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非谓语动词1什么是非谓语动词啊？“非谓语非谓语”,就是不是谓语的动词呗!那不是谓语是什么呢？。。。。。。英语一句话只能有一个主谓结构如果出现更多动词：•加连词（and/but/so…）•放入从句•变为非谓语动词主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语e.g.Heworks.Hewantstoworkhere.Heisworkingnow.Themeetingheldlastweekisveryimportant.非谓语：无人称，数的变化，不单独作谓语，但保留动词特点，可以有宾语或状语。过去分词v-ed不定式to+v动词的v-ing非谓语动词动词不定式Todothatsortofthingisfoolish.Iwanttoseeyouthisevening.MyjobistoteachEnglish.Doyouhaveanythingtosay?ShecameheretostudyEnglish.主语宾语表语定语状语宾补(Itisfoolishtodothatsortofthing.)Sheaskedmetostayhere.注①：在很多情况下，特别是在口语中，常采用it作形式主语，而把不定式后置。It’sagreatpleasuretobehere.Itisnotaneasythingtomasteralanguage.注②：不定式结构的逻辑主语通常可在特定的上下文或情景中看出，也可以由“for/of+名词词组”来表示，如：Itwasdifficultformetodothework.It’skindofyoutothinksomuchofus.作主语下列情形用不定式作定语MadeCuriewasthefirstpersonintheworldtoreceivetwoNobelPrizes.Thebestwaytokeepfitistodevelophealthyeatinghabits.作定语1.由theonly,thefirst,thelast,thenext以及序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词,常用不定式作定语.ThreeyearslaterhehadachancetogotoAustralia.Hefailedinhisattempttoescapefromprison.2.当修饰词是名词:ability,way,chance,attempt,plan,failure等,这时用不定式作定语,对所修饰词起补充说明的作用.作宾补Sheaskedmetostayhere.1.她叫我呆在这儿。2.请允许我介绍Mr.White给你们。PleaseallowmetointroduceMr.Whitetoyou.adviseallowaskcauseencourageexpectforcegetinforminviteorderpermitremindrequestteachtellwantwarnenablewish做独立成分1.Totellthetruth,Idon’tagreewithyou.(老实说)类似的短语有:tobefrank,坦白说tobeexact,确切的说tobeginwith,首先,第一注意1.有些动词后面的不定式不带to，如feel（一感）hear,listento（二听）make,have,let（三让）see,watch,notice,observe（四看）.Iheardthemsingapopsong.Wewatchedthemplayfootball.A.不带to的不定式注:这些动词若用于被动语态,不定式必须加toThemanwasmadetomovehiscarbythepoliceman.2.在wouldrather…than…,ratherthan,等结构后的than之后不用to.3.在can’tbut,can’tchoosebut,can’thelpbut,donothingbut,之后的不定式不用to4.介词but,except,besides+todo,但是如果这些介词前有行为动词do的各种形式,那么,介词后的不定式不用to.5.一些特定结构中:whynotdo…(为什么不做…)hadbetterdo…(最好做…)wouldratherdo…(宁愿；宁可)Iwouldratherhaveacupoftea.我宁愿喝茶。Youhadbettergoback.你还是回去的好。Whynotseeafilmtonight?注意B.带疑问词的动词不定式在to前加疑问词。Mr.Linwillteachushowtousethecomputer.Canyoutellmewheretogetthebook?(what,when,where,which,who,how)注意D.作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时，动词不定式常常省去to后面的动词，只保留to。A:Wouldyouliketocometomyparty?Marywantedtousemybike,butIaskedhernotto(usemybike).B:Yes,I’dloveto(cometoyourparty).Mary想用我的自行车，但我叫她别用。E.