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1/6初中英语语法定语从句复习课教案教学目标：1.学生能掌握关系代词和关系副词的正确使用。2.学生能正确理解整个句子的意思教学重难点：定语从句中引导词（who,whom,whose，that,which，when，where,why）的正确使用教学过程：例子导入：Thegirlismysister.Thegirlisstandingunderthetree.Thegirl（whoisstandingunderthetree）ismysister.先行词定语从句一.定义：在复合句中，用来修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词、代词叫先行词。定语从句放在先行词之后。IlikethemusicthatIcandanceto.先行词（物）↘引导词（that指代themusic）Sheisagirl(whohaslonghair.)先行词（人）↘引导词（who指代agirl）二.引导词：关系代词：who,whom,whose，that,which（表人、表物，作主语，宾语）关系副词：when，where,why,（表时间、地点、原因，作状语）（1）先行词表人时可用who，that或whom分点练习：①Heisaboy（______isconfident.）(Theboyisconfident.)主语②Heistheteacherfor_____youarewaiting.(介词提前)③Heistheteacher(______youarewaitingfor.)(Youarewaitingfortheteacher)宾语归纳总结：当先行词是人：①引导词在句中作主语，引导词用who，that②介词提前在句中作宾语，引导词只能用whom③引导词在从句中作宾语，引导词用who/whom2/6小试牛刀：1.Isthisthemanwith______youwenttothezooyesterday?A.whoB.whomC.which2.Heisaman(_______wecanlearn).A.whomB.fromwhichC.fromwhom注意：动词带有介词构成词组时要把介词选上。如：learnfrom中考链接【2013广东湛江】25.—Look!ThatisthewomanImetyesterday.—Oh?She’smyaunt.A.whatB.whoC.whereD.when【2013广东】45.Theyounglady______isinterviewingLinZhixuanabouttheprogramIamasingerisfrom21stCenturyTalentNet.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.whose（2）whose的使用Iknowtheboy_______bikeisred.名词Helovestheroom_______windowistowardstheeast.A.whichB.whoseC.that引导词后面有名词（表所属）时，引导词用whose（3）先行词表物时，用that或whichthat与which的区别：that和which都可表物，一般可互换，但下列情况只用that1.I’msureshehassomething______youcanborrow.A.thatB.which⑴先行词为：everything,nothing,something,anything,等不定代词时引导词用that2.I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.⑵先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时3.Thisisthefirstbookthathewasread.⑶先行词被序数词和最高级修饰时4.Thisistheonlybookthatbelongstohim.⑷先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thebest,thelast等修饰时5.TherearesomebooksandamanthatIhaveseen.⑸先行词既有人也有物3/66.ThereisabookonthedeskthatbelongstoTom.桌子上那本书是汤姆的⑹在therebe句型中7Whoisthegirl______spoketoyoujustnow?Whichisthecar______wasmadeinChina?A.thatB.whoC.which[7].当主句以who或which开头时，为避免重复引导词用that巩固练习：Whoistheman______Isawyesterday.注意：that引导定语从句，充当定语从句的宾语时，可以省略。小试牛刀：Ilikethemusic_______hewrites.A./B.whoC.whyDwhen只用which的情况：1.Thisisthehousein______helives.A.thatB.whichC.who1.先行词是物，且介词提前用whichTheschool(______myfatherworks)looksverybeautiful.(myfatherworksintheschool)A.whichB.inthatC.inwhich对比：Isthisthemanwith______youwenttothezooyesterday?A.whoB.whomC.which先行词是人，且介词提前用_______.2.先行词（物）与引导词之间有逗号隔开（非限制性定语从句），用which2.Helivesinahouse,_______hasmanytreesaroundit.A.thatB.whichC.who3.先行词为that,those时,用which3.What’sthatwhichisunderthedesk?在桌子底下的那些东西是什么?