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Unit4BodyLanguageGrammarMadebyCatherineGrammar1.V-ing形式由“do＋ing”构成(notdoing)2.V-ing可以带宾语或状语构成V-ing短语;3.没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。V-ing形式1.作定语(1).areadingroom阅览室awritingdesk写字台(2).他们住着的房子面朝大街。Theylivedinaroomfacingthestreet.(3).他的哥哥是个老师，住在北京Hisbrother,workingasateacher,livesinBeijing.2.作宾语补足语：1)表示感觉和心理状态的动词2).表示指使意义的动词(1).我发现地上躺着一个包。Ifoundabaglyingontheground.(2).我们看见教室里的灯还亮着。Wesawalightburningintheclassroom.3.作表语(1).我的爱好是画画Herhobbyispainting.(2).我的工作时照顾小孩。Myjobislookingafterthechildren.1._____dogsseldombite.A.BarkB.TobarkC.BarkedD.Barking2.The____buildingsshowedusthatanearthquakewascoming.A.shakingB.shookC.shakenD.shake3.Ifoundadog______ontheroad.A.torunB.runC.ranD.running4.Theproblemisquite______A.puzzlingB.puzzledC.topuzzledD.tobepuzzled5.ThoughIhaveoftenheardthissong______,Ihaveneverheardyou____it.A.beingsung;sangB.sang;singingC.tobesung;tosingD.sung;sing6.Itwassocoldthattheykeptthefire______allnight.A.toburnB.burnC.burningD.burned2.现在分词作状语•表示时间,原因,结果,条件,行为方式或伴随动作等。•注意各种形式变化；•分词的逻辑主语必须是句子的主语，分词必须和句中的主语含有逻辑上的主语关系；1).Fourpeopleenteredtheroomlookingaroundinacuriousway.2).Beingpoor,hecouldn’taffordaTVset.=Becausehewaspoor,hecouldn'taffordaTVset.3).Usingyourhead,you’llfindagoodway.=Ifyouuseyourhead,you'llfindagoodway.条件原因伴随动作4)Hecamerunningbacktotellmethenews.5).Walkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.=WhenIwalkingin……6).Thechildslippedandfell,hittinghisheadagainstthedoor.方式时间状语结果注意：1.当v-ing形式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前时，应使用完成式：“havingdone”Havingfinishedhishomework,herushedouttoplaybasketball.2.当v-ing形式与句子的主语之间存在着逻辑上的被动关系时，应使用被动式：“beingdone”Beinghelpedbytheteacher,shewilllearnEnglishwell.3.当v-ing形式被动式的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前时，被动式应使用完成式：1).Havingbeenshownthelab,weweretakentoseethelibrary.2).________________________________,thebookwaswidelyreadallovertheworld.这本书被翻译成许多国家的文字，在世界上广泛阅读。havingbeendoneHavingbeentranslatedintomanylanguages语态时态主动语态被动语态一般式完成式(not)doing(not)beingdone(not)havingdone(not)havingbeendonev-ing形式作状语时，它的逻辑主语必须与主句的主语是一致的。1).Rushingintothedining-room,supperwaswaitingforme.Rushingintothedining-room,Ifoundsupperwaswaitingforme.2).Whilevisitingastrangecity,aguide-bookisveryhelpful.Whilevisitingastrangecity,youmayfindaguide-bookveryhelpful.5.独立主格结构：Springcomingon,thetreesturnedgreen.1.名词或者代词+非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和分词)或形容词、副词、或介词短语；2.前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系；•在句中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的等。•3).如果时间允许，我们会去参观长城。•_______________,we’llvisittheGreatWall.4).他引领着盲人，缓慢地过马路。•___________________________,theywalkedslowlyacrossthestreet.TimepermittingHeguidingtheblindman6.固定结构：•Judgingfromhisappearance,hemustbeveryrich.•Generallyspeaking,hisanswerisright.•Consideringeverything,theydidagoodjob.v.+ingVS.v.+ed主语定语宾语表语宾补状语-ed×√×√√√-ing√√√√√√1).Readingishishobby.Playedfootballishishobby.×2).HelikeswatchingTV.HelikeswatchedTV.×语态不同：时间不同：-ing-ed定语，表语，宾补表示主动表示被动表示动作正在进行表示动作已经完成Examples:•boilingwater•boiledwater•Alltheworkisfinished.•Theyaredoingthework.•IoftenhearthesongsunginEnglish.•Ioftenhearpeoplesingthesong.•现在分词:“主动正进行”•过去分词:“被动且完成”•关键找逻辑主语:•Beingboughtbytherichman,theapartmentisworthmoremoneynow.•Lookingatthepicture,Icouldn'thelpmissingmymother.作状语1.WhenTonyapproachedJulia,hetouchedhershoulderandkissedher._________________Julia,hetouchedhershoulderandkissedher.RewriteWhenapproaching2.Thepersonwhoistranslatingthesongscanspeaksevenlanguages.Theperson____________________canspeaksevenlanguages.translatingthesongs3.Theboystandingthereisreadingabookaboutbodylanguage.________there,_______isreadingabookaboutbodylanguage.4.BecausehecomesfromJordan,hemovesclosetoaskyouaquestion.____________Jordan,hemovesclosetoaskyouaquestion.ComingfromStandingtheboyUsingstructureshold…inarms;crysadly;(1).Thewomanholdshersoninarms,cryingsadly.(2).Thewomancriessadly,holdinghersoninarms.box(v.拳击)；hitontheface；movetheirsteps；Thetwoboxingmentrytohittheotherontheface,movingtheirstepscarefully.1.Havingnotseenthefilm,Ican’ttellyouwhatIthinkofit.2.Themenworkedforextrahoursgotanextrapay.3.Seenfromthetopofthehill,wefindthecitymorebeautiful.4.Generallyspeak,facialexpressionsarehelpfulcommunications,too.NothavingworkingSeeingspeaking单句改错5.“Can’tyouread?”themansaid,angrilypointedtothenoticeonthewall.6.Knockingatthedoorbeforeentering,please.7.Footballisplayedinmanycountries,madeitthemostpopularsportintheworld.pointingKnockmaking1.Thestrangersaidsomethingina_______voiceandthelittlegirlwasverymuch________A.frightening,frightenedB.frightened,frighteningC.frightening,frighteningD.frightened,frightenedChoosethebestanswer.2.________thepiano,someonesuddenlyknockedatthedoor.A.PlayingB.WhenIwasplayingC.RepairingD.Examining3.______theprogramme,theyhavetostaythereforanother2weeks..A.NotcompletingB.NotcompletedC.NothavingcompletedD.Havingnotcompleted4.“Wecan’tgooutinthisweather”,saidBob,____outofthewindow.A.lookingB.tolookC.lookedD.havinglooked5.Though_____money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.A.lackedB.lackingofC.lackingD.lackedin6.Thebell_______theendoftheperiodrang,______ourheateddiscussion.A.indicating;interruptingB.indicated;interruptingC.indicating;interruptedD.indicated;interrupted7._______suc