有些动词后面既可跟不定式todo，又可跟动名词doing，但是意义不一样，如remember,forget,try,stop,goon,mean,regret,like/love,can’thelp,propose等等Irememberedtoposttheletters.Irememberedposting/havingposttheletters.1)remember/forgettodo表示记得/忘记要去做某事remember/forgetdoing表示记得/忘记做过某事2)trytodo设法努力做某事trydoing尝试着做某事3)goontodo表示接着做另外一件事情goondoing表示接着做原来的那件事情4)stoptodo表示停下来去做另外一件事情stopdoing表示停止做某事5)meantodo表示打算，意欲做某事meandoing表示意味着，意思是6)regrettodo表示很遗憾要去做某事regretdoing表示很遗憾已经做过的事情8)can’thelp(to)do表示不能做，无助于can’thelpdoing表示请不自禁9)usedtodo表示过去常常做某事be/getusedtodoing表示习惯于做某事注：need/want/require;worth/worthy的特殊用法Thebikeneedstoberepaired.Theroomneedsrepairing.1)need/wanttobedone=need/wantdoing需要(含被动意义)ThebookisworthreadingThebookisworthytoberead.Thebookisworthyofbeingread.2)beworthdoing…beworthytobedone/beworthyofbeingdone这本书值得一读。注:prefer的用法：preferdoing…todoing…prefertodo…ratherthando…wouldratherdo…thando…Ipreferwaitingheretostayingathome.Iprefertowaithereratherthanstayathome.Iwouldratherwaitherethanstayathome.Heisusedto_________inthatcity.(live)I’mlookingforwardto______yousoon.(see)Sheobjectsto_________theproblemnow.(discuss)Hedevotedhimselfto___________thenewtheory.(establish)Ihavebeenaccustomedto________inthatcompanysinceIcamehere.(work)Inadditionto_______hisownworkwell,heisreadytohelpothers.(do)F.下面的to是介词，而不是不定式be/getaccustomedto,be/getusedto,inadditionto,+livingseeingdiscussingestablishingworkingdoing主动被动一般式进行式完成式否定式不定式的时态和语态todotobedonetobedoingtohavedonetohavebeendone在to前加not动词不定式的时态和语态1.Iopenedthedoortoentertheroom.2.Mr.Smithisgoingtoattendthemeetingtobeheldtomorrow.㈠.一般式(todo).所表示的动作在谓语动词之后发生。（将要…）被动式：tobedone3.Hedidn’tliketobelaughedat.㈡.进行式(tobedoing)1.Iamverygladtobeworkingwithyou.2.Heissaidtobecoming.所表示的动作和谓语动词同时发生。（正在进行）没有被动式㈢.完成式（tohavedone)1.Iamsorrytohavekeptyouwaitingsolong.2.YouseemedtohavereadthenovelwrittenbyMr.Smith.不定式的动作发生在谓语动词之前。（已经做过）3.Heclaimed____inthesuppermarketwhenhewasdoingshoppingyesterday.A.beingbadlytreatedB.treatingbadlyC.tobetreatedbadlyD.tohavebeenbadlytreated.被动式：tohavebeendone1.—Thelightintheofficeisstillon.---Oh,Iforgot.A.turningitoffB.turnitoffC..havingturneditoffD.toturnitoff2.Shecan’thelp______thehousebecauseshe’sbusymakingacake.A.tocleanB.cleaningC.CleanedD.beingcleaned3.Noteverybodyhastheabilityinpublic.A.ofspeakB.speakingC.spokenD.tospeak练习4.Maryisalwaysthefirststudent___toanswertheteacher’squestionsinclass.A.risingB.toriseC.roseD.risen5.—Mum,whydoyoualwaysaskmetoeataneggeveryday?---_____enoughproteinandnutritionasyouaregrowingup.A.GetB.GettingC.TogetD.Tobegetting6.—Wouldyoubesokind__usout?---Withpleasure.A.helpingB.inhelpingC.helpD.astohelp7.Wetumbrellasarenotallowed______intothishotelaccordingtotherule.A.tobetakenB.totakeC.takenD.taking8.Robertissaid_______abroad,butIdidn’tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.AtohavestudiedBtostudyCtobestudyingDtohavebeenstudying9.InAustralia,hemadealotoffriends____averypract