中考英语语法第11讲--情态动词课件(30ppt)(1)

考点直击：3.掌握常用情态动词can,could,may,might,must,need,shall,will,should,would等的用法。1.掌握情态动词的定义：表示可能、怀疑、允诺、愿望、义务、必要、猜测等的动词是情态动词。2.掌握情态动词的特征：有一定的词义，表示说话人对某一动作的看法和态度，但不能单独作谓语，必须和另一个动词原形一起构成谓语；情态动词没有人称和数的变化，含有情态动词的句子改为问句和否定句时，无需添加助动词，可直接构成问句和否定句。一、情态动词是什么？行为动词系动词助动词情态动词能够独立做谓语不能独立做谓语掌握情态动词的定义：表示可能、怀疑、允诺、愿望、义务、必要、猜测等的动词是情态动词。二、情态动词的基本句型•陈述句–主+情态动词+v原•疑问句–情态动词+主+v原？•考点：注意may,must疑问句的回答.•否定句--主+情态动词not+v原•考点：注意hadbetter,need两种词性.三、常考的情态动词1.can能;可能---could2.may可以--might3.must必须;一定4.need需要---非标准情态动词5.should应该----shall6.would将要---will7.hadbetter最好8.usedto过去常常9.wouldrather宁愿能力乐意可能Can是情态动词，不能独立做谓语beableto是系动词，能够独立做谓语，有时态变化所有表示“意愿类题目”，都适用__________yougivemesomewater?表推测时must肯定;一定是（无否定）can’t不可能是（用于否定）Can/Could1.Hewill___________finishitbyhimself.can/may/beableto/不填2.____________yougivemeanothersuggestion?can/could/must/may3.She___runfast,butIcan’t.may/must/need/canbeableto/不填Can/Couldcan4.------Lookattheboyrunningontheground．IsitDavis?------It____behim．Isawhimgototheteacher'sofficejustnow．A．mustBcan'tC．couldD．mightB乐意可能肯定回答一般是：Yes,please./Certainly./Sure等，否定回答一般是：Pleasedon't./No，youcan't.can多用于疑问句和否定句，表示怀疑或不相信等态度；而may则多用于陈述句（肯定），表示一种揣测。He____beright他可能对He______beright他不可能对maycan’t--MayIskateonthelakenow?--No,you____.It’sdangerous.A.can’tB.mustn’tC.shouldn’tD.needn’tA必须肯定肯定回答：yes,…must否定回答：no,youneedn’t/don’thavetodon’thaveto/needn’t不必mustn’t一定不能must表必须有否定；表推测肯定，不能用否定句must的否定Ididn’thearthephone.I_____havebeenasleep.我刚才没有听到电话，我想必是睡着了must—____Itryoutalltheideas?—No,you_________.A.Must,mustn'tB.Need,needC.Must,don'thavetoD.Must,don'tc情态动词行为动词你不需要现在回答这个问题。You_______answerthequestionnow.You_____________answerthequestionnow.你不需要现在回答这个问题。needn’tdon’tneedto---NeedIanswerthequestionnow?---Yes,youmust./No,youneedn’t.usedtobeusedtodoingbeusedtodoHeusedtogoshoppingonweekends.TheEnglishman__________________(不习惯驾驶)ontherightinChina.Pens______________(用来写字)onpaper.他过去常常周末去买东西isn’tusedtodrivingareusedtowriteareusedforwritinghadbetter最好•hadbetter(常简略为'dbetter)是一固定词组，hadbetter最好，用于表示对别人的劝告、建议或表示一种愿望。其用法有以下两点：hadbetter后面必须跟动词原形，构成hadbetterdosth.句型；其否定形式在hadbetter后加not,构成hadbetternotdosth.这里的had不能用have来替换,不表示过去式。如：Tom,you'dbettergotheretoday.汤姆，你最好今天去那儿。你最好立刻就做。你最好不要碰它。You’dbetterdoitrightnow.You’dbetternottouchit.wouldratherdo….thando…/woulddo…ratherthando…解析:宁愿而不愿，中考共三种表达方式1、prefertodo….ratherthando…宁愿做…而不愿做…(动词词组)Iprefertorunratherthanstayathome.我宁愿去跑步也不愿待在家里2、wouldratherdo….thando…宁愿做…而不愿做…Iwouldratherrunthanstayathome.我宁愿去跑步也不愿待在家里.3、prefer…to…相对于猫/跳舞,我更喜欢狗/唱歌.Wouldrather是情态动词，否定为wouldrathernotdo…Ipreferdogs/singingtocats/dancing.Hewouldrather_____________(不看电视).