主动表被动

2谓语动词主动表被动◆主动表被动非谓语动词主动表被动3一、谓语动词主动表被动的四种情形◆1.某些连系动词主动表被动：look,sound,smell,taste,prove,feelThiskindofclothfeelssoft.Thatdoglooksdangerous.Myadviceprovedwrong.42.当open,close,shut,lock,move等用做不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时，通常用主动形式表示被动意义。他们通常与can't,won't等连用。Thedoorwon’tshut.Suddenlythedooropened.(不强调谁开了门)5它与被动语态含义的差别：Thewindowwon’tshut.这窗户关不上。(说明主语的属性——窗户有问题了)Thewindowwon’tbeshut.这窗户将不用关(窗户本身没问题，只是不用关)6有时可能用主动和被动形式均可，只是强调重点稍有不同：Suddenlythedooropened.突然门开了。(不强调动作执行者)Thedoorwassuddenlyopened.门突然被打开了。(强调动作执行者)73.当read,write,draw,wash,clean,burn,cook,cut,wear,sell等词与well,easily,quickly等副词连用时,常用主动表被动。8◆Theclothwasheswell.Thepoemreadssmoothly.Thebooksellswell.Thischeesedoesn’tcuteasily.It’stoosoft.◆Thisshirtwillwearverylong.Thefloordoesn’tcleaneasily.Thiskindofricecooksmorequicklythanthatkind.9但是别的时候要看具体情况而定：Thisbooksellswell.Sofar,200bookshavebeensoldout.Thesentencewasreadclearlybyher.104.某些表示开始和结束的动作（begin,start,finish,end,etc.），当主语是事物且不强调动作的执行者时，可用主动表被动。Whendoestheconcertbegin?Theplayendedatteno’clock.11Questions:1.Whendidtheaccident________?交通事故是什么时候发生的？2.Whendidthewar_________?战争是何时爆发的？3.Ice-creamalways______wellinsummer.冰淇淋在夏天总是很好卖。happenbreakoutsells124.Thefood_____easilyandsells_____.A.cooks;wellB.iscooking;goodC.iscooked;wellD.cooked;good5.Thewindowsofthebuildingcan’t_____.A.beclosedB.closeC.beclosingD.closedAB136.Themusic__________beautiful.音乐优美动听。7.Astimewenton,Einstein’stheory_______tobecorrect.随着时间的推移，爱因斯坦的理论被证明是正确的。soundsproved141a.Themiddlehousewon'tlet.1b.Themiddlehousewillnotbelet.2a.Hisplayswon'tplay.2b.Hisplayswillnotbeplayed.租不出去不会出租不适宜上演不会上演153a.Shedoesnotphotographwell.3b.Shehasnotbeenphotographedwell.4a.Thispoemreadsfluently.4b.Thispoemisreadfluently.不上相照片没拍好诗很顺畅读得很顺畅1617二、非谓语动词主动表被动的情况：1.不定式toblame,tolet用做表语时，通常用主动表被动。Whoistoblame?Thehouseistolet.(该怪谁呢？)(此屋出租。)182.在“be+形容词+todo”结构中的不定式通常……Thequestionisdifficulttoanswer.Doyouthinkthewaterissafetodrink?Hiswritingisimpossibletoread.Thestrawberriesarenicetoeat.Themanishardtoplease.Theroomisexpensivetolivein.19◆有时形容词后跟有名词，在名词后用作定语的不定式用主动形式表示被动意义：It’sadifficultbooktoread.那是一本难读的书。Itisapleasantthingtoremember.这是一件值得记住的愉快的事。203.不定式用于某些动词的（have,havegot,get,want,need）宾语后做定语时：Ihavesomeletterstowrite.Iwantsomethingtodrink.I'msohungry.SoIwanttogetsomethingtoeat.21◆但是注意：Ihavesomethingtotype.(我自己打)Ihavesomethingtobetyped.(请别人打)所以：当不定式的逻辑主语和句子的主语一致时就用主动表被动，若不一致，则需用被动表被动。Ihavealettertopost.(自己寄)Ihavealettertobeposted.(请别人寄)22(4)beworth/need/want/require/deserve/bear等词后Inall,thebookisworthreading.=isworthytoberead.SuchamanasMrSmithisnotworthhelping.＝SuchamanasMrSmithisnotworthytobehelped23◆Theplantsneedwatering/tobewateredeveryday.Thewallwantsrepairing/toberepaired.Heisill.Hedeservessendingtohospital./tobesenttohospital.241.这些孩子需要细心照料。2.你有什么要说的吗？3.这个问题很好解决。Thesechildrenneedlookingaftercarefully.Doyouhaveanythingtosay?Thisproblemisveryeasytoworkout.254.I'mgoingtoBeijingnextweek.Doyouhaveanything_____________toyourparents?5.Ihaveameetingto__________today.（今天我有一个会议要参加。）6.I’llgotothepostoffice.Doyouhavealetter______________?tobetakentobepostedattend