中考链接【2011广东】44.Thefirstthing_____mybrotherisgoingtodothisafternoonistowritealetter.A.whichB.thatC.whyD.who【2011•广州】Thestory______Ireadthenewspaperwasaboutacommonproblemamongteenagers.A.whoseB.whoC.thatD.where【2013安徽】49.Istillrememberthecollegeandtheteachers_____________IvisitedinLondonyearsago.A.whatB.whoC.thatD.which4/6（4）关系副词when,where,why的用法：先行词是一个表示时间的词如：time,hour,day,month,year时，其所对应的关系词如在定语从句中作时间状语(不充当从句的主语或宾语)，则用关系副词when。1.(先行词是时间时，关系副词用when)1.Istillremembertheday___IfirstmetMary.A.thatB.whichC.when2.先行词表示地点时，引导词用where,在句中作状语。2.Thisisthefactory________myfatherworks.拓展：当point,situation，conditions等词作先行词表抽象的地点,其后常由where引导1.Canyouthinkoutasituation________thiswordcanbeused?2.Herillnesshasdevelopedtothepoint________nobodycancureher.3.先行词是thereason时，关系副词用why,也可省略。3.Thatisthereason(why)Ididit.Doyouknowthereason(why)shehaschangedhermind?（5）注意：在定语从句中作时间、地点和原因状语时，关系副词when,where和why可以与“介词+which”互换。Thedaywhen(=onwhich)shearrivedwasThursday.她到的那天是星期四。JulyandAugustarethemonthswhen(=inwhich)theweatherishot.七八月是天气很热的月份Thisisthehotelwhere(=inwhich/atwhich)theywerestaying.这就是他们当时住的旅店Doyouremembertheplacewhere(=atwhich)wehadlunch?你记得我们吃午饭的地方吗?Thereasonwhy(=forwhich)Icameherewastobewithmyfamily.我到这里来的原因是要跟我的家里人在一起小试牛刀：Thisisthefactoryin________myfatherworks.解析：这里填which，inwhich=where拓展：判断找引导词是关系代词或关系副词，找出定语从句的主谓宾，先使其变为简单的肯定句看缺什么成分。Thisisthecity(which/that)youvisitedlastyear.（youvisitedthecitylastyear）.先行词直接充当visited的宾语，缺的是宾语，所以用which或that2）如果定语从句和该先行词无法直接相连，必须另外多加上介词，并在定语从句中充当状语时，则使用关系副词。如：Thisisthecitywhereyoustayedlastyear.（youstayedinthecitylastyear.）5/6先行词也是thecity，将其放入定语从句中不能直接作成分，必须加上介词in，一起做从句的地点状语，相当于in+which所以此处用where.（即取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词;而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。）小试牛刀：1.Isthismuseum___youvisitedafewdaysage?2.Isthisthemuseum____theexhibitionwasheld.A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone解析：例1变为肯定句：Thismuseumis___youvisitedafewdaysago.所缺部分为主句的表语，从句的宾语，而where,onwhich都不能起到宾语的作用，而that只作从句宾语，还缺主句的表语,只有theone既做了主句的表语，又可做从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词that，所以应选D。例2变为肯定句：Thisisthemuseum___theexhibitionwasheld.主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where，又因inthemuseum词组，可用介词in+which引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on用的不对，所以选A。巩固练习：2I'llneverforgetthedays______Ispentinthecountryside.A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.when中考链接：【2012广东】42.Therewillbeaflowershowintheparkwevisitedlastweek.A.whoB.whenC.whatD.Which补充：定语从句中谓语的形式①Therearethetwinswho______inthenextdoor.A.liveB.livesC.lived②Aclockisamachinethat______peoplethetime.A.tellB.istellingC.tells先行词总结：㈠从句谓语动词的单复数与_先行词_的单复数一致，（当引导词充当定语从句的主语时）巩固练习：1.Thesilk_______ismadeinHangzhousellswell.A.thatB.whoC.whatD./2.Inthedarkstreet,ther