数学实验与数学建模实验报告学院:专业班级:姓名:学号:完成时间:年月日1承诺书本人承诺所呈交的数学实验与数学建模作业都是本人通过学习自行进行编程独立完成,所有结果都通过上机验证,无转载或抄袭他人,也未经他人转载或抄袭。若承诺不实,本人愿意承担一切责任。承诺人:年月日数学实验学习体会(每个人必须要写字数1200字以上,占总成绩的20%)练习1一元函数的图形1.画出xyarcsin的图象.2.画出xysec在],0[之间的图象.3.在同一坐标系中画出xy,2xy,3xy,3xy,xy的图象.4.画出3232)1()1()(xxxf的图象,并根据图象特点指出函数)(xf的奇偶性.5.画出)2ln(1xy及其反函数的图象.6.画出321xy及其反函数的图象.2练习2函数极限1.计算下列函数的极限.(1)xxx4cos12sin1lim4.程序:symx;f=(1+sin(2*x))/(1-cos(4*x));limit(f,x,pi/4)运行结果:lx21ans=1(2)xxxsec32)cos1(lim.程序:symx;f=(1+cos(x))^(3*sec(x));limit(f,x,pi/2)运行结果:lx22ans=exp(3)(3)22)2(sinlnlimxxx.程序:symx;f=log(sin(x))/(pi-2*x)^2;limit(f,x,pi/2)运行结果:lx23ans=-1/8(4)2120limxxex.3程序:symx;f=x^2*exp(1/x);limit(f,x,0)limit(f,x,0,'right')limit(f,x,0,'left')运行结果:lx24ans=NaNans=Infans=0%左极限为零,存在,右极限为无穷大,在x趋近于零时函数没有极限(5))215(lim122xxxx.程序:symx;f=5*x^2/(1-x^2)+2^(1/x);limit(f,x,inf)运行结果:lx25ans=-4(6)xxxxx32112lim.程序:symx;f=(x^2-2*x+1)/(x^3-x);4limit(f,x,1)运行结果:lx26ans=0(7)xxx11lim20.程序:symx;f=(sqrt(1+x^2)-1)/x;limit(f,x,0)运行结果:lx27ans=0(8))3sin(cos21lim3xxx.程序:symx;f=(1-2*cos(x))/sin(x-pi/3);limit(f,x,pi/3)运行结果:lx28ans=3^(1/2)(9)tgxxx)1(lim0.程序:symx;f=(1/x)^tan(x);limit(f,x,0,'right')运行结果:lx29ans=(10)xxarctgx)2(lim.程序:symx;f=(2/pi*atan(x))^x;limit(f,x,inf,'left')运行结果:lx2105ans=Inf2.解方程012xx.程序:symx;X=solve(x*2^x-1)运行结果:lx202X=lambertw(0,log(2))/log(2)%方程有两个解3.解方程1sin3xx.程序:symx;X=solve(3*sin(x)+1-x)运行结果:lx203X=-0.538470451711254993610615326557454.解方程03qpxx.(p、q为实数)程序:X=solve('x^3+p*x+q=0','x')运行结果:X=((p^3/27+q^2/4)^(1/2)-q/2)^(1/3)-p/(3*((p^3/27+q^2/4)^(1/2)-q/2)^(1/3))p/(6*((p^3/27+q^2/4)^(1/2)-q/2)^(1/3))-((p^3/27+q^2/4)^(1/2)-q/2)^(1/3)/2-(3^(1/2)*i*(p/(3*((p^3/27+q^2/4)^(1/2)-q/2)^(1/3))+((p^3/27+q^2/4)^(1/2)-q/2)^(1/3)))/2p/(6*((p^3/27+q^2/4)^(1/2)-q/2)^(1/3))-((p^3/27+q^2/4)^(1/2)-q/2)^(1/3)/2+(3^(1/2)*i*(p/(3*((p^3/27+q^2/4)^(1/2)-q/2)^(1/3))+((p^3/27+q^2/4)^(1/2)-q/2)^(1/3)))/2练习3导数及偏导数计算1.求下列函数的导数.(1))11)(1(xxy程序:symx;f=(sqrt(x)+1)*(1/sqrt(x)-1);diff(f)运行结果:6lx31ans=(1/x^(1/2)-1)/(2*x^(1/2))-(x^(1/2)+1)/(2*x^(3/2))(2)xxxylnsin程序:symx;f=x*sin(x)*log(x);diff(f)运行结果:lx32ans=sin(x)+log(x)*sin(x)+x*cos(x)*log(x)2.求下列参数方程所确定的函数的导数.(1)tytx44程序:symt;f1=t^4;f2=4*t;diff(f2)/diff(f1)运行结果:lx321ans=1/t^3(2)arctgttytx)1ln(2程序:symt;f1=log(1+t^2);f2=t-atan(t);diff(f2)/diff(f1)运行结果:lx322ans=-((t^2+1)*(1/(t^2+1)-1))/(2*t)3.