John Milton约翰弥尔顿生平介绍

JohnMilton（1608-1674）组员124022012003蔡莹莹124022012020薛凯婷124022012021颜炜124022012023叶莉洁Contents•LIFE•LiteraryAchievement•LiteraryFeatures•QuotesAndReputationLIFE•JohnMilton(1608–1674)wasanEnglishpoet,polemicist(辩论家）,manofletters（作家，学者）,andacivilservantfortheCommonwealthofEngland（英联邦）underOliverCromwell（奥利弗克伦威尔——英国17世纪资产阶级革命领袖，政治家和军事家）.Hewroteatatimeofreligiousflux（宗教变迁）andpoliticalupheaval（政治动荡）.•1608:wasborninLondon•Hisfatherwasapuritan(清教徒）.•Influencedbyhisfather…..•1620:studiedatStPaul‘sschoolinLondon••1625:Christ’sCollege,Cambridge•B.A.（文学士）in1629•MasterofArts（文学硕士）in1632•undertooksixyearsofself-directedprivatestudy•1638：setoutforatourofEuropeinthespring.•HemetfamedscholarHugoGrotiusinParis.•InFlorencehemetGalileo,whowasthenunderhousearrest（软禁中）byorderoftheInquisition（宗教法庭）.•Milton‘stourofEuropewascutshortwithrumorsofimpendingcivilwarinEngland,andhereturnedhomeinJuly1639.AndthenMiltoncomposedEpitaphiumDamonis,aLatinpoemtothememoryofhisdearestfriend，CharlesDiodati.•1641:Hestartedtowritepoliticandreligiousprose.•1644：Areopagitica《论出版自由》waspublished..freedomofpress.•1649：CharlesIwasexecuted.•SecretaryforForeignTongues（外文秘书）.•1652:Theyear1652wasoneofmanypersonallossesforMilton.•losthissight.（totallyblindin1654）•wrotethesonnet（十四行诗）“WhenIConsiderHowMyLightisSpent.”(论失明）•hiswifeMaryandhisdaughterdied.•ThatCromwelldeadin1658causedtheEnglishRepublictocollapseintofeudingmilitaryandpoliticalfactions.•UpontheRestoration(王政复辟）inMay1660,Miltonwasarrested（逮捕令）.•From1663,hespenthistimetutoringstudentsandfinishinghislife'swork,theepic,ParadiseLost.•Hewouldcomposeverseuponverseatnightinhisheadandthendictatethemfrommemorytohisaides(助手）inthemorning.ParadiseLostfinallysawpublicationin1667•1674:MiltondiedpeacefullyofgoutinNovember,1674,andwasburiedinthechurchofSt.Giles,Cripplegate.AmonumenttoMiltonrestsinPoets'CorneratWestminsterAbbey.Family•Miltonandhisfirstwife,MaryPowell(1625–1652)hadfourchildren.•MaryPowelldiedin1652fromcomplications（并发症）followingherdaughter‘sbirth.•In1656,Miltonwasmarriedagain,toKatherineWoodcock.Shediedonin1658,lessthanfourmonthsaftergivingbirthtoadaughter,whoalsodied.•Miltonmarriedforathirdtimein1662,toElizabethMynshull(1638–1728).Despitea31-yearagegap,themarriageseemedhappy,accordingtoJohnAubrey,andwastolastmorethan12yearsuntilMilton'sdeath.LiteraryAchievementPoeticworksMasque(假面剧）ProsePamphlet诗集册GreatWorksPoeticworks•Lycidas《利希达斯》1638•EpitaphiumDamonis《达莫尼斯的墓志铭》1639•OntheLateMassacreinPiedmont《最近的皮埃蒙大屠杀》1645MasqueTheMasqueComus《酒神之假面舞会》1634ProsePamphlet•OfReformation1641•Areopagitica1644《论出版自由》•Colasterion1645•………………………………GreatWorks•ParadiseLost《失乐园》1667•ParadiseRegained《复乐园》1671•SamsonAgonistes《力士参孙》16711.Blankverse(无韵诗)unrhymed（不押韵的）iambicpentameter(五步抑扬格)LiteraryFeatures2.Grandstyle(宏大风格)sublimity(崇高)ofthoughtmajesty(雄伟)ofexpression3.Longsentence（长句）frequentinversionscomplicatedsentencestructureThemindisitsownplace，andinitself，canmakeheavenofHell，andahellofHeaven．境由心生，心之所向，可以让天堂成为地狱，也可以把地狱变成天堂Milton’sQuotesMilton’sQuotesThebestapologyagainstfalseaccusersissilenceandsufferance,andhonestdeedssetagainstdishonestwords.对虚假指控最有力的辩解，就是沉默与容忍，以及用诚实举动对抗不诚实的言词。Milton’sQuotesItisnotmiserabletobeblind;itismiserabletobeincapableofen-duringblindness.失明本身并非是悲惨的，不能忍受失明才是悲惨的Milton’sReputation•Hisinfluenceon18th-centuryverse（诗）wasimmense.•OnceParadiseLostwaspublished,Milton'sstatus•asepicpoetwasimmediatelyrecognised.Miltonisthegreatestwriterofthe17thcenturyandoneofthegiantsinEnglishliterature.HetowersoverhisageasShakespearetowersovertheElizabethanAge,orasChaucertowersoverthemedievalperiod.——《Britishliterature》OurownthoughtsonMilton•luckyandmiserableperson.•Hadawiderangeofknowledge•Well-educatedperson.•Thoughhewasrich，hedidnotextravagantanddissipated.•=1&kb=040200000000000__%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%E5%BC%A5%E5%B0%94%E9%A1%BF耶鲁大学公开课弥尔顿•