总磷的说明书

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总磷全自动在线分析仪使用说明书南京德林环保仪器有限公司序言感谢您使用我公司的DL-2004总磷(TP)全自动在线分析仪。本说明书介绍了本系列产品的安装、接线、操作等使用、保养、检查方面的内容。请您在阅读本使用说明书后再操作和使用本仪器。以下为特别需要注意的事项1.仪器运行之前必须进行温度、压力、采样周期、标一浓度、标二浓度、总磷浓度报警值等设置。2.使用等比例采样功能时,必须安装流量计,此时流量计必须接至传感器1#接口管脚。3.实施配线时,务必关闭电源。目录1总磷(TP)系统概述····················································12安装·······························································22.1预安装·····························································22.1.1电源供给···························································22.1.2室内环境···························································22.1.3水泵的选择、安装及管路的布置·······································22.2仪器安装的空间的要求···············································32.3仪器的拆封··························································33系统说明····························································43.1仪器结构图·························································43.2仪器流路系统·······················································54操作·······························································54.1试剂和标液的准备···················································54.2仪器的开启··························································64.3仪器的关闭···························································64.4仪器操作·····························································64.5样品分析····························································105仪器的日常维护························································106仪器故障的判断和排除··················································106.1仪器显示“未采到标一/标二/水样”或废水的TP值为0·····················116.2测定标准样品准确,但测定实际水样不准确·····························126.3重现性差···························································136.4压力异常···························································136.5温度异常···························································146.6基线不稳···························································147维修操作································································157.1管接头密封安装·······················································157.2样品定量环的更换·····················································157.3废液的处理···························································15附录:流动注射分析法测定总磷(TP)的工作原理·····························1611DL2004总磷(TP)全自动在线分析仪概述DL2004总磷全自动在线分析仪是南京德林环保仪器有限公司研制的具有自主知识产权的新型测量水中总磷的自动监测仪器,能够长期无人值守地自动监测各种水体中的总磷含量,并可远程遥控遥测。本仪器能够对自来水、江河湖泊水、工业污水以及水处理前高浓度废水等进行直接测量。可广泛应用于水环境自动监测站、污水处理厂、自来水厂、排污监控点、地区水界点、水质分析室以及各级环境监管机构对水环境中总磷的监测。22仪器的安装2.1预安装2.1.1电源供给2.1.1.1单相交流电:电源电压:220V±15%AC,10A,电源频率:50Hz±5%,电源功率:1000w,应有接地良好。