求下列隐函数的导数.(1)22lnyxxyarctg程序:7symsxy;f=atan(y/x)-log(sqrt(x^2+y^2));yx=-diff(f,x)/diff(f,y)运行结果;lx331yx=(x/(x^2+y^2)+y/(x^2*(y^2/x^2+1)))/(1/(x*(y^2/x^2+1))-y/(x^2+y^2))(2)xyyx程序:symsxy;f=x^y-y^xyx=-diff(f,x)/diff(f,y)运行结果:lx332f=x^y-y^xyx=(x^(y-1)*y-y^x*log(y))/(x*y^(x-1)-x^y*log(x))4.设xeyxcos,求)4(y.程序:symx;f=exp(x)*sin(x);diff(f,x,4)运行结果:lx34ans=(-4)*exp(x)*sin(x)5.验证xeyxsin满足关系式:022yyy程序:symx;f=exp(x)*sin(x);y2=diff(f,x,2);y1=diff(f,x,1);y=f;y2-y1*2+2*y=='0'8运行结果:lx35ans=1%运行结果为1表示y2-y1*2+2*y=='0'成立6.设)ln(yxxu,求22xu,22yu,yxu2.程序:symsxy;f=x*log(x+y);uxx=diff(f,x,2)uyy=diff(f,y,2)f1=diff(f,x);uxy=diff(f1,y)运行结果:lx36uxx=2/(x+y)-x/(x+y)^2uyy=-x/(x+y)^2uxy=1/(x+y)-x/(x+y)^27.求下列多元隐函数的偏导数yzxz,.(1)1coscoscos222zyx程序:symsxyz;f=(cos(x))^2+(cos(y))^2+(cos(z))^2-1;zx=-diff(f,x)/diff(f,z)zy=-diff(f,y)/diff(f,z)运行结果:lx371zx=-(cos(x)*sin(x))/(cos(z)*sin(z))zy=9-(cos(y)*sin(y))/(cos(z)*sin(z))(2)xyzez程序:symsxyz;f=exp(z)-x*y*zzx=-diff(f,x)/diff(f,z)zy=-diff(f,y)/diff(f,z)运行结果:lx372f=exp(z)-x*y*zzx=(y*z)/(exp(z)-x*y)zy=(x*z)/(exp(z)-x*y)8.证明函数22)()(lnbyaxu(ba,为常数)满足拉普拉斯方程:02222yuxu(提示:对结果用simplify化简)练习4积分计算1.计算下列不定积分.(1)dxxx12(2)xxdx2sin12sin2.计算下列定积分.(1)exdxx1ln(2)342sindxxx3.求tdxxxx12)ln(ln1并用diff对结果求导.4.求摆线)cos1(),sin(tayttax的一拱(20t)与x轴所围成的图形的面积.5.计算二重积分(1)122)(yxdxdyyx(2)xyxdxdyyx22)(22106.计算Ldsyx22L为圆周)0(22aaxyx7.计算Ldyyxdxyx)()(2222,其中L为抛物线2xy上从点(0,0)到点(2,4)的一段弧.练习5matlab自定义函数与导数应用1.建立函数xxaaxf3sin31sin),(,当a为何值时,该函数在3x处取得极值,它是极大值还是极小值,并求此极值.2.确定下列函数的单调区间.(1)7186223xxxy(2))0(82xxxy3.求下列函数的最大值、最小值.(1)2332xxy41x(2)312824xxxy练习6matab矩阵运算与数组运算1.计算(1)521111204321+232002101041221(2)01301213030101020501205101(3)524222.设243121013A,112111201B,求满足关系BXA23的X.练习7矩阵与线性方程组1.求下列矩阵的秩.11(1)321110021(2)48203225134549475132539475431731252.求下列矩阵的行列式,如可逆,试用不同的方法求其逆矩阵.(1)285421122(2)62011111213243213.设X111012111=521234311求X.4.解下列线性方程组.(1)6223312433862344224221432143214321xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx(2)212201432143214321xxxxxxxxxxxx练习8常微分方程与级数求1-6题微分方程的通解1.1222yyyx2.xyxydxdy3.xxxyycos4.1)2sincos(yyyx5.xeyyyx2cos36.xxyysin14求7、8题初值问题的解7.10)2(212222xydxdyxxyyyxyx128.0000222,02Vdtdxxxxadtdxndtxdtt9.给出函数xxexfxxcos2sin)(在点0x的7阶taylor展开式以及在x=1处的5阶taylor展开式.10.判别下列级数的敛散性,若收敛求其和.(1)7151311(2)112nnntg11.求幂级数22)1(nnnnnx的和函数.12.求函数项级数1)2sin)