the surprising purpose of travel

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Thesurprisingpurposeoftravel令人惊奇的旅行目的It's4:15inthemorning,andmyalarmclockhasjuststolenawayalovelydream.IalmostreturnbacktosleepbeforemyeyecatchesmypackedsuitcaseandIgroan,rememberingthatI'mgoingtotheairport.Thetaxiislateandthenlost,andI'mgettingincreasinglynervousthatI'llmissmyflight.Iruninwhenwearrive,staggerthroughsecurityandfinallygettomygate.Afterallthetroubleofthismorning,myflightiscanceledandI'mstuckinthisterminalforthenext218minutes,andmyonlyconsolationisacupofcomplimentaryairportcoffee.Thisistraveling,aburdensomeseriesofrunningandwaiting,andaftercountlesshours,finallygettingthere.早晨四点一刻,闹钟把我从美梦中惊醒,要不是突然看见早已收拾好的行李箱,我几乎又要睡着。想起来还要去机场,我叹了口气。出租车来晚了,并且在途中迷了路,我越来越担心会赶不上飞机。出租车一到机场我就冲进去,跌跌撞撞通过安检处,终于,我来到了登机口。经历这一早所有的麻烦事,我乘坐的航班却被取消了。在接下来的218分钟里,我被困在了机场,唯一觉得安慰的是机场提供的一杯免费咖啡。这就是旅行,让人心烦的跑跑停停。最终,在不知经过多少小时之后,终于到达要去的地方。Whydowetravel?Idon'tmindtheactualflying,thewonderofbeingairborneinadensemetalbird.Therestofthejourney,however,canfeellikeatediouslessonintheillsofmodernity,fromthepredawnx-rayscreeningtothesadairportmallssellingclustersofkeepsakes.It'stheresultofaglobalizedworld,anditsucks.我们为什么要旅行?其实,我并不介意飞行本身,在这样一个密实的金属大鸟中飞行,让我感到很奇妙。然而,旅程其余的部分,从一大早X光检查到出售大堆纪念品的糟糕的机场商场,感觉就像是关于现代社会弊病的乏味课程。这是全球化的结果,它糟糕透了。Sometimes,ofcourse,wetravelbecauseweneedto.Becauseinthisdigitalage,thereisstillsomethingimportantaboutthehandshakeatabusinessluncheon.Oreatingmom'sspecialfoodonThanksgiving.Orseeingyourgirlfriendonyour2-yearanniversary.当然,有时候我们旅行是因为我们需要去旅行。因为即使在这个数字化时代,我们仍然有一些很重要的事情要去做,比如在商务午餐中与生意伙伴握手,或是在感恩节这天吃上妈妈特别准备的食物,或是在你和你女朋友的两周年纪念日这天去看她。Butmosttravelisdecidedlyoptional.Onlycorporatetravel,about30%oftripsover50miles,istrulycompulsory.Instead,wetravelbecausewewantto,becausetheannoyancesoftheairportareoffsetbythethrillofbeingsomeplacenew.Becauseworkisstressfulandourbloodpressureistoohighandweneedavacationsomewheretropical.Becausehomeisboring.Becausetheflightsareonsale.BecauseParisisParis.但是大多数旅行是可去可不去的,在超过50英里的旅行中,只有30%属于真正必需的商务旅行。我们旅行是因为我们想要去旅行,因为到一个新地方的兴奋和激动可以抵消在机场的各种烦心事;因为工作压力太大,我们的血压太高,我们要去热带地区度假;因为在家实在太无聊;因为航班都在打折;因为巴黎毕竟是巴黎。Thankstomodernaviation,wecannowmovethroughspaceataninhumanspeed.Forthefirsttimeinhumanhistory,wecanoutrunthesunandmovefromonehemispheretoanotherinasingleday.Ofcourse,it'snotenoughtosimplygetonaplane.Ifwewanttorealizethecreativebenefitsoftravel,thenwehavetore-thinkitsoverallpurpose.Mostpeople,afterall,escapetoParissotheydon'thavetothinkaboutthosetroublestheyleftbehind.Buthere'stheirony:OurmindismostlikelytosolveourmoststubbornproblemswhilewearesittinginluxuryinaLeftBankcafe.So,insteadofcontemplatingthatbutterydessert,weshouldbeconsciousofthosedomesticissueswejustcan'tsolve.