宁愿做…而不愿做notwatchTVCan与could的相同与不同•Can1.能力–---Hesaid:“Icandothat.”2.乐意–---CanIhelpyou?3.不可能（推测）—Itcan’tberainy.•Could1.能力,是can的过式—Hesaidthathe______dothat.2.表乐意,could可独一词.---CouldIgowithyou?could(will—would;shall–should于此相似)•Will1.只用于将来时,Hewillcometomorrow.2.shall,will用来征求对方意见，shall用于第一人称，will用于第二.三人称，用来表示意愿.Let’sgotothezoo,_______?Letusgoshopping,______?•Would1.过去将来时，是will的过去式.Hesaidthathe______cometomorrow.2.表乐意；想要Wouldyoulike…?3.虚拟语气IfI___amilliondollars,I_____giveittocharity.wouldshallwewillyouhadwouldmust和haveto--Mustwefinishgivingouttheposterstoday?--Yes,we_______.Itcan'tbeputoffanylonger.A.canB.mayC.must[答案]C。[解析]回答由must引起的一般疑问句，其肯定答语要用must，不能用can或may。故选C。-Ididn'tpassthemathtest.IthinkIhavespenttoomuchtimeplayingcomputergamesrecently.--Iagree.You__playlikethatanymore.[河南省]A.needn'tB.mustn'tC.maynotD.wouldn't[答案]B。[解析]此处选mustn't。表示“一定不能”“万不能”，用较强的语气来提醒对方不能再玩游戏了。Whentrafficlightsarered.We_________stopandwait.[南京市]A.mayB.canC.mustD.might.[答案]C.[解析]考查情态动词,must必须，表示禁止。1.--CouldIborrowyourdictionary?--Ofcourseyou____________.[陕西省]A.canB.mustC.shouldD.will[答案]A。[解析]上文的could并不表示过去，而只是一种委婉的说法，所以答语用can更礼貌些。2.--Whataboutplayingfootballthisafternoon,Sam?--Iwouldrather__athomethan__football.It'stoohotoutside.A.stay;playingB.stay;playC.tostay;toplayD.tostay;playing[答案]：B。[解析]本题考查了wouldrather的固定短语的应用。WouldratherdoAthandoB和做B比起来，宁愿做A。1._________Iopenthewindow?It'shothere.A.MustB.ShallC.WillD.Would2.GoandaskMrLiu.He_________tellyou.A.mayB.canC.wouldD.could3._________youpleasetellmethetimeplease?A.ShallB.WillC.MayD.Might4._________IspeaktoMrGreen，please?A.WillB.CouldC.MustD.WouldBABB当堂训练5.HesaidKate_____cometotheparty.ButIdon'tthinkso.A.couldB.mightC.needD.must6.—NeedIdomylessonsrightnow?—Yes,you_________.A.needB.canC.shouldD.mustBD7.Heusedto________inthesun,butnowheisusedtoatnight.A.read,readB.reading,readC.read,readingD.reading,reading8.--MayIdotherestoftheworktomorrow?--Yes,ofcourse.You___________finishittoday.A.mustB.shouldC.mustn'tD.needn't9.You________betiredafterworkingforeighthourswithoutarest.A.canB.mayC.mustD.need当堂训练10.---Wouldyouliketogoswimmingwithmethisafternoon?—I’dloveto.ButI’mafraidI___.Ihavetoomuchworktodo.A.can’tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.maynotACDCSummary:三、常考的情态动词。can能;可能---couldmay可以--mightmust必须;一定need需要---非标准情态动词should应该----shallwould将要---willhadbetter最好usedto过去常常wouldrather宁愿一、情态动词的定义：表示可能、怀疑、允诺、猜测等动词。二、情态动词的基本句式。情态动词+（not）+do.FinishexercisesonP104--106.10.Don'tworry!Wecangettothe