至少配有5只三眼插座和2只二眼插座,固定在1.2米高处,或配有二只多功能电源插板,可以扩接水泵等用电设备。2.1.1.2对于电压不稳定和经常断电的地区,建议使用功率匹配的交流电源稳压器,以保护仪器。2.1.2室内环境室温:应装有空调,使保持恒温在10-25℃,湿度:45-85%。仪器放置的地面应铺地砖,要求平整和水平、耐腐蚀、无震动。仪器地面应高于取样口地面300mm以上,以保证所布管道中间不得有凸起或凹下,仪器附近无强电磁场干扰和和腐蚀性气体。仪器安装室,应备有洗手池,以便维护时洗手用。室内面积在8-20平方米。室内照明应能照射到仪器正面(40W日光灯)。2.1.3水泵的选择、安装及管路的布置2.1.3.1泵的选择从采水点给仪器输送水样的水泵,其功率应使被测水体输送到仪器处其出水口的液流能满管连续流动。通常采样点到仪器的距离在20米内时,选用350W的潜水泵或自吸泵即可。当采样点到仪器的距离大于20米时,应选用550-750W的自吸泵或潜水泵,另还应根据水样的腐蚀性选择是否选用耐腐蚀泵。2.1.3.2水泵、进水管和溢液管的预装取水点至仪器安装处应预先安装好水泵、直径为32mm水样进水管和溢流管。连接的管道应根据具体情况选用硬聚氯乙烯塑料、ABS工程塑料或钢、不绣钢等材质的硬质管材。安装尺寸如图2.1所示。(在水质具酸碱性的地方不能金属管材)图2.1管道安装图要求:3若使用的是潜水泵,在潜水泵原有的滤网罩外部再裹一层过滤网,滤孔的直径在2.0-5.0mm之间。若使用的是自吸泵,在探入水体的管道头部安装过滤器,滤孔的直径在2.0-5.0mm之间①潜水泵及进水口应能方便维护,遇到诸如较大薄膜包裹水泵时,能方便地去除。②当水泵功率为350w-370W时,水泵电源的连接方法:水泵电源线接仪器左侧取水泵插头(见图2.2)。当水泵功率≥500W,水泵电器的连接方法:仪器左侧取水泵插头接电磁接触器的线圈来控制污水泵的开启。接线方法如图2.3。注意:不能将大功率水泵直接接至取水泵控制接口。潜水泵应尽量浸没在水里。图2.2水泵接线图图2.3功率大于350W水泵接线图2.2仪器安装的空间的要求仪器的尺寸为宽×高×深=620×1375×380(mm),要求仪器的左右保持≥600mm的空间,前面保持≥1000mm的空间.。通常安装仪器的工作子站如图2.8所示。图2.4工作子站安装(建议)示意图2.3仪器的拆封DL2004型分析仪在出厂前已经进行了试验和检定,在接货时,应仔细检查仪器是否在运输过程中出现了损坏。在拆箱时要检查原包装箱,勿使设备的备件随同包装材料一起扔掉。如在拆箱时发现有损坏,应做好记录,并向承运人和本公司的代理人报告损失情况43系统说明3.1仪器结构图图3.1仪器结构图1、加热器2、注射泵P23、蠕动泵4、三通5、陶瓷泵P16、压力传感器7、过流酸钾试剂瓶8、标样试剂瓶9、废液毛细管10、能差分离器11、水管12、恒温冷阱(检测池)13、冷却器14、三通阀15、七通阀16、八通阀17、五通阀18、电磁阀19、抗坏血酸试剂瓶20、钼酸盐试剂瓶21、进样毛细管22、通讯接口23、水泵接口24、电源接口25、进水口26、溢流口27、触摸屏53.2仪器流路系统图3.2仪器流路图(测量态)载流液从位于机舱底部的专用载流液瓶中被注射泵吸入,经泵P2推,进入注样阀(V5R),然后进入注样阀(V4R)。当阀处于测量位时,注样阀的流通状态如图3.2所示。载流液→7→8(V5R)→显色剂采样环(LMo)→2→3(V5R)→水样采样环(Ls)→5→4(V4R)冷阱→流通池→废液当阀处于采样位时,载流液(R1)→6→7(V5L)→P2水样→V3→V2→V1→V3R→贮液管,自动清洗LS环,并同时水样消解使水样充满LS环。4.操作4.1试剂和标液的准备4.1.1钼酸盐溶液:溶解10g钼酸铵[(NH4)6Mo7O24.4H2O]于100mL水中。溶解0.10g酒石酸锑钾[KSbC4H4O7.H2O]于100mL水中。在不断搅拌下把钼酸铵溶液徐徐加到44mL硫酸(1+1)中,再加酒石酸锑钾溶液,定容到500ml,然后混合均匀。4.1.2抗坏血酸(载流液),25g/L溶液:溶解25g抗坏血酸(C6H8O6)于水中,并稀释至1L。4.1.3过硫酸钾,25g/L溶液:将25g过硫酸钾(K2S2O8)溶解干水,并稀释至1L。4.1.4磷标准贮备溶液:称取0.4394g于110℃干燥2h在干燥器中放冷的磷酸二氢钾(KH2PO4),用水溶解后转移至1000mL容量瓶中,加入大约800mL水,加5mL硫酸(1+1),用水稀释至标线并混匀。1.00mL此标准溶液含100.0μg磷。★抗坏血酸和钼酸盐溶液要保存在棕色的试剂瓶里,冷藏可以保存一个月。★装标样的瓶子最好是玻璃制品,因磷会吸附在塑料制品上。4.1.5磷酸二氢钾标准溶液用磷酸二氢钾储备溶液配制需要的浓度作为标准液,其标准液1和标准液2的浓度应是检测点水样常出现的浓度的两端。如果被测水样和标样之间的浓度有数量级之差,则其误差有可能稍稍大于仪器的技术指标。标液一次配制的体积的选择应以通常设定的测量周期,观察其用量多少,配的量以2星期用完为好。因为时间放置过长,会使标液TP值下降,冬天用的时间可以稍长一些。使6用者也可根据需要另用其它适当的容器。配制标液的计算公式:欲配制标液的浓度×欲配制标液的体积=储备溶液浓度×应量取储备溶液体积例:已知储备溶液浓度是100mg/l,欲配制标液的浓度是2mg/l,欲配制标液的体积是1000ml,问如何配制?答:计算,应量取储备溶液体积=1000×2/100=20用20mL移液管精确量20mL浓度为100mg/l磷酸二氢钾储备溶液放入1000mL容量瓶中,再加蒸馏水至容量瓶细颈刻线处,盖塞充分摇匀。4.2仪器的开启4.2.1检查仪器的下仓的载流液瓶内载流液是否能正常使用,有无过期变质现象。4.2.2上仓的冷却水箱内冷却水应够量,冷却管应全部浸在水里4.2.3标准液和试剂常温下应是一星期内配制的,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