多亏了现代航空技术,我们现在可以以非凡的速度在空中穿梭。在人类历史中,这是我们第一次超过太阳——在短短一天中从一个半球到达另一个半球。当然,仅仅往飞机上一坐是不够的。我们要想认识到旅行在提高创新力方面的价值,还得再全面考虑其目的。毕竟,大多数人逃到巴黎,是因为这样他们就可以不必考虑家里的那些烦心事。但是,具有讽刺意味的是,当我们坐在豪华的左岸咖啡馆时,我们的脑子极有可能能解决那些最棘手的问题。因此,我们应该考虑那些在家里解决不了的问题,而不是琢磨那些奶油甜点。Thelargerlesson,though,isthatourthoughtsaresaturatedwiththefamiliar.Thebrainisaspaceofnearinfinitepossibility,whichmeansthatitspendsalotoftimeandenergychoosingwhatnottonotice.Asaresult,creativityistradedawayforefficiency;wethinkinfinite,literalprose,notsymbolicverse.Abitofdistance,however,helpsloosenthecognitivechainsthatimprisonus,makingiteasiertominglethenewwiththeold;themundaneisgraspedfromaslightlymoreabstractperspective.Accordingtoresearch,theexperienceofanexoticcultureendowsuswithavaluableopen-mindedness,makingiteasiertorealizethatevenatrivialthingcanhavemultiplemeanings.Considertheactofleavingfoodontheplate:InChina,thisisoftenseenasacompliment,asignalthatthehosthasprovidedenoughtoeat.ButinAmericathesameactisasubtleinsult,anindicationthatthefoodwasn'tgoodenoughtofinish.但更应该知道的是我们的思想被熟悉的东西所充满。大脑是一个几乎具有无限可能性的空间,这就意味着它花了大量的时间和精力选择不去注意什么。因此,我们牺牲创造力来换取效率。我们以字义明确的散文方式思考,而非以具有象征意义的诗歌方式思考。然而,一点的距离就可以帮助我们放松禁锢我们认知的链条,使新旧思想的结合更容易,对平淡无奇的事情可从更抽象的角度加以认知。有研究指出,体验异国文化可以赋予我们宝贵的开放性思维,使我们更容易明白即使是微不足道的事物也可以有多种意义。想一想把食物剩在盘子里这个行为:在中国,这通常被看成是一种赞美,说明主人提供了足够的食物。但是在美国,同样的行为却暗含侮辱,表明食物不够好,人们不愿意吃完。Suchmulticulturalcontrastsmeanthatseasonedtravelersareopentoambiguity,willingtorealizethattherearedecidedlydifferent(andequallyvalid)waysofinterpretingtheworld.This,inturn,allowsthemtoexpandthecircumferenceoftheir“cognitiveinputsastheyrefusetosettlefortheirfirstanswersandinitialguesses.这种多元文化对比说明,经验丰富的旅行者会接受对事物的多样性解读,他们欣然认识到对这个世界可以有截然不同(但却同样有效)的方式进行解释。这也从而让他们扩大了“认知输入”的范围,因为他们拒绝仅仅满足于他们的最初答案和先前的猜测。Ofcourse,thismentalflexibilitydoesn'tcomefrommeredistance,asimplechangeinlatitudeandlongitude.Instead,thisrenaissanceofcreativityappearstobeasideeffectofdifference:Weneedtochangecultures,toexperiencethedisorientingdiversityofhumantraditions.Thesamefacetsofforeigntravelthataresoconfusing(DoItipthewaiter?Whereisthistraintakingme?)turnouttohavealastingimpact,makingusmorecreativebecausewe'relessinsular.We'reremindedofallthatwedon'tknow,whichisnearlyeverything;we'resurprisedbytheconstantstreamofsurprises.Eveninthisglobalizedage,wecanstillbeamazedatalltheearthlythingsthatweren'tincludedintheLetsGoguidebookandthatcertainlydon'texistbackhome.当然,这种思维的灵活性不仅仅来自纯粹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