spend)sittingatadesk,officeworkersaregenerallytroubledbyhealthproblems.答案:spent本句为独立主格结构。逗号后为主句,逗号前为独立主格作原因状语。time与spend是被动关系,故填spent。句意:因为花费很多时间坐在桌子旁,办公室职员一般都受健康问题的困扰。15.Whenanewdaybreaks,thewallshavegivenuptheirheatandarenowcoldenough________(cool)thehouseduringthehotday.二、单句改错1.Evenwhenitcomestoshakehands,ladiescomefirst.答案:shake改为shaking在whenitcomesto...句型中,to为介词,所以要用动名词作to的宾语。2.Theexpresscompanywillgetallthesegoodsreceiveddeliveringtothecustomerstoday.答案:delivering改为delivered句意为:快递公司今天将会把所有这些收到的货物派送给顾客们。deliver与其逻辑主语thesegoods之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,即thesegoods为deliver动作的承受者,所以应用过去分词作宾语补足语,此处为“get+宾语+宾补”结构。3.Itisdifficulttounderstandingwhyshebarkseveryminuteshe'soutside.答案:understanding改为understandIt'sdifficulttodosth.意为“做某事是困难的”,其中to为动词不定式符号,其后要跟动词原形。故将understanding改为understand。4.I,togetherwithmytwofriends,waseatingdinnerataChineserestaurant,locatinginthecenterofNewYork.答案:locating改为located句意为:我和我的两个朋友一起,正在位于纽约市中心的一家中餐馆里用餐。(be)locatedin...为固定用法,意为“坐落于……”。故将locating改为located。35.Weallenjoyedthepreciousdaygreatly,rememberthetimewespenttogether.答案:remember改为remembering句意为:我们所有人都很享受这宝贵的一天,记着我们一起度过的时光。句中已有谓语动词enjoyed,因此remember应用非谓语动词形式;remember与主语we之间构成主动关系,故用现在分词形式。6.Butnowweoftendiscussandtrytosolvetheproblemsraisingbytheteachersorourselves.答案:raising改为raised句意:但现在我们经常讨论并尽力解决老师或我们自己提出来的问题。根据by可知,“问题”是“被老师或我们自己提出”,故应用过去分词作定语。7.Theabilityexpressone'sideasomehowdecideshowfaronecangetalonginone'scollege.答案:express前加to句意为:一个人表达思想的能力在一定程度上决定了他在大学里的发展。抽象名词ability等词后通常用不定式作定语。8.TheofficeoftheStudents'Unionwillcontactthechoosingcandidatesforaninterviewinafewdays.答案:choosing改为chosen句意为:几天后,学生会办公室将联系已被选出的候选人来面试。这里指的是“已被选出的候选人”,表示被动和完成,所以用过去分词作定语。9.TraveltoaplaceIhaveneverbeentocertainlycanbroadenmymind.10.Theycouldn'thelpsaythattheirsonhadgrownup.答案:say改为sayingcan'thelpdoing“禁不住做某事”,是固定短语。三、语法填空WhenIwasyoung,welivedinwhatisnowaforestpreserve.Peoplehadthehabitofabandoningdogs,__1__drovemypoormothercrazy!Wewerenotrichandalreadyhadadog.__2__(look)outofthewindowmymothercomplainedtousabouttheirresponsibleandcruelperson,whohadjustthrownadog.We__3__(tell)tostayawayfromthedogaswecouldnotaffordit.Ifelt__4__(extreme)upset,andIcouldn'tbelievemymotherrefusedtohelptheanimal.Shesaid,“Herewearenottheonlyone.Letotherstakecare__5__thecreature.”__6__poordoglayattheendofthedrivewayandhardlymoved.Iwasverysad,butdarednotsayanythingtomymother.LaterthatdayIcouldn'tfindmymotherinthehouse.Ilookedineveryroombutshewas__7__(go).ThenIsawmymother__8__(come)homewiththedog.Wekidsranoutside__9__(greet)ournewfriend.Mymotherdidn'tsaywhyshe__10__(change)hermind.It'sn